Westermanncampbell4478

PURPOSE OF REVIEW Patient-reported outcome (PRO) represents a unique opportunity to measure the impact of health research, and care on outcomes that matter most to people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). RECENT FINDINGS How to incorporate PROs in MS clinical trials and, practice remains a matter of debate. The variety of measures available for use in MS has some benefits, but the lack of a set of standard measures has significant disadvantages. To help meeting the challenge, different PROs standard sets have been developed (PROMIS) for use across a broad range of chronic health conditions, and SymptoMScreen, specifically for MS. However, many of them were not co-created with PwMS and lacking understanding about what matters to patients. The newly proposed MS care unit model together with emerging initiatives such as iConquerMS and PROMOPROMS, are shaping new meaningful PROs. However, the uptake of PROMs in all settings can be effective only by a commonly held strategic agenda shared by all relevant stakeholders. SUMMARY The newly born PRO Initiative for MS (PROMS) aims to develop a strategic agenda shared by all relevant stakeholders to help meeting the challenge of developing PRO measures that correspond to the needs of all stakeholders.OBJECTIVE To examine whether low leadership quality predicts long-term sickness absence (LTSA) in Denmark. METHODS Using Cox models, we estimated the association between exposure to low leadership quality and onset of register based LTSA (≥6 weeks) during 12-months follow-up among 53,157 employees without previous LTSA. RESULTS During 51,155 person-years, we identified 2,270 cases of LTSA. Low leadership quality predicted LTSA with a dose-response pattern after adjustment for confounders. The hazard ratio (HR) of LTSA in the lowest compared to the highest quartile of leadership quality was 1.61 (95% CI 1.43-1.82). Further, change from high to low leadership quality over time predicted risk of LTSA (HR = 1.42, 95% CI 1.02-1.97) compared to persistent high leadership quality. CONCLUSIONS Exposure to low leadership quality is a risk factor of LTSA in the Danish workforce.OBJECTIVE This study examines links between paid sick leave benefits and sleep as an indicator of well-being. METHODS Using data from 12,780 employed adult US workers in the 2018 National Health Interview Survey, the relationship between paid sick leave and sleep was explored while controlling for demographic and health status variables. RESULTS Logistic multiple regression analyses revealed that workers without paid sick leave had significantly higher odds of staying asleep, marginally significant higher odds of falling asleep, but significantly higher odds of feeling rested. The groups did not differ regarding the odds of taking sleep medication or getting the ideal amount of sleep. CONCLUSION The findings suggest a link between sleep quality and access to paid sick leave, adding to a growing list of health and well-being variables associated with paid sick leave benefits.OBJECTIVE Small-medium enterprises (SMEs) are under-represented in occupational health research. Owner/managers face mental ill-health risks/exacerbating factors including financial stress and long hours. This study assessed the effectiveness of a mental health intervention specifically for SME owner/managers. METHODS 297 owner/managers of SMEs were recruited and invited to complete a baseline survey assessing their mental health and wellbeing and were then randomly allocated to one of three intervention groups 1) self-administered, 2) self-administered plus telephone, or 3) an active control condition. After a four-month intervention period they were followed up with a second survey. RESULTS Intention to treat analyses showed a significant decrease in psychological distress for both the active control and the telephone facilitated intervention groups, with the telephone group demonstrating a greater ratio of change. CONCLUSION The provision of telephone support for self-administered interventions in this context appears warranted.OBJECTIVE This study investigates the mechanisms of benzene hematotoxicity. METHODS We used microarray to detect expression profiles of lncRNAs and mRNAs in peripheral lymphocytes from chronic benzene poisoning, acute myelocytic leukemia and healthy controls. The lncRNAs and mRNAs were validated using RT-qPCR. Cytokinesis-block micronucleus assay was used to analyze chromosomal aberration. RESULTS We found 173 upregulated and 258 downregulated lncRNAs, and 695 upregulated and 804 downregulated mRNAs. Divarasib The lncRNA CUST_40243 and mRNA PDGFC and CDKN1A associated with chronic benzene poisoning. Relevant inflammatory response, hematopoietic cell lineage and cell cycle may be important pathways for the sifted lncRNAs and mRNAs. Furthermore, micronuclei frequency was significantly higher in off-post chronic benzene poisoning patients. CONCLUSIONS Chromosomal aberration induced by benzene exposure is irreversible. The lncRNA CUST_40243 and mRNA PDGFC and CDKN1A are related to chronic benzene poisoning.The IKZF1 gene encodes for Ikaros, a transcriptional factor in B-cell development. Deletions in this gene have been associated with a worse prognosis in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL). We evaluated the presence of these alterations in all Costa Rican pediatric patients diagnosed with B-ALL between 2011 and 2014, treated with a modified Berlin-Frankfurt-Münster therapeutic protocol. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction with 2 detection methods (agarose gel and gene scanning) was used to detect intragenic deletions and multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification for whole-gene deletions. Differences between groups (normal vs. deleted IKZF1) were analyzed by the χ test, the Kaplan-Meier test was used to calculate relapse-free survival and overall survival, and Cox regression was performed for multivariant analysis. Minimum follow-up was 4.5 years. Incidence of IKZF1 deletions was 12.9% (n=20), with an equal amount of intragenic and complete gene deletions. Adverse karyotype (P=0.048), high-risk category (P=0.030), occurrence of relapse (P=0.021), and medullar relapse (P=0.011) were statistically associated with the presence of deletions in IKZF1. Relapse-free survival at 54 months was lower in patients harboring an IKZF1 deletion than that in patients with IKZF1-wt (40.0% vs. 66.7%; P=0.014). Patients with B-ALL and IKZF1 deletions, showed a poorer relapse-free survival, in comparison with patients with IKZF1-wt, suggesting that IKZF1 status is an independent prognostic factor for pediatric patients with B-ALL.