Zimmermanroberson0516

DNA methylation is an essential epigenetic modification for multiple biological processes. DNA methylation in mammals acts as an epigenetic mark of transcriptional repression. Aberrant levels of DNA methylation can be observed in various types of tumor cells. Thus, DNA methylation has attracted considerable attention among researchers to provide new and feasible tumor therapies. Conventional studies considered single-gene methylation or specific loci as biomarkers for tumorigenesis. However, genome-scale methylated modification has not been completely investigated. Thus, we proposed and compared two novel computational approaches based on multiple machine learning algorithms for the qualitative and quantitative analyses of methylation-associated genes and their dys-methylated patterns. This study contributes to the identification of novel effective genes and the establishment of optimal quantitative rules for aberrant methylation distinguishing tumor cells with different origin tissues.The fast-growing cyanobacterium Synechococcus elongatus UTEX 2973 (Syn2973) is a promising candidate for photosynthetic microbial factory. Seawater utilization is necessary for large-scale cultivation of Syn2973 in the future. However, Syn2973 is sensitive to salt stress, making it necessary to improve its salt tolerance. In this study, 21 exogenous putative transporters were individually overexpressed in Syn2973 to evaluate their effects on salt tolerance. The results showed the overexpression of three Mrp antiporters significantly improved the salt tolerance of Syn2973. Notably, overexpressing the Mrp antiporter from Synechococcus sp. PCC 7002 improved cell growth by 57.7% under 0.4 M NaCl condition. In addition, the metabolomics and biomass composition analyses revealed the possible mechanisms against salt stress in both Syn2973 and the genetically engineered strain. The study provides important engineering strategies to improve salt tolerance of Syn2973 and is valuable for understanding mechanisms of salt tolerance in cyanobacteria.Eggplant (brinjal) is a popular vegetable that provides an important source of income for small, resource-poor Bangladeshi farmers. The biggest constraint to brinjal production is the eggplant fruit and shoot borer (EFSB). This study was conducted in 2019 in five districts in Bangladesh and examined the impacts of using genetically engineered, insect-resistant brinjal (Bt brinjal) on its value and marketing. Based on a survey of Bt and non-Bt farmers, results indicate that Bt brinjal provided an average of 19.6% higher yield and 21.7% higher revenue compared to non-Bt varieties. On a per tonne basis, the revenue benefit of using Bt brinjal was 1.7%, reflecting different levels of acceptability among trade buyers and consumers. Some were prepared to pay higher prices for Bt brinjal compared to non-Bt brinjal because the fruit was less damaged, while others paid a price discount because the Bt brinjal was not available in preferred local varieties. Labor use, expressed in 8-h days, for harvesting, grading, and preferences. Additional studies are warranted to corroborate these findings and explore in more detail the factors influencing decisions made by farmers and consumers regarding Bt brinjal.Nanomaterials-based phototherapies, mainly including photothermal therapy (PTT), photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photoimmunotherapy (PIT), present high efficacy, minimal invasion and negligible adverse effects in cancer treatment. The integrated phototherapeutic modalities can enhance the efficiency of cancer immunotherapy for clinical application transformation. The near-infrared (NIR) light source enables phototherapies with the high penetration depth in the biological tissues, less toxic to normal cells and tissues and a low dose of light irradiation. find more Mediated via the novel NIR-responsive nanomaterials, PTT and PDT are able to provoke cancer cells apoptosis from the generated heat and reactive oxygen species, respectively. The released cancer-specific antigens and membrane damage danger signals from the damaged cancer cells trigger immune responses, which would enhance the antitumor efficacy via a variety of immunotherapy. This review summarized the recent advances in NIR-triggered photo-/immune-therapeutic modalities and their synergistic mechanisms and applications toward cancers. Furthermore, the challenges, potential solutions and future directions of NIR-triggered photo-/immunotherapy were briefly discussed.Cardiovascular diseases represent the major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Multiple studies have been conducted so far in order to develop treatments able to prevent the progression of these pathologies. Despite progress made in the last decade, current therapies are still hampered by poor translation into actual clinical applications. The major drawback of such strategies is represented by the limited regenerative capacity of the cardiac tissue. Indeed, after an ischaemic insult, the formation of fibrotic scar takes place, interfering with mechanical and electrical functions of the heart. Hence, the ability of the heart to recover after ischaemic injury depends on several molecular and cellular pathways, and the imbalance between them results into adverse remodeling, culminating in heart failure. In this complex scenario, a new chapter of regenerative medicine has been opened over the past 20 years with the discovery of induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs). These cells share the same character-to-date overview of the latest advancements in the application of pluripotent stem cells and tissue-engineering for therapeutically relevant cardiac regenerative approaches, aiming to highlight outcomes, limitations and future perspectives for their clinical translation.A dynamic coarse-grained model of microalgal growth considering light availability and temperature under discontinuous bioprocess operation was parameterized using experimental data from 15 batch cultivations of Nannochloropsis granulata in a pilot-scale tubular photobioreactor. link2 The methodology applied consists of a consecutive two-step model parameter estimation using pooled, clustered and reorganized data to obtain initial estimates and multi-experiment fitting to obtain the final estimates, which are maximum specific growth rate μmax = 1.56 d-1, specific photon half-saturation constant K S,ph = 1.89 mol ph g X - 1 d - 1 , specific photon maintenance coefficient m ph = 0.346 mol ph g X - 1 d - 1 and the cardinal temperatures T min = 2.3°C, T opt = 27.93°C and T max = 32.59°C. Biomass productivity prediction proved highly accurate, expressed by the mean absolute percent error MAPE = 7.2%. Model-based numerical optimization of biomass productivity for repeated discontinuous operation with respect to the process parameters cultivation cycle time, inoculation biomass concentration and temperature yielded productivity gains of up to 35%. This optimization points to best performance under continuous operation. The approach successfully applied here to small pilot-scale confirms an earlier one to lab-scale, indicating its transferability to larger scale tubular photobioreactors.Prodigiosin, a bioactive secondary metabolite produced by Serratia marcescens, is an effective proapoptotic agent against various cancer cell lines, with little or no toxicity toward normal cells. The hydrophobicity of prodigiosin limits its use for medical and biotechnological applications, these limitations, however, can be overcome by using nanoscale drug carriers, resulting in promising formulations for target delivery systems with great potential for anticancer therapy. Here we report on prodigiosin-loaded halloysite-based nanoformulation and its effects on viability of malignant and non-malignant cells. We have found that prodigiosin-loaded halloysite nanotubes inhibit human epithelial colorectal adenocarcinoma (Caco-2) and human colon carcinoma (HCT116) cells proliferative activity. After treatment of Caco-2 cells with prodigiosin-loaded halloysite nanotubes, we have observed a disorganization of the F-actin structure. Comparison of this effects on malignant (Caco-2, HCT116) and non-malignant (MSC, HSF) cells suggests the selective cytotoxic and genotoxic activity of prodigiosin-HNTs nanoformulation.Chronic or acute insults to the myocardium are responsible for the onset of cardiomyopathy and heart failure. Due to the poor regenerative ability of the human adult heart, the survival of cardiomyocytes is a prerequisite to support heart function. Chaperone proteins, by regulating sarcomeric protein folding, function, and turnover in the challenging environment of the beating heart, play a fundamental role in myocardial physiology. Nevertheless, a number of evidences indicate that, under stress conditions or during cell damage, myocardial cells release chaperone proteins that, from the extracellular milieu, play a detrimental function, by perpetuating inflammation and inducing cardiomyocyte apoptosis. link3 Blocking the activity of extracellular chaperones has been proven to have beneficial effects on heart function in preclinical models of myocardial infarction and cardiomyopathy. The application of this approach in combination with tissue engineering strategies may represent a future innovation in cardiac regenerative medicine.Engineered plant cell lines have the potential to achieve enhanced metabolite production rates, providing a high-yielding source of compounds of interest. Improving the production of taxanes, pharmacologically valuable secondary metabolites of Taxus spp., is hindered by an incomplete knowledge of the taxane biosynthetic pathway. Of the five unknown steps, three are thought to involve cytochrome P450-like hydroxylases. In the current work, after an in-depth in silico characterization of four candidate enzymes proposed in a previous cDNA-AFLP assay, TB506 was selected as a candidate for the hydroxylation of the taxane side chain. A docking assay indicated TB506 is active after the attachment of the side chain based on its affinity to the ligand 3'N-dehydroxydebenzoyltaxol. Finally, the involvement of TB506 in the last hydroxylation step of the paclitaxel biosynthetic pathway was confirmed by functional assays. The identification of this hydroxylase will contribute to the development of alternative sustainable paclitaxel production systems using synthetic biology techniques.Background The recent clinical success of immunotherapy represents a turning point in cancer management. But the response rate of immunotherapy is still limited. The inflamed tumor microenvironment has been reported to correlate with response in tumor patients. However, due to the lack of appropriate experimental methods, the reason why the immunotherapeutic resistance still existed on the inflamed tumor microenvironment remains unclear. Materials and Methods Here, based on single-cell RNA sequencing, we classified the tumor microenvironment into inflamed immunotherapeutic responsive and inflamed non-responsive. Then, phenotype-specific genes were identified to show mechanistic differences between distant microenvironment phenotypes. Finally, we screened for some potential drugs that can convert an unfavorable microenvironment phenotype to a favorable one to aid current immunotherapy. Results Multiple signaling pathways were phenotypes-specific dysregulated. Compared to non-inflamed microenvironment, the expression of interleukin signaling pathways-associated genes was upregulated in inflamed microenvironment.