Willardpugh9891

Therefore, the as-developed colorimetric sensor has broad application prospects in the field of medical diagnosis and portable detection.The bridging N atom in g-C3N4 structure plays a decisive role in photo-generated charge transfer because it usually confines photo-generated electrons and holes in each heptazine, thus leading to severe recombination. In this work, a kind of 2-aminoterephthalic acid-derived benzene ring group with rich π-electrons was considered to integrate with bridging N to break the above-mentioned confining effect. On the basis of density-functional theory calculations and experimental analysis, this 2-aminoterephthalic acid-derived bridging structure facilitated to draw photo-generated charge out of heptazine unit, and its polarized asymmetric structure promoted the directional transfer of photo-generated charge carriers across adjacent heptazines, thus efficiently reducing the recombination. Meanwhile, the 2-aminoterephthalic acid-derived bridging structure also reinforced the connectivity of heptazine units in g-C3N4 framework and led to high degree of polymerization, which thus extended the π-conjugated electronic system of g-C3N4 and modulated the band structure favoring photocatalytic hydrogen production. Consequently, a high photocatalytic H2-production activity of 24,595 μmol h-1 gcat-1 was achieved on the bridging regulated g-C3N4 under visible light, with an apparent quantum yield of 48.7% at 425 nm.In the present study, an innovative carbon self-doped g-C3N4 (CCN) loaded with ultra-low CeO2 (0.067-0.74 wt%) composite photocatalyst is successfully synthesized via a facile one-pot hydrothermal and calcination method. The CeO2/CCN exhibits superior photocatalytic performance for tetracycline degradation (78.9% within 60 min), H2O2 production (151.92 μmol L-1 within 60 min), and Cr(VI) reduction (99.5% within 40 min), which much higher than that of g-C3N4, CCN, CeO2, and CeO2/g-C3N4. The enhanced photocatalytic performance is originated from the fact that the doping of C can efficaciously broaden the utilization range of solar light and improve the reduction ability of photogenerated electrons. Meanwhile, the ultra-low loading of CeO2 can effectually promote the migration of photogenerated electrons and enhance the specific surface area. Besides, the experiments of pH effect and cycle ability indicate that CeO2/CCN has excellent durability and stability. Finally, the photocatalytic mechanism of CeO2/CCN is systematically discussed. This work proves that combining element doping and semiconductor coupling is a promising strategy to design high-efficiency g-C3N4-based photocatalysts.For the first time, CdS quantum dots (QDs)-decorated InOOH (CdS-In for short) was synthesized by a facile photodeposition method. The experiment results showed that CdS-In samples exhibited excellent activity and stability towards photocatalytic reduction of nitro aromatics. The conversion ratio of 4-nitroaniline (4-NA) over CdS-In sample that was prepared with photodeposition time of 120 min (CdS-In-120) reached up to 99.4% under visible light irradiation for 40 min, which was even higher than that achieved over commercial CdS (86.2%). Besides the significant enhancement of visible light absorption, quantum sized CdS were decorated evenly on the surface of InOOH, which was very beneficial for the high activity. Furthermore, the heterogeneous junction formed at the interface of CdS QDs and InOOH can significantly increase the separation efficiency of photogenerated charge carriers. Active species control experiment and electron spin resonance (ESR) technique have proved that photogenerated electrons are the main active species towards photocatalytic reduction of nitro aromatics. It is anticipated that our study would offer meaningful insights for exploring novel InOOH-based visible light photocatalysts towards efficient reduction of nitro aromatics.The biocatalytic epoxidation of ethanolamides of ω-3 fatty acids EPA and DHA, regarded as biologically active ω-3 endocannabinoids, in the presence of a peroxygenase-containing preparation from oat flour was investigated. Good regio- and steroselectivity toward the formation of the epoxide on the terminal double bond in the chain was observed with both these fatty acid derivatives and chiral monoepoxides 1 or 2 in 74% optical purity and 51-53% yields were isolated and spectroscopically characterized. The use of acetone as cosolvent in the reaction medium allowed to increase the concentration of starting substrates up to 40 mM and to further improve the selectivity in the epoxidation of DHA-EA. Due to the easy availability of the enzymatic preparation, the method offers a valuable strategy for the access to oxyfunctionalized derivatives of fatty acids.Food waste has attracted wide attention around the world. A better understanding of food waste generation and consumers' willingness to pay (WTP) for effective food waste management is important for addressing growing food waste challenges, but this is still largely missing in the literature, especially for developing countries and cities in Asia. In this study, we conducted field interviews and questionnaire surveys, with effective samples of 463 residents and 18 restaurants in Macau. Our results show that over 80% of respondents think food waste in Macau is serious. "Food exceeded expiration date (28.2%)" and "Ordering too much food (39.5%)" are the two main reasons for throwing away food at home and when eating out, respectively. Vegetables and fruits (22.4%) are the most common type of food wasted at home, followed by snacks (17.3%), in Macau. About 70% of respondents agreed to pay for separate food waste collection and treatment facilities, and the WTP value per household in Macau is 42.5 MOP (Macau Pataca)/month. Respondents' income level was positively and significantly correlated with their WTP, while age and educational level had negative effects on the WTP, under the 5% significance level. Some respondents' perceptions and attitudes on food waste also significantly affected their WTP, according to our analysis. Because of the lack of effective management measures and collection facilities, about 72% of surveyed restaurants mixed their food waste into municipal solid waste (MSW). More information sharing, education and promotion should be done to raise environmental protection awareness and improve the food waste treatment system.Estrogenic compounds enter waterways via effluents from wastewater treatment works (WWTW), thereby indicating a potential risk to organisms inhabiting adjacent receiving waters. However, little is known about the loads or concentrations of estrogenic compounds that enter Australian WWTWs, the efficiency of removing estrogenic compounds throughout the various stages of tertiary WWTW processes (which are common in Australia), nor the concentrations released into estuarine or marine receiving waters, and the associated risk for aquatic taxa residing in these environments. Therefore, seven estrogenic compounds, comprising the natural estrogens estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2) and estriol (E3), the synthetic estrogen (EE2), and the industrial chemicals bisphenol A (BPA), 4-t-octyl phenol (4-t-OP) and 4-nonyl phenol (4-NP), in wastewater samples were quantified via liquid chromatographic-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) after solid-phase extraction at different stages of wastewater treatment and associated receiving water 0.0218) as well as shoreline samples (HI = 0.393 to 0.522) in the receiving estuarine or marine waters.For more than 50 years, aluminum (Al)-salts have been used with varying degrees of success to inactivate excess mobile phosphorus (P) in lake sediments and restore lake water quality. Here, we analyzed the factors influencing effectiveness and longevity of Al-treatments performed in six Swedish lakes over the past 25 years. Trends in post-treatment measurements of total phosphorus (TP), Chlorophyll a (Chl_a), Secchi disk depth (SD) and internal P loading rates (Li) were analyzed and compared to pre-treatment conditions. All measured water quality parameters improved significantly during at least the first 4 years post-treatment and determination of direct effects of Al-treatment on sediment P release (Li) was possible for three lakes. Improvements in TP (-29 to -80%), Chl_a (-50 to -78%), SD (7 to 121%) and Li (-68 to -94%) were observed. Treatment longevity, determined via decreases in surface water TP after treatment, varied from 7 to >47 years. selleck chemicals Lake type, Al dose, and relative watershed area were related to longevity. In addition, greater binding efficiency between Al and P was positively related to treatment longevity, which has not previously been shown. Our findings also demonstrate that adequate, long-term monitoring programs, including proper determination of external loads, are crucial to document the effect of Al-treatment on sediment P release and lake water quality.The accumulation of volatile fatty acids, particularly propionic acid, significantly inhibits the efficiency of the anaerobic digestion system. In propionate degradation metabolism, the unfavorable thermodynamics of syntrophic reactions, strict ecological niche of syntrophic priopionate oxidizing bacteria, and slow metabolic rate of methanogens are regarded as major limitations. In this study, Geobacter sulfurreducens was co-cultured with Syntrophobacter fumaroxidans in bioelelectrochemical cells to analyze the propionate degradation process, impact factor, mechanism metabolic pathways, and electron transfer comprehensively. The results revealed that the syntroph S. fumaroxidans and syntrophic partner G. sulfurreducens achieved more efficient propionate degradation than the control group, comprising S. fumaroxidans and methanogens. Moreover, the carbon resource concentration and pH were both significantly correlated with propionate degradation (P less then 0.01). The results further confirmed that G. sulfurreducen strengthened the consumption of H2 and acetate via direct interspecific electron transfer in propionate degradation. These findings indicate that G. sulfurreducens plays an unidentified functional role in propionate degradation.

We hypothesize that in addition to specimen margin widths other clinical variables may help predict the presence of residual disease in the lumpectomy bed.

Patients with Stage I-III invasive breast cancer (BC) who underwent partial mastectomy (PM) and re-excision from July 2010-June 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Bivariate analyses were conducted using two-sample t-tests for continuous variables and Fisher's Exact tests for categorical variables. A multivariate logistic regression was then performed on significant bivariate analyses variables.

ne-hundred and eighty-four patients were included in our analysis; 47% had residual disease on re-excision, while 53% had no residual disease. Tumor and nodal stage, operation type, type of disease present at margin, and number of positive margins were significantly associated with residual disease. On multivariate logistic regression, DCIS alone at the margin (p=0.02), operation type (PM with cavity margins) (p=0.003), and number of positive margins (3 or more) (p<0.