Wichmannpike0268
No child died under first-line treatment without admission to ICU, suggesting good availability. The discrepancy between the two registries, SCCR and SIR, highlights the need for future validation of registry data.
Although admission rate under AML treatment was high, the treatment-related mortality under first-line treatment was low. No child died under first-line treatment without admission to ICU, suggesting good availability. The discrepancy between the two registries, SCCR and SIR, highlights the need for future validation of registry data.
We evaluated the efficacy of sublingual immunotherapy for children aged 5-17 years with atopic dermatitis who were allergic to house dust mites.
This open-label, controlled, randomised trial from June 2015 to February 2018 comprised 60 subjects from a specialist allergy centre in South Korea. Half received sublingual immunotherapy for 12months and the other half formed the control group. The subjects were evaluated using specialist scores and specific immunoglobulin and skin prick tests.
Sublingual immunotherapy significantly decreased the mean Scoring Atopic Dermatitis measurements in the sublingual group from baseline (30.2 ± 10.7) to 3 months (20.7 ± 8.5) and the effects persisted at 12months (21.5 ± 12.4). However, the control group only showed a significant difference between baseline (30.4 ± 11.9) and 12months (24.3 ± 10.2). The levels of Dermatophagoides farina-specific immunoglobulin G4 significantly increased in the treatment group from baseline (0.6 ± 0.5) to 12months (1.0 ± 0.7), with no significant changes in the control group. New sensitisations to two or more allergens between baseline and 12months were significantly lower in the sublingual group (21.4%) than controls (54.2%).
Sublingual immunotherapy improved disease severity and prevented new sensitisations in children with atopic dermatitis who were allergic to dust mites.
Sublingual immunotherapy improved disease severity and prevented new sensitisations in children with atopic dermatitis who were allergic to dust mites.
To determine the therapeutic effect of tetrahedral framework nucleic acids (tFNAs) on diabetic wound healing and the underlying mechanism.
The tFNAs were characterized by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and zeta potential assays. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and migration assays were performed to evaluate the effects of tFNAs on cellular proliferation and migration. see more Quantitative polymerase chain reaction (Q-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were used to detect the effect of tFNAs on growth factors. The function and role of tFNAs in diabetic wound healing were investigated using diabetic wound models, histological analyses and western blotting.
Cellular proliferation and migration were enhanced after treatment with tFNAs in a high-glucose environment. The expression of growth factors was also facilitated by tFNAs in vitro. During in vivo experiments, tFNAs accelerated the healing process in diabetic wounds and promoted the regeneration of the epidermis, capillaries and collagen. Moreover, tFNAs increased the secretion of growth factors and activated the Wnt pathway in diabetic wounds.
This study indicates that tFNAs can accelerate diabetic wound healing and have potential for the treatment of diabetic wounds.
This study indicates that tFNAs can accelerate diabetic wound healing and have potential for the treatment of diabetic wounds.
Poor dietary habits in childhood can lead to obesity and chronic diseases later in life. Increasing children's nutrition knowledge and liking of fruits and vegetables are key factors in improving diet quality. The purpose of this study was to assess the effects of a nutrition program on knowledge, liking and intake of fruits and vegetables in Montessori students.
Clustered-randomized control trial conducted in a Southeastern US Montessori school. Children aged 4-6 years old (intervention, n=22; control, n=29) participated in a 4-week nutrition education with taste testing of 12 fruits and vegetables. Nutrition knowledge, fruit and vegetable liking, and intake were measured with questionnaires, and analyzed using repeated measures analysis of covariance and descriptive analyses (SPSS v.23); significance defined as p < 0.05.
Controlling for covariates, significant between group effects for nutrition knowledge (F=24.16, p < 0.001) and liking tomatoes (F=7.01, p=0.01) were found. The intervention group increased vegetable intake (Hedges' g=1.01) compared to the control, although it was not significant between groups (F=1.95, p=0.17).
Initial examination of this program indicates that it was effective in increasing knowledge, vegetable liking and intake for young children in the sample. More research is needed to compare outcomes between educational delivery methods.
Initial examination of this program indicates that it was effective in increasing knowledge, vegetable liking and intake for young children in the sample. More research is needed to compare outcomes between educational delivery methods.
Childhood obesity is associated with adult major depressive disorder (MDD), but their causality is not clear.
We performed a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to explore the causality of childhood body mass index (BMI) and childhood obesity on MDD, followed by a multivariable MR (MVMR) analysis to investigate the potential role of adult BMI in mediating such effect. We accessed genome-wide association summary statistics of childhood BMI, childhood obesity, adult BMI and adult MDD from the Early Growth Genetics consortium (n
=47 541, n
=24 160), the Genetic Investigation of Anthropometric Traits consortium (n
=∼700 000) and the Psychiatric Genomics consortium (n
=500 199), respectively. The MR-PRESSO test was performed to remove SNPs with potential pleiotropic effect. The MR analysis was performed by inverse-variance weighted test. Further sensitivity analyses, including the MR-Egger intercept test and leave-one-out analysis, were performed to evaluate the reliability of the results.
Our study found that childhood obesity might increase the odds of developing MDD in adults (OR=1.03, 95% CI 1.01-1.06, p=2.6 × 10
). Children with higher BMI were more likely to develop MDD in adulthood, with an OR of 1.12 per standard deviation score (SDS) increase in BMI (95% CI 1.07-1.17, p=4.4 × 10
). Sensitivity analyses verified the reliability of the causality between childhood BMI/obesity and MDD. Further MVMR results revealed that the impact of childhood BMI on MDD risk was predominantly mediated by adult BMI.
Our findings provided evidence of a causal relationship between childhood BMI/obesity and adult MDD, thus providing new insights into the prevention of MDD.
Our findings provided evidence of a causal relationship between childhood BMI/obesity and adult MDD, thus providing new insights into the prevention of MDD.Open-environment poultry farms that allow chickens to forage outdoors are becoming increasingly common throughout the United States and Europe; however, there is little information regarding the diversity and prevalence of ectoparasites in these farming systems. Eight to 25 birds were captured and surveyed for ectoparasites on each of 17 farms across the states of Washington, Idaho, Oregon, and California. Among the farms sampled, six louse species (Phthiraptera Ischnocera & Amblycera) and two parasitic mite species (Acari Mesostigmata) were collected and identified Goniodes gigas (Taschenberg, 1879; Phthiraptera Menoponidae) on one farm, Menacathus cornutus (Schömmer, 1913; Phthiraptera Menoponidae) on one farm, Menopon gallinae (Linnaeus, 1758; Phthiraptera Menoponidae) on six farms, Lipeurus caponis (Linnaeus, 1758; Phthiraptera Philopteridae) on five farms, Menacanthus stramineus (Nitzsch, 1818; Phthiraptera Menoponidae) on nine farms, Goniocotes gallinae De Geer (Phthiraptera Philopteridae) on 11 farms, Dermanyssus gallinae (De Geer, 1778; Mesostigmata Dermanyssidae) on two farms, and Ornithonyssus sylviarum (Canestrini & Fanzago, 1877; Mesostigmata Macronyssidae) on one farm. The diversity of ectoparasites on these open environment poultry farms highlights a need for additional research on ectoparasite prevalence and intensity in these poultry farming systems.
Postgraduate competency-based medical education has been implemented with programmatic assessment that relies on entrustment-based ratings. Yet, in less procedurally oriented specialties such as internal medicine, the relationship between entrustment and supervision remains unclear. We undertook the current study to address how internal medicine supervisors conceptualise entrusting senior medical residents while supervising them on the acute care wards.
Guided by constructivist grounded theory, we interviewed 19 physicians who regularly supervised senior internal medicine residents on inpatient wards at three Canadian universities. We developed a theoretical model through iterative cycles of data collection and analysis using a constant comparative process.
On the internal medicine ward, the senior resident role is viewed as a fundamentally managerial and rudimentary version of the supervisor's role. Supervisors come to trust their residents in the senior role through an early 'hands-on' period of asses assessment.
Supervisors' stepping in and stepping back to support individual tasks on the acute care ward has an inconsistent relationship to their entrustment of the resident with a particular scope of the senior resident role. In this context, entrustment-based assessment would need to capture more of the holistic perspective of the supervisor's entrustment of the senior resident role. Understanding the dance of supervision, from relatively static overall support of the resident in their role, to fluidly stepping in and out for specific patient care tasks, allows us insight into the affordances of the supervisory relationship and how it may be leveraged for assessment.The increasing prevalence and severity of invasive fungal infections (IFIs), especially in immunocompromised populations, has amplified the need for rapid diagnosis of fungal pathogens. Radiotracers derived from d-amino acids (DAAs) show promise as bacterial-specific positron emission tomography (PET) imaging agents due to their preferential consumption by bacteria and largely nonutilization by hosts. Unlike mammals, fungi can utilize external DAAs including d-glutamine for their growth by rapidly upregulating DAA oxidases. Additionally, glutamine is essential for fungal nitrogen assimilation, survival, and virulence. We previously validated d-[5-11C]-glutamine (d-[5-11C]-Gln) as an efficient radiotracer targeting live bacterial soft-tissue infections. Here, we further expanded this investigation to evaluate its translational potential for PET imaging of IFIs in immunocompetent mouse models subcutaneously (SubQ) and intramuscularly (IM) infected with Candida albicans (C. albicans), using its l-isomer counterpart (l-[5-11C]-Gln) as a control. Comparative studies between pathogens showed significantly (p less then 0.05) higher uptake in fungi (C. albicans and C. tropicalis) versus tested bacterial species for d-[5-11C]-Gln, suggesting that it could potentially serve as a more sensitive radiotracer for detection of fungal infections. Additionally, comparative PET imaging studies in immunocompetent infected mice demonstrated significantly higher infection-to-background ratios for d- versus l-[5-11C]-Gln in both SubQ (ratio = 1.97, p = 0.043) and IM (ratio = 1.97, p = 0.028) infections. Fungal infection imaging specificity was confirmed with no significant difference observed between localized inflammation sites versus untreated muscle background (heat-killed injection site/untreated muscle ∼1.1). Taken together, this work demonstrates the translational potential of d-[5-11C]-Gln for noninvasive PET imaging of IFIs.
