Wintherhelbo8223

In addition to the above proficiency tests, data were gathered via motivation questionnaire, autonomous learning scale and student interviews. The results revealed no washback of TOEFL iBT exam on students' motivation regardless of their proficiency level. No washback was also observed on students' autonomy except for A2 level DDP students who had higher level of autonomy than the A2 level UPP students. Finally, the two groups used more similar than different language learning strategies while practicing the four language skills. The findings afford pedagogical implications for the use of high-stakes tests in English preparatory programs.Pectinase is an enzyme having a broad industrial and commercial application. However, higher production costs may be the major constraint for the wide-scale application of pectinase. Therefore, researchers are trying to reduce the pectinase production cost for subsequent application in the industrial processes by using a unique substrate and optimizing the fermentation medium components and process conditions. The main purpose of the current study was to optimize medium composition for pectinase production using Aspergillus niger-ATCC 1640 in the solid-state fermentation. The Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was performed to evaluate the effects of variables, specifically the concentrations of Satkara peel, urea, (NH4)2PO4, NH4NO3, KH2PO4, ZnSO4, and MgSO4.7H2O on pectinase production in the solid substrate. Firstly, a two-factorial design, Plackett-Burman design (PBD) was applied to screen the variables that significantly influenced the pectinase production. After finding the critical variables, 15 experimental runs were carried out using a Box-Behnken design (BBD) to derive a statistical model for optimizing the concentrations of the selected variables. The PBD model revealed that Satkara peel, urea, and (NH4)2SO4 significantly affected the pectinase production. RSM results indicated that the predicted response for pectinase production was in good agreement with experimental data (R2 = 0.9836). Under the optimized condition of Satkara peel (8.4 g/L), urea (0.5 g/L), and (NH4)2SO4 (2.7 g/L), the pectinase activity was predicted to be 0.6178 μmol/mL. In the present study, the experimental pectinase production achieved 0.6045 μmol/mL. The study revealed that optimization through RSM could improve the pectinase production from Satkara peel.Triassic carbonate rocks of Pha Kan and Doi Long Formations of Lampang Group consist mostly of carbonate successions deposited in the Sukhothai Zone, northern Thailand. These formations are mixed carbonate and siliciclastic sediments and widely exposed in the Lampang area. These deposits are important for the reconstruction of depositional environments and regional correlations of the Triassic carbonate rocks with respect to the volcanic arc of the Sukhothai Zone during the Triassic. The goal of this study is to analyze the lithology and microfacies of the carbonate rocks of the Pha Kan and Doi Long Formations and reevaluate the existing depositional models and carbonate settings. Both formations have diverse skeletal fossils, including foraminifers, sponges, calcimicrobes, calcareous algae, bivalves, echinoderm spines and fragments, ostracods, gastropods, and other fossils. Based on field observations and microfacies analysis, twelve major facies, corresponding to specific depositional environments within a carbonate setting, have been established. The inferred depositional environment is a carbonate platform with a well-developed lagoon, small-scale reefs, and bioclastic and oolitic shoals, as parts of a carbonate ramp. The microfacies and sedimentological study show that this carbonate system was influenced by the nearby volcanic arc. Consequently, our study shows that the Lampang Group in northern Thailand can be correlated with the Lincang Massif of the western Yunnan Province, PRC and the northwestern Lao PDR.

Tossa jute

is a natural fibre crop produces good quality fiber having great demand for industrial uses. High yielding tossa jute variety is very important in Bangladesh.

Bangladesh Jute Research Institute (BJRI) has developed a new tossa jute variety (BJRI Tossa Pat 7) through pure line selection (PLS) from another pre-released variety named OM-1 during 2017. The new variety was evaluated for fiber yield and attributing phonological traits through comparing with another pre-released variety named BJRI Tossa Pat 5 (O-795) in RCB design at six locations during 2015-2018.

Distinct morphological traits i.e. ovate lanceolate glossy leaves; full green plant were found in MG-1 and stem & stipule red; ovate lanceolate leaves in O-795. MG-1 showed higher fiber yield (3.39-3.40 t ha

) where, O-795 showed 3.10-3.22 t ha

as means of their maximum performances for three years at both farmers' plots and research fields. MG-1 gave higher plant height, base diameter, fiber yield than O-795 at both research stations and farmers' fields. Even after sowing at 10-15 March, MG-1 gave late flowering; lower leaf size, leaf angle, green leaf biomass and node number; maximum inter-nodal length, bark diameter, bark thickness and fiber bundle cells; and finally golden bright quality fiber than O-795. If both varieties were sown at 2

to 3

week of March, and harvested at 110 days old, MG-1 gave 5-7% higher fiber yield than O-795.

Undoubtedly, MG-1 is a good tossa jute variety for its fiber yield and quality than pre-released varieties.

MG-1 having good fiber yield would be used for commercial cultivation by the farmers to contribute to the national economy.

MG-1 having good fiber yield would be used for commercial cultivation by the farmers to contribute to the national economy.Soil fauna plays a key role in organic matter decomposition. Litter decomposition depends on the relationships of soil fauna and microorganisms as well as climate and litter quality. The decomposer community is sensitive to land use. see more Thus, physical-chemical disturbances, like soil tillage, can exercise important control on the soil fauna. In order to study the effect of land use and its impact on litter decomposition by soil fauna, a litter-bag experiment was conducted in the Pampa Serrana region, Azul district, Argentina. Litter-bags were made in three different mesh-sizes, allowing the access of micro, micro + meso and micro + meso + macrofauna. Four different treatments were defined naturalized grassland and three agricultural agroecosystems under different tillage systems, i.e., conservation tillage, conventional-conservation tillage and conventional tillage. Decomposition rate and remaining litter were measured across three different seasons. We found that naturalized grassland obtained the highest decomposition rates and the least remaining litter compared to conservation and conventional tillage systems. No difference in litter decomposition was identified among agricultural agroecosystems. Micro + meso + macrofauna presented the highest decomposition rate and the lowest remaining litter of soil fauna groups, in all agroecosystems. In contrast, microfauna decomposition rate was the lowest and produced the highest remaining litter. Micro + mesofauna presented values of decomposition rate and remaining litter that differed significantly from the rest of the groups in some seasons. These results highlight the importance of soil fauna in litter decomposition and the negative effects of different land use systems on litter decomposition by soil fauna.Plant derived cysteine proteinases (CPs) have long been known to possess anthelmintic properties but have attracted renewed attention recently because of the acute need to discover novel methods for controlling helminth infections as a result of increasing drug resistance. However, surprisingly little is known about the stability of these proteins under typical storage and in vivo exposure conditions. We found that CPs in a supernatant preparation from papaya latex (PLS) were stable during the initial refinement process and when stored under low temperatures, but lost activity during dialysis and within 7 days of storage when kept at ambient temperature (18-20 °C). The enzyme activity in PLS was not affected by repeated freeze-thaw cycles and was also stable under typical in vitro assay conditions at 37 °C used for quantifying effects on helminths. Active enzyme activity was still detectable in the colon 3-4 h after oral administration in rodent models.In big data-based analyses, because of hyper-dimensional feature spaces, there has been no previous distinction between machine learning algorithms (MLAs). Therefore, multiple diverse algorithms should be included in the analysis to develop an adequate model for detecting/recognizing patterns exhibited by classes. If multiple classifiers are developed, the next natural step is to determine whether the prediction benchmark set by the top performer can be improved by combining them. In this context, multiple classifier systems (MCSs) are powerful solutions for difficult pattern recognition problems because they usually outperform the best individual classifier, and their diversity tends to improve resilience and robustness to high-dimensional and noisy data. To design an MCS, an appropriate fusion method is required to optimally combine the individual classifiers and determine the final decision. Process monitoring for quality is a Quality 4.0 initiative aimed at defect detection via binary classification. Because most mature organizations have merged traditional quality philosophies, their processes generate only a few defects per million of opportunities. Therefore, manufacturing data sets for binary classification of quality tends to be highly/ultra-unbalanced. Detecting these rare quality events is one of the most relevant intellectual challenges posed to the fourth industrial revolution, Industry 4.0 (I 4.0). A new MCS aimed at analyzing these data structures is presented. It is based on eight well-known MLAs, an ad hoc fitness function, and a novel meta-learning algorithm. For predicting the final quality class, this algorithm considers the prediction from a set of classifiers as input and determines which classifiers are reliable and which are not. Finally, to demonstrate the superiority of the MLAs over extensively used fusion rules, multiple publicly available data sets are analyzed.Tetrahydroquinoline (THQ) is an important structure for synthesizing multiple biologically active derivatives. Thus, we developed new quinoline derivatives and investigated them as anticancer agents. First, infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and other techniques were used to confirm the structure of synthesized compounds. Then, they were assessed in vitro against three human cancer cell lines. Consequently, four compounds, 10, 13, 15, and 16, were identified as promising anticancer agents with pyrazolo quinoline derivative (15) exhibiting the highest potential IC50 and a strong apoptotic effect on three cell lines.Petroleum refinery wastewater combined with domestic sewage were collected from the open channel in the vicinity of Mathura oil refinery, UP (India) and analysed by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) for elemental analysis and organic pollutants, respectively. Several potentially toxic and non-toxic elements were found to be present in the wastewater samples. GC-MS analysis revealed the presence of several organic contaminants including pesticides. Wastewater samples were extracted using amberlite XAD4/8 resins and liquid-liquid extraction procedures using different organic solvents. The extracts were tested for their cyto-genotoxic potential using bacterial (Salmonella mutagenicity test, E. coli K-12 DNA repair defective mutants, Bacteriophage λ assay) and plant (Vigna mungo phytotoxicity test, Allium cepa chromosomal aberration assay) systems. A significant increase was observed in the number of revertants of TA97a, TA98 and TA100 strains with the test samples and XAD concentrated samples were found to be more mutagenic than liquid-liquid extracts.