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Neuregulin 4 (Nrg4) is a novel adipocytokine that has been proposed to play a role in modulating energy metabolism and pathogeneses of atherosclerosis. However, no published research is available about the mechanisms underlying the anti-atherosclerotic effect of Nrg4. Regarding the close link between adipocytokines and the immune system, we wonder whether there is a relation between Nrg4 and athero-protective cytokines. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between serum Nrg4 levels and type 2 cytokines in Iranian patients with coronary artery disease (CAD).

In this case-control study, 125 CAD patients were compared to 55 healthy controls. The serum concentrations of Nrg4, IL-5, IL-9, and IL-13 were measured using ELISA. The associations of circulating Nrg4 and IL-5, IL-9, IL-13 were assessed using linear regression analyses.

Serum concentration of IL-9 was significantly higher in patients compared to the healthy controls (317.9±139 versus 228.3±99.1, P= ˂0.0001). IL-13 and Nrg4 were significantly lower in patients compared to the healthy controls (4.3±3.7 versus 6.1±3.9, P=0.01 and 0.5 versus 1.3, P=0.001 respectively). EGFR-IN-7 EGFR inhibitor Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that IL-9 was negatively correlated with Nrg4 (β= -0.3, P=0.009).

Our study, for the first time, provides the clinical evidence revealing that circulating Nrg4 concentrations are inversely correlated with IL-9 in Iranian patients with CAD, suggesting that the protective role of Nrg4 on atherosclerosis may be, in part, mediated by the proatherogenic cytokine, IL-9.

Our study, for the first time, provides the clinical evidence revealing that circulating Nrg4 concentrations are inversely correlated with IL-9 in Iranian patients with CAD, suggesting that the protective role of Nrg4 on atherosclerosis may be, in part, mediated by the proatherogenic cytokine, IL-9.Arachidonic acids and its metabolites modulate plenty of ligand-gated, voltage-dependent ion channels, and metabolically regulated potassium channels including ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP). KATP channels are hetero-multimeric complexes of sulfonylureas receptors (SUR1, SUR2A or SUR2B) and the pore-forming subunits (Kir6.1 and Kir6.2) likewise expressed in the pre-post synapsis of neurons and inflammatory cells, thereby affecting their proliferation and activity. KATP channels are involved in amyloid-β (Aβ)-induced pathology, therefore emerging as therapeutic targets against Alzheimer's and related diseases. The modulation of these channels can represent an innovative strategy for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders; nevertheless, the currently available drugs are not selective for brain KATP channels and show contrasting effects. This phenomenon can be a consequence of the multiple physiological roles of the different varieties of KATP channels. Openings of cardiac and muscular KATP channel subunits, are protective against caspase-dependent atrophy in these tissues and some neurodegenerative disorders, whereas in some neuroinflammatory diseases, benefits can be obtained through the inhibition of neuronal KATP channel subunits. For example, glibenclamide exerts an anti-inflammatory effect in respiratory, digestive, urological, and central nervous system (CNS) diseases, as well as in ischemia-reperfusion injury associated with abnormal SUR1-Trpm4/TNF-α or SUR1-Trpm4/ Nos2/ROS signaling. Despite this strategy being promising, glibenclamide may have limited clinical efficacy due to its unselective blocking action of SUR2A/B subunits also expressed in cardiovascular apparatus with pro-arrhythmic effects and SUR1 expressed in pancreatic beta cells with hypoglycemic risk. Alternatively, neuronal selective dual modulators showing agonist/antagonist actions on KATP channels can be an option.Coronavirus causes severe harm to the health of both humans as well as animals, creating a major global health problem affecting millions of populations. Considering the situational emergency of identifying novel targeted therapy, we have chosen the herbal compound Adhatoda Justicia/ vasica, which is a high potent olden vital compound having a key role in various respiratory conditions with multiple beneficial uses. Adhatoda is promoted and supported by the Ministry of AYUSH for symptomatic management of respiratory ailments in the case of COVID 19. In this study, we focused on the efficacy of Adathoda primary active alkaloid, vasicine against coronavirus infectious symptoms, evaluated by in silico screening studies on virus proteins ACE 2 Receptor, 3CL protease and Spike protein SARS HR1 motif using PyRx tool and AutoDoc 1.5.6. Based on PyRx results, Vasicine with ACE 2 Receptor showed a higher docking affinity score -7.1 K/cal respectively when compared to other virus proteins. AutoDoc 1.5.6 screening study report showed that vasicine promotes good inhibitory constant 486.54 mM on 3CL protease more than others. Results reveal that vasicine could be a potential target for the treatment of COVID 19. This study adds strong evidence to the claim by the advisory released by AYUSH. Based on the results with the available literature, Adhatoda could be a drug helpful in relieving symptoms in non-- COVID cases in those who were quarantined or in lockdown pace, thereby reducing pandemic panic in confirmed asymptomatic or mild cases. For usage in moderate to severe cases, this could be an add-on therapy with existing modern medical therapy.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), as attractive hybrid crystalline porous materials, are being increasingly investigated in biomedical applications owing to their exceptional properties, including high porosity, ultrahigh surface areas, tailorable composition and structure, and tunability and surface functionality. Of interest, in this review, is the design and development of MOF-based drug delivery systems (DDSs) that have excellent biocompatibility, good stability under physiological conditions, high drug loading capacity, and controlled/targeted drug release.

This review highlights the latest advances in MOFs as anticancer drug delivery systems (DDSs) along with insights on their design, fabrication, and performance under different stimuli that are either internal or external. The synthesis methods of MOFs, along with their advantages and disadvantages, are briefly discussed. The emergence of multifunctional MOF-based theranostic platforms is also discussed. Finally, the future challenges facing the devs of each method. Furthermore, the review highlighted and discussed the latest developments in the field of MOF-based DDSs and theranostic platforms. The review is focused on the characteristics of MOF-based DDSs, the encapsulation of different anticancer drugs as well as their stimuli-responsive release.

This review presented a summary of the various methods utilized in MOF's synthesis along with the advantages and disadvantages of each method. Furthermore, the review highlighted and discussed the latest developments in the field of MOF-based DDSs and theranostic platforms. The review is focused on the characteristics of MOF-based DDSs, the encapsulation of different anticancer drugs as well as their stimuli-responsive release.

In previous studies, we provided evidence suggesting the involvement of γ-synuclein in growth, invasion, and metastasis of colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo. Among γ-synuclein downstream genes, the microtubule-associated protein 1 Light Chain 3 (LC3), an autophagy gene, was screened by gene expression profile chip analysis.

We planned to investigate the functional effects of γ-synuclein on autophagy induced by ER stress in colon cancer cells.

We investigated the functional effects of γ-synuclein on autophagy and apoptosis induced by Thapsigargin (TG), ER stress-inducing agent, in colon cancer cell lines using immunofluorescence staining, RT-PCR, western blot, CCK8 test, flow cytometry analysis, and transmission electron microscopy. To further determine how γ-synuclein regulated autophagy and apoptosis, PD98059 (ERK inhibitor), SP600125 (ERK inhibitor), anisomycin (JNK activator), and c-Jun siRNA were used respectively in γ-synuclein siRNA transfected HCT116 cells. Then, autophagy proteins, apoptosr mechanism for γ-synuclein-mediated CRC progression.

Overall, we provided the first experimental evidence to show that γ-synuclein may play an important role in autophagy that protects colon cancer cells from ER stress. Therefore, our data suggest a new molecular mechanism for γ-synuclein-mediated CRC progression.

The benzimidazole and their derivatives have rich biological relevance with respect to available natural amino acids and their role in protein folding and quaternary conformations. Thus the ligand trizbenzim and their Cu(II) and Zn(II) metal complexes were prepared to induce G-quadruplex conformation even under no-salt conditions with remarkable anticancer activities.

The ligand N,N',N-Tris-(1H-benzoimidazol-2-ylmethyl)-[1,3,5]triazine-2,4,6-triamine ( trizbenzim) and its Cu and Zn complexes (Cu-trizbenzim, Zn-trizbenzim) were synthesized and characterized by IR, NMR, and MALDI-TOF techniques. The pure ligand and its complexes interacted with human telomere DNA sequence d(TTAGGG), HTelo8and HTelo20and the interactions were followed by circular dichroism spectroscopy, FID assay, and molecular docking techniques. The compounds were tested for anticancer activity towards selected cell lines.

All the three compounds stabilized the HTelo8 and HTelo20 in parallel and antiparallel G-quadruplex conformations in comparison to the pure ligand and the Zntrizbenzim complex. The IC

values were in the nanomolar range from 50 to 150nM in concentration.

This novel self-induction of G-quadruplex is novel without the presence of alkali metal ions.

This novel self-induction of G-quadruplex is novel without the presence of alkali metal ions.

Dimedone is considered as one of the most important classes of compounds belonging to cyclohexan-1,3-dione. Such groups of compounds were considered as precursors for many pharmaceutically active heterocyclic compounds.

The target molecules in this work were synthesized from arylhydrazones of dimedone with different substituents enhancing the study of their structure-activity relationship.

Arylhydrazones of dimedones were subjected to a series of heterocyclization reactions affording annulated compounds. The anti-proliferative activities of the synthesized molecules were evaluated against six cancer cell lines. In addition, inhibitions toward tyrosine kinases, Pim-1 kinases and PAINS of the most active compounds were also studied. c-Met enzymatic inhibitions and molecular docking studies were carried out for three compounds.

Anti-cancer evaluations together with tyrosine and Pim-1 kinases of most of the synthesized compounds were carried out through this work. The study revealed that changing of substituents had a strong impact on the activity of the molecule.

Many of the synthesized compounds exhibited high inhibitions towards the six cancer cell lines. This will encourage further work through the synthesis of target molecules with the same ring systems. The three compounds 7b, 8c and 12b that revealed excellent inhibitions were tested against c-Met kinase and their molecular modelling was expressed.

Many of the synthesized compounds exhibited high inhibitions towards the six cancer cell lines. This will encourage further work through the synthesis of target molecules with the same ring systems. The three compounds 7b, 8c and 12b that revealed excellent inhibitions were tested against c-Met kinase and their molecular modelling was expressed.