Zhuhiggins3528

5), pathogen inhibition, and autoaggregation. However, growth on MacConkey agar plates, supernatant pH, motility, and transepithelial electrical resistance were negatively correlated with the PP isolates. Furthermore, in vivo study needs to be performed for evaluation of the utility of these probiotic candidates in poultry production.Poultry is seen as the main reservoir for Campylobacter. Control of this zoonotic pathogen in primary production could potentially reduce the colonization in broiler flocks and consequently reduce the number of human infections. In the present study, 20 broiler flocks from 10 farms, were sampled immediately before and 5 to 7 d after partial depopulation (thinning) for the presence of Campylobacter using cecal droppings and overshoes. At the time of thinning, the catching crew, transportation vehicles, forklift, and transport containers were sampled for the presence of Campylobacter. Samples were cultivated; presumed positive isolates were confirmed by PCR. The isolates were molecularly typed by flaA restriction analysis and pulsed field gel electrophoresis. Results show that all flocks were thinned using Campylobacter-contaminated equipment and materials. One-third of the broiler flocks became colonized after thinning. In 67% of the colonization cases, identical strains were found matching those of container systems, transport trucks, and/or forklifts. This identifies thinning as an important risk factor for Campylobacter introduction into broiler houses. Setup and compliance with biosecurity practices during thinning is essential to prevent Campylobacter colonization of broiler flocks.A 49-d feeding study was conducted to evaluate the effects of the genetically modified (GM) maize strain C0030.3.5 on Japanese quails (Coturnix japonica) in terms of body performance and egg quality. Furthermore, the bodily fats of transgenic proteins in the Japanese quails were investigated. The results showed that the parameters body weight, hematology, serum chemistry, relative organ weight, and histopathological appearance were normal in male and female quails that consumed GM diets, and no differences could be attributed to the varying diets in regard to the laying performances or nutrient egg compositions between the groups. Furthermore, the transgenic Cry1Ab and EPSPS proteins were undetectable by Western blot in the blood, organ, fecal, and whole egg samples of quails fed a diet containing GM maize. The results obtained after 49 d suggested that consumption of C0030.3.5 transgenic feed did not adversely affect quail health or egg quality, and there was no evidence of transgenic protein translocation to the blood, tissues, feces, and eggs. Based on the different parameters assessed, C0030.3.5 transgenic maize is a safe food source for quails that does not differ in quality from non-GM maize.Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum biovars Pullorum (S. Pullorum) is an infectious bacterial pathogen in the poultry industry that causes systemic pullorum disease. This disease causes great losses in terms of the clinical production and quality of chicken products in breeding farms. However, an acknowledged usable rapid detection method for its specific identification has not been reported, and it is generally difficult to distinguish from fowl typhoid caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Gallinarum biovars Gallinarum. The development of a specific and rapid detection method for this pathogen is therefore needed. In the present study, we targeted the single-nucleotide mutation position 237 of the S. Pullorum rfbS gene to develop an enzyme-activated blocked probe for its clinical rapid detection. The method displayed robust specificity and reproducibility, and it achieved minimal detection limits of 21 copies/μL of copy number and 4.53 pg/μL of genomic DNA. Compared with traditional identification and PCR methods, this method performed better for the detection of 100 clinical actual samples and without false negative results. The entire process can be accomplished in a 1-step closed-tube operation, overcomes the difficulties currently associated with S. Pullorum detection, and provides a specific and rapid method with broad application potential for SNP detection.There is an increasing interest in free-range poultry with the increasing focus on food safety and animal welfare. This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of grazing mixed-grass pastures on growth performance, immune responses, and intestinal microbiota in free-range laying chickens. Ten-week-old female Beijing-you chickens were blocked by the BW and randomly assigned to 3 free-range systems in poplar plantations for 120 d forage-removed paddocks with a high stocking density of 5 m2/hen (control [CK]); mixed-grass pastures with a low stocking density of 6 m2/hen ;or mixed-grass pastures with a high stocking density of 5 m2/hen. Intestinal microbial community analysis was performed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing using Illumina MiSeq. The results revealed that no differences (P > 0.05) were found between the 3 raising systems for the BW and ADG. Chickens grazing mixed-grass pastures exhibited decreased (P > 0.05) mortality and improved immune responses as evidenced by increased T-lymphocyte proliferation (P > 0.05) and immunoglobulin A (P > 0.05) and immunoglobulin M concentrations (P less then 0.05) compared with those raised in forage-removed paddocks. selleck products Metagenomic analysis indicated that grazing mixed-grass pastures regulated the intestinal microbiota by increasing the prevalence of beneficial bacteria, such as Lactobacillus, Bacteroides, and Faecalibacterium, and reducing potentially pathogenic bacteria population, such as the Rikenellaceae_RC9_gut_group compared with the CK. Therefore, this study indicated that grazing mixed-grass pastures could positively influence intestinal microbiota that may contribute to the overall growth and immunity of free-range chickens and that a low stocking density of 6 m2/hen was optimal to Beijing-you chickens grazing mixed-grass pastures.This study investigated the effect of berberine (BBR) on growth performance and composition and function of cecal microbiota in yellow-feathered broilers. A total of 360 1-day-old female broilers were assigned to 3 dietary treatments, each with 6 replicates of 20 birds. The dietary treatments consisted of a basal diet as negative control (NC), basal plus 200 mg/kg oxytetracycline calcium and 250 mg/kg nasiheptide as an antibiotic positive control (PC), and basal plus 250 mg/kg BBR. On day 21, 42, and 63, one chicken from each replicate was randomly selected for blood collection and cecal sampling. The 16S rRNA sequencing technology was used to analyze the community composition and function of cecal microbiota. Dietary supplementation with antibiotics or BBR increased the final body weight (BW) at day 63 and the average daily gain (ADG) during 1 to 21 d compared with the NC (P less then 0.05). Supplementation with BBR improved the average daily feed intake (ADFI) at 22 to 42 d, 43 to 63 d, and 1 to 63 d (P less then 0.