Wynnhartman0965

Our article addresses these misconceptions of the CLT by explaining the preliminaries needed to understand the CLT, introducing the formal definition of the CLT, and elaborating on the implications of the CLT. We hope that through this article, researchers can obtain a more accurate and nuanced understanding of how the CLT operates as well as its role in a variety of statistical concepts and techniques. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

We explored the relationship between a visual scanning strategy and a facial emotion recognition deficit in Parkinson's disease (PD).

Thirty nondemented PD patients (balanced for symptom side at onset) and 20 age, education and gender-matched healthy controls (HC) were enrolled. The PD group underwent a comprehensive neuropsychological battery also exploring the executive functions. In both groups, eye movements were recorded while subjects categorized facial emotion from Ekman's 60-faces test. We were particularly interested in the location of fixations on facial pictures (top vs. bottom) and in emotional valence (positive vs. negative). We also compared performance of the two groups on a verbal emotion attribution task.

Compared to HC, PD patients performed worse on visual recognition of negative emotions such as anger, fear, and sadness (where the upper part of the face is more informative than the lower part); the two groups did not differ on the verbal emotion attribution task. HC modified their visual scanning strategy (both number and overall time duration of fixations) according to the valence of the emotion; by contrast, PD showed the same pattern regardless of the valence. In the PD group, accuracy in the visual recognition of negative emotions and fixation pattern correlated with performance on tasks exploring executive functions; however, no associations were observed with severity of motor state.

Our results suggest that visual scanning strategy contributes significantly to the facial emotion recognition deficit of PD patients, especially at a "high level" related to cognitive control of eye movements. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

Our results suggest that visual scanning strategy contributes significantly to the facial emotion recognition deficit of PD patients, especially at a "high level" related to cognitive control of eye movements. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).Understanding resilience has expanded our knowledge of certain risk and protective factors regarding the development of different forms of psychopathology. Particularly, a focus on resilience can be used to implement interventions and to target specific behaviors in hopes of mitigating the onset of a disorder or to alleviate symptoms. Less research on resilience has been done with individuals with psychosis, particularly schizophrenia spectrum disorders. Only 1 previous study has targeted individuals assessed for schizotypy. The current study examined associations between resilience and schizotypy features, assessed using self-report measures. Specifically, we compared 3 different resilience measures, social and occupational functioning, and 3 schizotypy measures in 3 different samples undergraduate students (n = 878), adult community members (n = 120), and an Amazon Mechanical Turk adult community members (n = 329). Data analyses consisted of correlation and regression analyses, including tests for statistical moderation. Specifically, this study found negative associations between schizotypy and both psychosocial functioning and resilience. Although we predicted resilience would moderate the relations between schizotypy and psychosocial functioning, our analyses did not provide support for a moderating role for resilience. click here We discuss our findings in terms of understanding the relations among schizotypy, resilience, and psychosocial outcome constructs. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).Cooperating with another person requires communicating intentions and coordinating behavior. People often accomplish these tasks using spoken language, but verbal communication is not always available. Here, we test the hypothesis that, to establish successful cooperative interaction, people compensate for the temporary loss of one means, verbal communication, by amplifying another, namely nonverbal expressive synchrony. Fifty-seven female dyads, half of whom were prevented from using spoken language, completed four cooperative tasks, two of which induced expressions of emotion, while their faces were filmed. The no-language dyads displayed more facial-expressive synchrony, quantified using a novel application of multidimensional dynamic time warping. We find that solutions to coordinating interaction solved by spoken language can be compensated for by synchronizing facial expressions. The findings also point to one social force-the lack of shared language-that might, in the long-term, select for cultures of increased nonverbal expressiveness and synchrony. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).Sea cucumber contains a wide range of bioactive compounds, including phenolics. This study investigated the free, esterified, and insoluble-bound phenolics of sea cucumber body wall as affected by high-pressure processing (HPP) pretreatment. Sea cucumber body wall was subjected to HPP (200, 400, and 600 MPa for 5, 10, and 15 min), followed by the extraction of phenolics. The contents of total phenolics and antioxidant activity were monitored. Compared to untreated samples, those treated with HPP exhibited significantly higher total phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant activities. Treatment of 600 MPa for 10 min offered the optimal results. The highest amount of phenolics was observed in the free phenolic fraction, followed by esterified and insoluble-bound phenolic fractions. Moreover, phenolic extracts showed inhibitory effects against cupric ion-induced low-density lipoprotein (LDL)-cholesterol oxidation, peroxyl and hydroxyl radical-induced DNA scission, α-glucosidase activity, and formation of advanced glycation end products (AGEs). Ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography equipped with a quadrupole time of fight and mass spectrometer (UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS) identified 20 phenolic compounds, mainly phenolic acids and flavonoids, from the body wall of this species for the first time. Thus, sea cucumber may lead to the production of a multitude of value-added products.The phospholipid lecithin (L) and the nonionic surfactant Tween 80 (T) are used together in various contexts, including in drug delivery and oil spill remediation. There is hence a need to elucidate the nanostructures in LT mixtures, which is the focus of this paper. We study these mixtures using cryogenic transmission electron microscopy (cryo-TEM), coupled with dynamic light scattering and small-angle neutron scattering. As the concentration of Tween 80 is increased, the vesicles formed by lecithin are transformed into spherical micelles. We identify bicelles (i.e., disc-like micelles) as well as cylindrical micelles as the key stable nanostructures formed at intermediate L/T ratios. The bicelles have diameters ∼13-26 nm, and the bicelle size decreases as the Tween 80 content increases. We propose that the lecithin lipids form the body of the discs, while the Tween 80 surfactants occupy the rims. This hypothesis is consistent with geometric arguments because lecithin is double-tailed and favors minimal curvature, whereas the single-tailed Tween 80 molecules prefer curved interfaces. In the case of cylindrical micelles, cryo-TEM reveals that the micelles are short (length less then 22 nm) and flexible. We are able to directly visualize the microstructure of the aggregates formed by lecithin-Tween 80 mixtures, thereby enhancing the understanding of morphological changes in the lecithin-Tween 80 system.Cathodoluminescence spectroscopy performed in an electron microscope has proven a versatile tool for analyzing the near- and far-field optical response of plasmonic and dielectric nanostructures. Nevertheless, the transition radiation produced by electron impact is often disregarded in the interpretation of the spectra recorded from resonant nanoparticles. Here we show, experimentally and theoretically, that transition radiation can by itself generate distinct resonances that, depending on the time-of-flight of the electron beam inside the particle, can result from constructive or destructive interference in time. Superimposed on the eigenmodes of the investigated structures, these resonances can distort the recorded spectrum and lead to potentially erroneous assignment of modal characters to the spectral features. We develop an intuitive analogy that helps distinguish between the two contributions. As an example, we focus on the case of silicon nanospheres and show that our analysis facilitates the unambiguous interpretation of experimental measurements on Mie-resonant nanoparticles.We have developed dissipative particle dynamics models for pure dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), dioleoylphosphatidylcholine (DOPC), and dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) as well as their binary and ternary mixed membranes, as coronavirus model membranes. The stabilities of pure and mixed membranes, surrounded by aqueous solutions containing up to 70 mol % ethanol (alcoholic disinfectants), have been investigated at room temperature. We found that aqueous solutions containing 5-10 mol % ethanol already have a significant weakening effect on the pure and mixed membranes. The magnitude of the effect depends on the membrane composition and the ethanol concentration. Ethanol permeabilizes the membrane, causing its lateral swelling and thickness shrinking and reducing the orientational order of the hydrocarbon tail of the bilayer. The free energy barrier for the permeation of ethanol in the bilayers is considerably reduced by the ethanol uptake. The rupture-critical ethanol concentrations causing the memal that a maximum ethanol concentration of 32 mol % (55 wt %) in the alcohol-based disinfectants is enough to disintegrate any membrane composed of these three lipids.2,5-Bis(6-methyl-2-benzoxazolyl)phenol (BMP) exhibits an ultrafast excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) when isolated in supersonic jets, whereas in condensed phases the phototautomerization is orders of magnitude slower. This unusual situation leads to nontypical photophysical characteristics dual fluorescence is observed for BMP in solution, whereas only a single emission, originating from the phototautomer, is detected for the ultracold isolated molecules. In order to understand the completely different behavior in the two regimes, detailed photophysical studies have been carried out. Kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of ESIPT were determined from stationary and transient picosecond absorption and emission for BMP in different solvents in a broad temperature range. These studies were combined with time-dependent- density functional theory quantum-chemical modeling. The excited-state double-well potential for BMP and its methyl-free analogue were calculated by applying different hybrid functionals and compared with the results obtained for another proton-transferring molecule, 2,5-bis(5-ethyl-2-benzoxazolyl)hydroquinone (DE-BBHQ).