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A multivariable analysis demonstrated that neither preoperative diameter of the ascending aorta nor bicuspid valve was associated with dilatation of the repaired aorta. Co-existing coronary artery disease was associated with both recurrent aneurysm and increased dilatation rate after SRA. There were 2 cases of sudden death and no one suffered from aortic dissection, rupture or aortic reoperation. Ten- and 20-year freedom rates from MAE were 90.3% and 79.3%, respectively.

Concomitant SRA might be a safe and effective surgical alternative to ascending aorta replacement in AVR patients with borderline ascending aortic dilatation regardless of aortic valve pathology.

Concomitant SRA might be a safe and effective surgical alternative to ascending aorta replacement in AVR patients with borderline ascending aortic dilatation regardless of aortic valve pathology.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of segmental artery reimplantation and its patency on spinal cord ischemia (SCI) in thoracoabdominal aorta replacement.

For 193 patients who underwent early postoperative computed tomographic (CT) angiography after thoracoabdominal aorta replacement, the technique of segmental artery reimplantation, their patency, and postoperative SCI were retrospectively investigated.

The early patency rate of reimplanted segmental artery was 83.3% (210 of 252), as 13 were taken down intraoperatively and 42 were not visualized in the postoperative CT angiography. The patency rate differed according to the reimplantation technique 93.6% (131/140) for en bloc patch, 95.6% (43/45) for small individual patch, and 53.7% (36/67) for graft interposition. SCI occurred in 13 (6.3%) patients, 4 of whom (2.0%) remained paraplegic permanently. SCI was significantly more frequent (P=0.044) in the patients in whom segmental artery reimplantation was not successful (take-down or occlusion, 6/37=16.2%) than in those who had all segmental arteries sacrificed intentionally (2/64=3.1%) and those who showed patency of all reimplanted segmental arteries (5/92=5.4%). Especially, there was no permanent paraplegia in the last group. Failure of intended segmental artery reimplantation was a significant risk factor of postoperative SCI in logistic regression analysis (P=0.012; odds ratio 4.65, 95% confidence interval 1.41-15.36).

During thoracoabdominal aorta replacement, attention should be paid to the segmental artery reimplantation technique, which affects the risk of occlusion or intraoperative takedown and thereby may have impact on postoperative SCI.

During thoracoabdominal aorta replacement, attention should be paid to the segmental artery reimplantation technique, which affects the risk of occlusion or intraoperative takedown and thereby may have impact on postoperative SCI.

National human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination programs could reduce global cervical cancer morbidity and mortality with support from health care providers. We assessed providers' perceptions of HPV vaccination in 5 countries.

We identified providers from 5 countries where national HPV vaccination programs were at various stages of implementation Argentina, Malaysia, South Africa, South Korea, and Spain. Providers authorized to administer adolescent vaccines completed an in-depth survey, reporting perceptions of barriers and facilitators to initiating and completing HPV vaccination, and logistical challenges to HPV vaccination.

Among 151 providers, common barriers to HPV vaccination initiation across all countries were parents' lack of awareness (39%), concerns about vaccine safety or efficacy (33%), and cost to patients (30%). Vaccination education campaign (70%) was the most commonly cited facilitator of HPV vaccination initiation. Common barriers to series completion included no reminder system or dosing schedule (37%), loss to follow-up or forgetting appointment (29%), and cost to patients (25%). Cited facilitators to completing the vaccine series were education campaigns (45%), affordable vaccination (32%), and reminder/recall systems (22%). Among all countries, high cost of vaccination was the most common logistical challenge to offering vaccination to adolescents (33%).

Incorporating provider insights into future HPV vaccination programs could accelerate vaccine delivery to increase HPV vaccination rates globally.

Incorporating provider insights into future HPV vaccination programs could accelerate vaccine delivery to increase HPV vaccination rates globally.

Because of concerns about malignancy risks, using biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (bDMARDs) in patients with a history of malignancy remains a challenging issue in rheumatology practice. This study aimed to investigate bDMARD preferences of physicians when treating of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and spondyloarthritis (SpA) patients with a history of malignancy.

The data for this cross-sectional study were gathered from the TReasure database using a date range of December 2017 and January 2020. Biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drug preferences were analyzed for 40 RA patients and 25 SpA patients with a history of malignancy.

The most frequently prescribed bDMARD was rituximab, which was given to 28 RA patients (70%). For 25 patients (62.5%), the time between the diagnosis of malignancy and starting on a bDMARD regimen was less than 60 months, with a median interval of 43.5 months. Among SpA patients, the preferred bDMARDs were secukinumab and etanercept, which were each administered to 7 patients (28%). For 13 SpA patients (52%), the time between the diagnosis of malignancy and starting on bDMARDs was less than 60 months, with a median interval of 97 months.

The observed bDMARD preferences may be related to the therapeutic effects of rituximab on lymphoproliferative malignancies, the protective effects of secukinumab on tumor progression, and the short half-life of etanercept. Biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs should be used in RA and SpA patients with malignancy in case of high inflammatory activity.

The observed bDMARD preferences may be related to the therapeutic effects of rituximab on lymphoproliferative malignancies, the protective effects of secukinumab on tumor progression, and the short half-life of etanercept. Biological disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs should be used in RA and SpA patients with malignancy in case of high inflammatory activity.

The Latin American population living with lupus lacks reliable and culturally competent health education resources. We describe a Spanish and Portuguese online program to educate Latin American people about lupus.

An extensive network of Latin American stakeholders participated in the program design, implementation, dissemination, and evaluation. Patients and rheumatologists selected core topics. Rheumatologists prepared the content using evidence-based data. Adaptations were conducted to meet the audience's health literacy and cultural values. Social media was used to post audiovisual resources and facilitate users' interactions with peers and educators, and a Web site was created to offer in-depth knowledge.

The most massive outreach was through Facebook, with more than 20 million people reached and 80,000 followers at 3 months, between the Spanish and Portuguese pages. Nearly 90% of followers were from Latin America. A high engagement and positive responses to a satisfaction survey indicate that Faceable outreach but is more taxing for the professional team than the Web site. However, the Web site is less likely to be used as a primary education source by Latin American people because they value social interactions when seeking lupus information.

Despite recent advances in melanoma drug discovery, the average overall survival of patients with late-stage metastatic melanoma is approximately 3 years, suggesting a need for new approaches and melanoma therapeutic targets. Previously we identified heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H2 as a potential target of anti-melanoma compound 2155-14 (Palrasu et al., Cell Physiol Biochem 2019;53656-686). In the present study, we endeavored to develop an assay to enable a high throughput screening campaign to identify drug-like molecules acting via down regulation of heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein H2 that can be used for melanoma therapy and research.

We established a cell-based platform using metastatic melanoma cell line WM266-4 expressing hnRNPH2 conjugated with green fluorescent protein to enable assay development and screening. High Content Screening assay was developed and validated in 384 well plate format, followed by miniaturization to 1,536 well plate format.

All plate-based QC parameters were acceptable %CV = 6.7±0.3, S/B = 21±2.1, Z' = 0.75±0.04. Pilot screen of FDA-approved drug library (n=1,400 compounds) demonstrated hit rate of 0.5%. Two compounds demonstrated pharmacological response and were authenticated by western blot analysis.

We developed a highly robust HTS-amenable high content screening assay capable of monitoring down regulation of hnRNPH2. Cynarin This assay is thus capable of identifying authentic down regulators of hnRNPH1 and 2 in a large compound collection and, therefore, is amenable to a large-scale screening effort.

We developed a highly robust HTS-amenable high content screening assay capable of monitoring down regulation of hnRNPH2. This assay is thus capable of identifying authentic down regulators of hnRNPH1 and 2 in a large compound collection and, therefore, is amenable to a large-scale screening effort.

Average volume-assured pressure support (AVAPS), a dual mode, delivers a set tidal volume (TV) per kg by adjusting the pressure between upper and lower inspiratory positive airway pressures (IPAP). Thus, ventilation is presumed to be happened effectively by sending a guaranteed TV. This study was aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of AVAPS mode in critically ill patients with acute hypercarbic respiratory failure (HRF) and compare the results with bilevel positive airway pressure-spontaneous/timed (BPAP-S/T) mode.

Sixty patients were assigned to BPAP-S/T (n=29) and AVAPS modes (n=31). Maximum IPAP was started at 20 cmH

O and minimum IPAP was set at 5 cmH

O higher than expiratory positive airway pressure (EPAP) in AVAPS mode. IPAP was started at 15 cmH

O in BPAP-S/T mode. IPAP levels were titrated up to 30 cmH

O during noninvasive mechanic ventilation (NIMV) with a targeted TV of 6-8 mL/kg. Patients were followed for 5 days.

No differences were found in pH, paCO

, HCO

, TV and EPAP between the two groups when compared separately by days. Maximum IPAP levels were significantly high in AVAPS mode in all times (P<0.001). The length of stay (LOS) in intensive care unit (ICU) (P=0.994) and hospital (P=0.509), hours of NIMV use per day (P=0.101) and NIMV success rate (P=0.931) were identical between the two groups. ICU (P=0.931), hospital (P=0.800), 6-month (P=0.919) and 1-year (P=0.645) mortality rates were also not different between the both groups.

AVAPS mode had similar efficiency with BPAP-S/T mode regarding the NIMV treatment success in critically ill patients with acute HRF.

AVAPS mode had similar efficiency with BPAP-S/T mode regarding the NIMV treatment success in critically ill patients with acute HRF.