Willadsenparsons9853

Wise Man Approach included the help sought and received by foreign returned doctors from their senior colleagues in managing and adjusting to societal norms regarding professional behaviours in Pakistan.

There are multiple dissimilarities between the socio cultural aspects, practices and knowledge of foreign returned and local medical practitioners. There exists a gap in knowledge with regards to their clinical practice between foreign returned and local doctors. To authors knowledge foreign returned doctors face substantial challenges with adjustment in Pakistan.

There are multiple dissimilarities between the socio cultural aspects, practices and knowledge of foreign returned and local medical practitioners. There exists a gap in knowledge with regards to their clinical practice between foreign returned and local doctors. To authors knowledge foreign returned doctors face substantial challenges with adjustment in Pakistan.

Adolescent pregnancies are known to be associated with adverse outcomes. Our objective was to compare pregnancy outcomes amongst adolescents (young adolescents YA 15-17 years; older adolescents OA 18- 19 years) and young adults (20 to 25 years).

Study was conducted at the Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi. Ten-year retrospective record review was done through convenience sampling. Data was collected on predesigned proforma. Participants were 396 primiparous adolescents (15-19 years) with singleton low-risk pregnancy. Reference-group included 410 primiparous, low-risk, young adults. Pregnancies complicated with preexisting diabetes mellitus, chronic hypertension, renal disorders or cardiac diseases were excluded. Maternal /neonatal outcomes were compared amongst groups.

Out of 806 charts reviewed, 75 (9.3%) were YA, 321 (39.8%) were OA and 410 (50.9%) were 20-25 years old young adults. Most of the un-booked cases were in young adolescents; 17 (22.7% YA), 41 (12.8% OA) and 33 (8.0% reference -group) (p-value 0.001). This group also booked at a later gestational age; YA (19.6±10.4 weeks), OA (17.2±9.3 weeks) and controls (15.5n±8.8 weeks) (p-value 0.002). Gestational age at delivery was not significantly different among the groups. Adolescents had a decreased likelihood of Caesarian section with youngest group having 29% less chance of Caesarian delivery (OR 95% CI 0.41, 0.2) compared to women of 20-25 years of age. Vismodegib Difference in maternal/neonatal outcomes remained insignificant between groups at univariate and multivariate analysis.

Maternal/neonatal outcomes in adolescents were comparable to young adults. Good antenatal care, evidence-based protocols and strong family backing may reduce risks to mothers/babies in adolescent pregnancies.

Maternal/neonatal outcomes in adolescents were comparable to young adults. Good antenatal care, evidence-based protocols and strong family backing may reduce risks to mothers/babies in adolescent pregnancies.

To observe the efficacy of platelet rich plasma on pain improvement in knee osteoarthritis patients and to explore the impact of various facotrs on pain reduction with such a treatment.

The quasi-experimental study was conducted at the Armed Forces Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from October 2017 to April 2018 and comprised patients with primary knee osteoarthritis. The sample was sub-grouped into "normal", "overweight" and "obese" on the basis of body mass index. Two age-based sub-groups were also formed at ≤ 60 years and >60 years. Three injections of calcium gluconate activated 2.5ml platelet rich plasma were given in the knees at an interval of two weeks each. The pain score was calculated using the numerical rating scale at the 6th week. Data was analysed using SPSS 20.

Of the 50 patients, 26(52%) were females and 24(48%) were males. The overall mean age was 59.6±9.6 years (range 42-75 years), with 22(44%) aged ≤ 60 years. There were 21(42%) patients who were overweight, 7(14%) had normal weight and 22(44%) were obese. There was significant pain reduction post-treatment compared to the baseline (p<0.001). The reduction in pain was not significantly related to gender, age, knee osteoarthritis grade, or body mass index (p>0.05).

Platelet rich plasma significantly improved pain in knee osteoarthritis patients regradless of all age, gender, grade and body mass index.

Platelet rich plasma significantly improved pain in knee osteoarthritis patients regradless of all age, gender, grade and body mass index.

The study aimed to examine effect of prenatal anxiety and depression on the prediction of postnatal anxiety and depression among pregnant women. In addition, to find out mean differences in prenatal and postnatal anxiety and depression among primary and multigravida pregnant women.

This study was conducted at Sargodha Pakistan, on a total number of 100 pregnant women as participants. The sample size was calculated by using sampling adequacy test which confirmed that the sample of 100 was sufficient to carry out the statistical analysis for the present study. Data was collected by administering Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale. SPSS-23 was used for data analysis. The study has been completed in one year, from October, 2017 to November, 2018.

Results indicated prenatal anxiety has significant positive correlation with prenatal depression (p< .001), postnatal anxiety (p< .001) and postnatal depression (p< .001). The prenatal depression has significant positive correlation with postnatal anxiety (p< .001) and postnatal depression (p< .001). Results also indicated that postnatal anxiety has significant positive correlation with postnatal depression (p< .001).

In this study, findings suggested that there is significant relationship between prenatal and postnatal psychiatric symptoms.

In this study, findings suggested that there is significant relationship between prenatal and postnatal psychiatric symptoms.

To determine the pattern of presentations and characteristics of patients at a psychiatric emergency services facility.

The cross-sectional study was conducted in November 2016 at the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioural Sciences, Jinnah Postgraduate Medical Centre, Karachi, and comprised all patients presenting to the departmental emergency services. Data was documented on a pre designed semi-structured proforma, and analysed using SPSS 22.

Of the 316 cases, 162(51.3%) were males and 154(48.7%) were females. The overall mean age was 30.78+/- 13.09 years (range 8-80 years). Psychiatric emergencies comprised suicidal attempt, excitement, violence, altered sensorium, altered/ inappropriate behaviour and extrapyramidal symptoms / acute dystonia together constituting for 123(38.9%) of the total presentations, while there were 20(6.33%) cases of hysterical fits and 6(1.89%) with acute anxiety symptoms. Overall, 56(17.7%) subjects were found to have no psychiatric diagnosis, and 46(81.5%) of these were referred cases.