Willisabdi1580

Characterization of the adsorbent using FTIR, SEM, EDS and XPS techniques suggested that the possible adsorption mechanisms were electrostatic attraction as well as ligand exchange. More importantly, the La-CTS-1X had rapid removal rate for phosphate within 10 min and the remained P concentration met the permissible limit by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Magnetically immobilized papain is prepared by magnetic Fe3O4/P (GMA-EDGMA-St) composite carrier with the addition of 12.0 mg/mL papain, 5.0% glutaraldehyde and 4 hour reaction time. The characteristic absorption peaks of each functional group were shown by infrared light. The X-diffraction pattern showed six main diffraction peaks with a magnetization value of 37.60 emu/g. TEM and SEM showed that free papain was immobilized on the magnetic carrier with an average particle size of 196 nm. The concentration of the enzyme was 122.25 mg/g, enzyme activity recovery was 55,263 U/g, compared with the free enzyme, the magnetically immobilized papain indicated higher acid-base tolerance and thermal stability, pH tolerance increased from 7.0 to 8.0, temperature tolerance increased from 60 °C to 65 °C. The magnetically immobilized papain was added to the rice bran under the condition that every gram of rice bran is submerged in 6 g of phosphate buffer solution. The magnetically immobilized papain was 0.36 mg/g, and the passivation time was 120 min. The relative activity of lipase in rice bran was 19.93%. After repeated use eight times, the relative activity of magnetically immobilized papain remained above 72%. V.In polymer therapeutics, polymer-based carrier systems conjugated with antioxidants have been synthesized and studied to improve diagnosis and treatment of diseases, such as, in cancer and tumor. The natural bioactive compound hyaluronic acid (HA), which is essential in medical and pharmaceutical fields, is a linear polymer composed of repeating disaccharide units of β-1,3-N-acetyl glucosamine and β-1,4-glucuronic acid. In this study, HA fractions of enzyme-assisted glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) extract from Liparis tessellatus eggs were grafted with gallic acid (GA), caffeic acid (CA), and ferulic acid (FA) via a free radical-mediated method, and with nisin via amide bond formation. The modification has been confirmed through FTIR and 1H NMR spectroscopy and quantified by Folin-Ciocalteu and Bradford assay. FTIR spectra of grafted HA samples exhibited the typical phenolic characteristics within 1450-1650 cm-1, and the formation of amide bond in nisin-grafted HA was shown by absorption peak within 1545-1646 cm-1. 1H NMR spectra showed new peaks of phenyl protons at 6.3-7.7 ppm and new peaks at 0.9-2.9 ppm of amino acids residues protons. These results all confirmed the successful grafting of GA, CA, FA and nisin onto the HA backbone extracted from L. tessellatus eggs. Two neutral polysaccharides (PSNP-1, 104.7 kDa; PSNP-2, 24.5 kDa) were isolated from the pulp of Pyrus sinkiangensis Yu. by using the combined techniques of ion-exchange and gel permeation chromatography. According to the IR, NMR spectra, monosaccharide composition, and methylation analyses, PSNP-1 was mainly composed of glucose and xylose residues, which form a typical xyloglucan. PSNP-2 contained an arabinan region composed of 1,5-linked Araf residues, a xyloglucan region that was mainly composed of t-, 1,2-linked Xylp, and 1,4-, 1,4,6-linked Glcp residues. PSNP-1 and PSNP-2 could stimulate the cell viability, NO release, and cytokine secretion (IL-6 and TNF-α) of RAW264.7 macrophages at the adosage of 250 μg/mL. It was suggested that PSNP-1 and PSNP-2 may increase macrophage-mediated immunostimulatory activity. V.Under hydrothermal condition, kenaf cellulose carbamate (KCC) was synthesized using urea and kenaf core pulp (KCP) without catalyst and organic solvent. The KCC was prepared with various urea/KCP ratios (21, to 41 and 61) with the aid of autoclave and oil bath, whereas the regenerated KCC membranes were formed via solution casting method. The physical and thermal properties of KCC were studied. The urea/KCP ratio used in preparing KCC corresponds with the nitrogen percentage obtained in KCC. The formation of the regenerated KCC membranes could be confirmed by the existence of cellulose II through X-ray diffraction (XRD) study. As examined by Field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), the regenerated KCC membranes possessed the greater pore size structures at higher urea concentration. Mechanical results showed the tensile strength and modulus of regenerated KCC membranes have improved up to 43.4% and 76.9%, respectively, as compared to native KCP membrane. It can be concluded from the findings that synthesizing KCC and its membranes with improved mechanical properties has broad prospects for potential industrial applications such as biomembranes and packaging materials. V.A novel approach in fabricating anionic inter-polymeric complex polysaccharide bio-platform with enhanced mechanical, structural and chemical properties for burn wound dressings. This approach implies a facile, insitu method to design soft nano-floral inter-polymeric complexes. AZD3229 mw In particular, sodium alginate (SA) and kappa-carrageenan (k-Ca) treated silver salt results in nano-floral inter-polymeric complex with self-stability. SEM images depict nano-floral complexes with surface plasmon resonance at 412-425 nm. These were resistant towards Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli bacterium. These nano-floral complexes were then subjected to wound closure diameter and histological analysis. Designed polymeric complexes enhanced exudate absorption thus promotes effective proliferation, the appearance of compact fibrous arrangement and hair follicles i.e. facilitates healing for second-degree burn wound. Pasting and rheological properties of starch from soft rice and two traditional rice varieties were analyzed. Soft rice starch was found to have a low pasting temperature of 67.2 °C, with a high system viscosity, including peak and trough viscosity. The storage modulus and loss modulus of soft rice starch were high and showed good viscoelasticity. The amylose content of soft rice starch was found to be 11.3%, classifying it was low amylose content type. Compared with japonica rice starch, soft rice starch had lower solubility but higher swelling power, gel consistency, and water binding capacity. The medium particle size and volume mean particle size of soft rice starch were the highest. The average molecular weight of soft rice starch was 5.4 × 107. The molecular density and proportion of short amylopectin side chains, with a range of 6-12, were the highest among all varieties tested. These findings provide a theoretical basis for the processing of soft rice starch and breeding of high-quality rice.