Wernersoelberg1516

This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Adamantinomatous craniopharyngiomas (ACPs) are tumours of the sellar region and although histologically benign, they frequently invade the hypothalamus, visual tracts and local vascular structures. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.After the 'empirical turn' in bioethics, few specific approaches have been developed for doing clinical ethics research in close connection with clinical decision-making on a daily basis. In this paper we describe the 'committed researcher' approach to research in clinical ethics that we have developed over the years. After comparing it to two similar research methodological approaches, the 'embedded researcher' and 'deliberative engagement', we highlight its main features it is patient-oriented, it is implemented by collegial and multidisciplinary teams, it uses an ethical grid to build the interview guide, and it is geared towards bringing the results to bear on the public debate surrounding the issue at stake. Finally, we position our methodological approach with respect to the 'is vs. ought' distinction. We argue that our 'commitment researcher' approach to clinical ethics research takes concerned people's life-building values as the main data, and compares them to the larger normative framework underlying the medical practice at stake. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.OBJECTIVES Conventional guided bone regeneration (GBR) limits the amount of bone graft due to limited soft tissue expansion. We hypothesize that the use of tissue expander will successfully augment soft tissue prior to bone graft, allowing for sufficient amount of grafting which will lead to a more stable and effective vertical bone graft. The authors aimed to evaluate effectiveness of the novel self-inflating tissue expander for vertical augmentation in terms of soft tissue expansion, clinical outcomes, and related complications. MATERIAL AND METHODS A prospective, multicenter, randomized controlled trial was performed on patients requiring vertical augmentation. selleck chemical For experimental group patients, the tissue expander was subperiosteally implanted and followed by a tunneling bone graft without full flap reflection. Control patients underwent conventional vertical GBR. Primary objectives were to evaluate the dimensional changes of soft tissue and radiographic vertical bone gain and retention. As a secondary outcssue expanders followed by tunneling bone graft for vertical augmentation; however, studies comparing the two techniques without tissue expanders are needed to elucidate the net effect of tissue expansion. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.BACKGROUND Left-right movement symmetry is a highly desirable characteristic in sport horses. OBJECTIVES This study compared movement symmetry in well-trained dressage horses unridden and unrestrained, and ridden in a dressage frame, and investigated possible associations between gaits. STUDY DESIGN Experimental study. METHODS Seven sound, high-level dressage horses were measured in walk and sitting trot on a treadmill at several speeds under two conditions with and without rider. Left-right differences for stance duration, stance protraction and retraction based on longitudinal hoof positions, ipsilateral limb tracking, minimum and maximum vertical positions of the dorsal spinous processes of the sixth thoracic (T6), third sacral vertebrae (S3) and wing of atlas, and vertical ground reaction forces were calculated and analysed in mixed models. RESULTS In walk, five body variables indicated increased asymmetry when ridden compared to unridden forelimb stance duration (unridden/ridden left-right differences 9 vs. 13 ms; P=0.008), forelimb stance protraction (P=0.004), stance retraction (P=0.001) and first force peak (P=0.003), and hindlimb stance retraction (P=0.01). In trot, six body variables were more asymmetrical when ridden forelimb stance duration (2.5 vs 3.8 ms, P=0.004); hindlimb stance protraction (P less then 0.0001) and retraction (P=0.01), T6 minimum (4 vs 6 mm, P=0.001), T6 maximum (9 vs 11 mm, P=0.01) and S3 maximum (6 vs 12 mm, P less then 0.001). Five variables had significant associations between asymmetries in walk and trot, but only three demonstrated a positive slope. MAIN LIMITATIONS A limited number of horses and riders were studied. Measurements were performed on treadmill. CONCLUSIONS High-level horses moved slightly more asymmetrically when ridden in a dressage frame than when unridden. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Single-case experimental designs (SCEDs) have proven invaluable in research and practice because they are optimal for asking many experimental questions relevant to the analysis of behavior. The consecutive controlled case series (CCCS) is a type of study in which a SCED is employed in a series of consecutively encountered cases that undergo a common procedure or share a common characteristic. Additional design elements, data-analytic, and reporting methods enable researchers to ask experimental questions relevant to the study of generality of procedures and processes. The current paper discusses the CCCS methodologies, including the retrospective, prospective, and randomized CCCS. These methodologies can be applied to examine the generality of clinical procedures (including their general efficacy, the limits of their generality, and variables that may mediate generality); study the epidemiology and phenomenology of clinical problems; and compare the efficacy of 2 clinical procedures within a randomized controlled trial combining SCEDs with randomized group designs. © 2020 Society for the Experimental Analysis of Behavior.BACKGROUND Understanding the comorbidity of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and other psychiatric diagnoses has been a long-standing interest of researchers and mental health professionals. Comorbidity is often examined via the diagnostic co-occurrence of discrete, categorical diagnoses, which is incongruent with increasingly supported dimensional approaches of psychiatric classification and diagnosis, and for AUD more specifically. The present study examined associations between DSM-5 AUD and psychiatric symptoms of other DSM-IV and DSM-5 disorders categorically, and dimensionally organized according to the Hierarchical Taxonomy of Psychopathology (HiTOP) spectra (e.g., Internalizing, Disinhibited Externalizing). METHODS The comorbidity of AUD with other psychological disorders was examined in 2 independent nationally representative samples of past-year drinkers via an initial examination in the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC) Wave 2 and replicated in NESARC-III. RESULTS Analyses focusing on psychopathology symptom counts organized by spectra demonstrated that greater AUD severity was associated with a higher number of symptoms across HiTOP spectra.