Williamross1312

As Fe content was more than specification of Al6061 alloy, 0.7 wt.%, the mechanical properties, especially, hardness and elongation were greatly influenced. The hardness is attributed to the poor densification and angular-shaped Al13Fe₄ phases unevenly distributed in the α-Al matrix.For this paper, we manufactured the 0.6/1 kV 3-core cable using metal-coated carbon fiber (MCF), which can be utilized for a cable screen layer. This cable can be applied to non-earthed system, and has a shielding property of more than 90% of braiding density. However, new joints and methods are needed to connect the cables because carbon fiber has brittleness. Thus, the cable connection added a spring to the contact surface, reducing resistance and fiber brittleness. These cables and connection methods were evaluated for safety in a certain temperature, humidity and over-current environments. JAK drugs From the results, the change of the external shape and contact resistance of the cable and the joint against the humidity and temperature were not significant, and the insulation breakdown did not occur in the withstanding voltage property of 3.5 kV for 5 min. No thermal deformation of the cable and connections was observed at the current above the allowable current range; it can be used as stable as metal screen cable.We investigated the effect of a sacrificial AlN layer on the deep energy level states of 4H-SiC surface. The samples with and without AlN layer have been annealed at 1300 °C for 30 minutes duration using a tube furnace. After annealing the samples, the changes of the carbon vacancy (VC) related Z1/2 defect characteristics were analyzed by deep level transient spectroscopy. The trap energy associated with double negative acceptor (VC(2-/0)) appears at ˜0.7 eV and was reduced from ˜0.687 to ˜0.582 eV in the sacrificial AlN layer samples. In addition, the capture cross section was significantly improved from ˜2.1×10-14 to ˜3.8×10-16 cm-2 and the trap concentration was reduced by approximately 40 times.In this study, a [0001]-plane planar-type ZnO ceramic powder material with a high aspect ratio ranging from 201-501 is synthesized using the electrolyte collected from zinc air battery power generation. This high aspect ratio may be due to the Zn(OH)2-₄ anion dissolved in the electrolyte. The obtained planar-type ZnO exhibits excellent formulation stability and applicability, even when formulated as a cosmetic with a single inorganic ingredient. Compared to commercial ZnO or TiO₂ powders, relatively better protection against infrared and ultraviolet (UV) radiation is realized due to its asymmetric characteristics, with a width of approximately 1 μm and thickness of tens of nm. The synthesized planar-type ZnO is mixed with nanosized ZnO or TiO₂ commercial powders and formulated into various combinations to achieve a high UV protection rate and heat-blocking effect. In particular, the addition of planar-type ZnO to nanosized TiO₂ powders increases the heat-blocking effect, and improves the applicability and formulation stability of the cosmetic formulation, despite the decrease in turbidity. Among all the ceramic powder combinations examined in this study, the best UV protection rate and heat-blocking effect are obtained when the synthesized planar-type ZnO is mixed with microsized and nanosized TiO₂.Low-cost Ni-based catalysts have been widely used for urea oxidation in direct urea fuel cells. However, they suffer from issues such as high overpotential, poor stability, and low activity. Herein, we demonstrate the synthesis of a highly porous nanostructured Ni-Co@C catalyst for efficient electrooxidation of urea, via the calcination of Co-doped Ni-based metal-organic framework (Ni/Co-MOF). The porosity of the MOF-derived particles is considerably higher than the Ni/Co-MOF precursor. Furthermore, the Co doping at 30 mol% significantly increases the peak current density and reduces the overpotential of the electro-oxidation of urea. A urea/H₂O₂ fuel cell with Ni0.7Co0.3@C as the anode exhibits maximum power density of 3.4 and 20.0 mW cm-2 with 0.5 M urea in 5 M KOH as anolyte at 25 and 80 °C, respectively. Thus, this work suggests that the highly porous Ni-Co@C catalysts derived from MOF templates can be used for urea oxidation and as efficient anode materials for urea-based fuel cells.Here we report an optical fiber sensor capable of performing strain-insensitive simultaneous measurement of bending and temperature using a long-period fiber grating (LPFG) inscribed on doubleclad fiber (DCF) with a CO₂ laser at ˜10.6 μm. The LPFG inscribed on DCF, referred to as a DC-LPFG, was fabricated by scanning CO₂ laser pulses on an unjacketed DCF with a specific period. Due to co-directional mode coupling, the fabricated DC-LPFG has discrete attenuation bands widely distributed over hundreds of nanometers. Among these wavelength-dependent loss dips, adjacent two dips with different resonance wavelengths were selected as sensor indicators for the measurement of bending and temperature. For these two indicator dips designated as dips A and B, their bending and temperature responses were investigated in a curvature range of 4.90 to 21.91 m-1 and a temperature range of 30 to 110 °C. With increasing bending applied to the DC-LPFG at room temperature, dips A and B showed different blue shifts. The bending son the measurement results of bending and temperature. Thus, it is concluded that the fabricated DC-LPFG can be employed as a cost-effective sensor head for strain-insensitive separate measurement of bending and temperature.Herein, indium-tin-oxide (ITO) thin films are prepared by a solution-based spin-coating process followed by a heat-treatment process with microwave irradiation (MWI). The structural, electrical and optical properties of the films are investigated. The properties of the microwave-irradiated sol-gel ITO films are compared with those of as-spun ITO films and sol-gel ITO films subjected to conventional furnace annealing (CFA) or a rapid thermal process (RTP). After microwave irradiation, the sol-gel ITO thin films are found to have crystallized, and they indicate enhanced conductivity and transparency. Furthermore, the resistances of the ITO films are decreased considerably at increased microwave power levels, and the resistivity of the films almost saturate even at a low microwave power of 500 W. The improved physical properties of the MW-irradiated samples are mainly due to the increase in the electron concentration of the ITO films and the increase in the carrier mobility after MWI.