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The serum concentrations of 1-linoleoyl-GPC (182) in the HIC and control groups were 27 920 ± 6261 and 40 360 ± 1514 ng/mL (P=0.0003), respectively. The serum concentrations of γ-Glu-Ile and 1-AG were not significantly different between the groups. When the cut-off value of 1-linoleoyl-GPC (182) was set at 28 400 ng/mL, the sensitivity and specificity were 68% and 84%, respectively.

Serum 1-linoleoyl-GPC (182) is a candidate diagnostic biomarker for HIC. Additional studies on whether this biomarker can distinguish HIC from other diseases with high urination frequency are required for its clinical use.

Serum 1-linoleoyl-GPC (182) is a candidate diagnostic biomarker for HIC. Additional studies on whether this biomarker can distinguish HIC from other diseases with high urination frequency are required for its clinical use.Horses' muscular tension during acute stress remains unexplored. Our aim was to assess muscular, behavioral, cortisol, and hematocrit responses to social isolation (ISO), novel object exposure (NOV), and sham clipping (CLIP). Altered stress responses were expected. Eight mature Standardbred horses (four mares and four geldings) were exposed to acute stressors and a control period (CON) in a balanced, replicated 4×4 Latin Square experimental design with 3 min treatment periods and 10 min washout periods. Surface electromyography collected from the masseter, brachiocephalas, cervical trapezius, and longissimus dorsi was processed to derive average rectified value (ARV) and median frequency (MF) during the initial, middle, and final 30 s of treatments. ARV and MF data were log transformed then analyzed using a mixed model, repeated measures ANOVA along with plasma cortisol and hematocrit. Behavior data were analyzed using a negative binomial distribution mixed model ANOVA. CLIP resulted in greater (p less then 0.05) log ARV in the masseter (1.5 + 1.5%, mean + SD) and brachiocepahlas (2.2 + 2.0%) than CON (-1.2 + 1.4%, 0.1 + 1.5%). ISO resulted in greater (p less then 0.05) log ARV in the masseter (0.2 + 1.3%) and cervical trapezius (0.6 + 1.3%) than CON (-1.2 + 1.4%, -1.0 + 1.7%). ISO increased (p less then 0.05) the total number of stress-related behaviors and hematocrit. No changes in cortisol were observed. We suggest that muscular tension can be used as an indicator of acute stress in horses. Incorporating muscle activity into an array of measurements may provide a more nuanced understanding of stress responses.

The main aim of the study was to understand student nurses' views around shift patterns.

Qualitative study.

We held a Tweetchat in May 2019, where we asked questions around the frequency of 12-hr shifts working on placement; schedule flexibility while on placement; which shift patterns they preferred and why. Data from the Tweetchat were analysed using reflexive thematic analysis to generate themes from initial codes.

Seventy-three nursing students participated in the Tweetchat. The majority reported that they work 12-hr shifts on placements, particularly when based in a hospital. We identified three themes 'Achieving a personal equilibrium'; 'Meeting the needs of the care environment'; 'Factors affecting negotiation capacity'. Data highlighted a conflict for most students, where they preferred 12-hr shifts because of more time off for study, paid work and leisure, while acknowledging 12-hr shifts negatively affected their fatigue, exhaustion and led them to follow a poor diet and neglect exercise and sleep.

Seventy-three nursing students participated in the Tweetchat. The majority reported that they work 12-hr shifts on placements, particularly when based in a hospital. We identified three themes 'Achieving a personal equilibrium'; 'Meeting the needs of the care environment'; 'Factors affecting negotiation capacity'. Data highlighted a conflict for most students, where they preferred 12-hr shifts because of more time off for study, paid work and leisure, while acknowledging 12-hr shifts negatively affected their fatigue, exhaustion and led them to follow a poor diet and neglect exercise and sleep.Veins are important in the control of venous return, cardiac output, and cardiovascular homeostasis. However, the effector systems modulating venous function remain to be fully elucidated. We demonstrated that activation of bradykinin-sensitive pericardial afferents elicited systemic venoconstriction. The hypothalamic paraventricular nucleus (PVN) is an important site modulating autonomic outflow to the venous compartment. We tested the hypothesis that the PVN region is involved in the venoconstrictor response to pericardial injection of bradykinin. Rats were anesthetized with urethane/alpha chloralose and instrumented for recording arterial pressure, vena caval pressure, and mean circulatory filling pressure (MCFP), an index of venous tone. The rats were fitted with a pericardial catheter and PVN injector guide tubes. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and MCFP responses to pericardial injection of bradykinin (1, 10 µg/kg) were recorded before and after PVN injection of omega conotoxin GVIA (200 ng/200 nl). Pericardial injection of saline produced no systematic effects on MAP, HR, or MCFP. In contrast, pericardial injection of bradykinin was associated with short latency increases in MAP (16 ± 4 to 18 ± 2 mm Hg) and MCFP 0.35 ± 0.19 to 1.01 ± 0.27 mm Hg. Heart rate responses to pericardial BK were highly variable, but HR was significantly increased (15 ± 9 bpm) at the higher BK dose. Conotoxin injection in the PVN region did not affect baseline values for these variables. However, injection of conotoxin into the area of the PVN largely attenuated the pressor (-1 ± 3 to 6 ± 3 mm Hg), MCFP (-0.19 ± 0.07 to 0.20 ± 0.18 mm Hg), and HR (4 ± 14 bpm) responses to pericardial bradykinin injection. We conclude that the PVN region is involved in the venoconstrictor responses to pericardial bradykinin injection.

The Worldwide Innovative Network (WIN) Consortium has developed the Simplified Interventional Mapping System (SIMS) to better define the cancer molecular milieu based on genomics/transcriptomics from tumor and analogous normal tissue biopsies. SPRING is the first trial to assess a SIMS-based tri-therapy regimen in advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Patients with advanced NSCLC (no EGFR, ALK, or ROS1 alterations; PD-L1 unrestricted; ≤2 prior therapy lines) received avelumab, axitinib, and palbociclib (3+3 dose escalation design).

Fifteen patients were treated (five centers, four countries) six at each of dose levels 1 (DL1) and DL2; three at DL3. The most common ≥Grade 3 adverse events were neutropenia, hypertension, and fatigue. The recommended Phase II dose (RP2D) was DL1 avelumab 10mg/kg IV q2weeks, axitinib 3mg po bid, and palbociclib 75mg po daily (7days off/21days on). Four patients (27%) achieved a partial response (PR) (progression-free survival [PFS] 14, 24, 25 and 144+ weeks), including two after progression on pembrolizumab. Four patients attained stable disease (SD) that lasted ≥24weeks 24, 27, 29, and 64weeks. At DL1 (RP2D), four of six patients (66%) achieved stable disease (SD)≥6months/PR (2 each). Responders included patients with no detectable PD-L1 expression and low tumor mutational burden.

Overall, eight of 15 patients (53%) achieved clinical benefit (SD≥24weeks/PR) on the avelumab, axitinib, and palbociclib combination. This triplet showed antitumor activity in NSCLC, including in tumors post-pembrolizumab progression, and was active at the RP2D, which was well tolerated. NCT03386929 clinicaltrial.gov.

Overall, eight of 15 patients (53%) achieved clinical benefit (SD ≥ 24 weeks/PR) on the avelumab, axitinib, and palbociclib combination. This triplet showed antitumor activity in NSCLC, including in tumors post-pembrolizumab progression, and was active at the RP2D, which was well tolerated. NCT03386929 clinicaltrial.gov.Support group attendance for patients undergoing metabolic and bariatric surgery has been shown to improve outcomes. Finding meaningful ways to engage as many patients as possible with these group sessions is important. Attendance records of 120 in-person and 48 virtual support groups that took place over 6-years were reviewed and compared from a metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) program in the USA. No significant difference in attendance for in-person groups or the first year of virtual support groups was found. The second consecutive year of virtual support groups were found to have a significant increase in patient attendance when compared to in-person groups and also the first year of virtual groups. Support groups for MBS patients are valuable experiences. Offering these virtually can help increase the number of patients that attend groups after the first year.

No standard procedure has been established for laparoendoscopic single-site surgery for urachal remnants (LESS-U). This study aimed to report the novel surgical techniques and initial outcomes of laparoendoscopic single-site surgery with an extraperitoneal approach through a suprapubic port for urachal remnants (spLESS).

Fifty-five patients (median age, 27 years; range, 15-69 years) who underwent LESS-U were analyzed. To overcome the limitations inherent in the conventional procedure (LESS-U through an umbilical port uLESS), we modified the port placement and approached via the extraperitoneal space. spLESS is a novel procedure which reduces intestinal damage caused by the extraperitoneal approach and overcomes incomplete resection of the urachal remnant, especially in the bladder dome. Three trocars are inserted into the extraperitoneal space through a suprapubic port in spLESS, and complete resection of the urachal remnant from the umbilicus to the bladder is performed with an appropriate incision line. Patient characteristics and perioperative results were retrospectively collected. Cosmetic outcomes were prospectively evaluated using self-administered questionnaires (body image and photo-series questionnaire).

spLESS and uLESS were performed in 43 and 12 patients, respectively. No differences were observed between the perioperative results. The cosmetic outcomes were compared between the groups using body image and photo-series questionnaires. Colivelin chemical structure No patient developed major complications; there was no recurrence in either group.

spLESS is a novel procedure which can completely resect the urachal remnant and reduce the risk of intestinal damage. spLESS is a safe, effective, and feasible procedure with high postoperative cosmesis.

spLESS is a novel procedure which can completely resect the urachal remnant and reduce the risk of intestinal damage. spLESS is a safe, effective, and feasible procedure with high postoperative cosmesis.The group of P2P precursors including α-phenylacetoacetonitrile (APAAN), α-phenylacetoamide (APAA) and methyl α-acetylphenylacetate (MAPA) has become increasingly popular in Europe and other parts of the world in the last decade. Previous investigations have reported the use of APAAN in the synthesis of amphetamine and methamphetamine and identified a range of characteristic impurities. This research has expanded upon the current literature by investigating the use of MAPA in the synthesis of methamphetamine. In this study methamphetamine was synthesized via three common clandestine methods the Leuckart synthesis and two reductive amination methods. We report the identification of seven impurities, four of which are methyl ester equivalents of impurities previously reported for the detection of APAAN. These are methyl 2-phenylbut-2-enoate, methyl 2-phenyl-3-hydroxybutanoate, methyl 3-(methylamino)-2-phenylbut-2-enoate and methyl 3-(methylamino)-2-phenylbutanoate. The other impurities identified are ethyl ester compounds formed via transesterification of the methyl ester due to the reaction solvent.