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Glyconanoparticles (G-NPs), biofunctional nanomaterials that can fully combine the unique properties of nanoparticles (NPs) with the bioactivities of carbohydrates, have become an appealing nanoplatform in analytical chemistry and biomedical research. However, there is currently a lack of an efficient and universal method for facile immobilization of reducing carbohydrates on NPs while maintaining their structure integrity, greatly limiting the preparation and application of G-NPs. Herein, a new and universal strategy for preparing carbohydrate-functionalized gold nanoclusters (Au NCs) was developed by using S-(3-(methoxyamino)propyl) thioacetate (MPTA) as a new bifunctional linker. MPTA with an N-methoxyamine group (-NHOMe) and a thioacetyl group (-SAc) was synthesized by a two-step strategy and then grafted onto Au NCs by an efficient click reaction. Subsequently, reducing carbohydrates could be readily immobilized onto MPTA-functionalized Au NCs (MPTA-Au NCs) by a reducing end ring-closure reaction under mild conditions. The obtained G-NPs showed average size of 1.9 ± 0.42 nm and strong fluorescence at 610 nm. Carbohydrates grafted on G-NPs still retained their structure integrity and specific recognition ability toward their receptor proteins. Notably, the affinity between G-NPs and proteins was increased by 1300 times compared with free carbohydrates with an association constant of (1.47 ± 0.356) × 106 M-1. selleck products The prepared fluorescent G-NPs were also successfully applied to lectin sensing and targeted breast cancer cell imaging with good performance. These results indicated that the intact immobilization of reducing carbohydrates (whether naturally or chemically accessed) on NPs could be easily achieved using MPTA, providing a simple, efficient, and universal strategy for G-NP preparation.Targeting of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) using AntiVEGF can be a promising approach for angiogenesis inhibition and cancer therapy. In this study, we direct AntiVEGF recombinant protein accumulation to cucurbit plant apoplast using a suitable signal (Pr1b) sequence. After assembling the target gene construct and cloning into the expression vector, we infected the plants with the resulting pZYMV-AntiVEGF viral vector. Transcription of the target gene was confirmed with RT-PCR assays. The apoplast-targeted AntiVEGF recombinant protein was detected in infected plants by Dot-blot, western blot, and ELISA analysis. AntiVEGF protein accumulation in the apoplast resulted in levels of 1.2% of TSP (Total Soluble Protein) that demonstrated a two-order increase compared to the cytoplasm-targeted protein. After purification of AntiVEGF protein using aqueous two-phase system (ATPS), purified protein was analyzed with MTT assay. Our results reveal that production of biologically active and correctly processed apoplast-targeted AntiVEGF recombinant protein is possible in plant apoplast. The low level of cytoplasm-targeted AntiVEGF recombinant protein might result from the degradation of improperly folded protein.
To examine the diagnostic usefulness and procedures of ultrasonography (US) for mass lesions in the soft tissue of the oral region.
This study involved patients with mass lesions (tumorous lesions and cysts) who had undergone US and histopathological examinations from January 2017 to December 2019. The following points were evaluated by two observers using an evaluation scale vascularity, echo intensity level, boundary, margin shape, distribution of internal echoes, and capsule. The usefulness of each point for differential diagnosis of tumorous lesions and cysts was statistically analyzed.
Forty-five mass lesions in the soft tissue of the oral region (33 tumorous lesions and 12 cysts) were analyzed. There were significant differences in four evaluation points between the tumorous lesions and cysts vascularity, echo intensity level, boundary, and margin shape. Cysts were almost completely excluded diagnostically, especially when vascularity was observed. There were also significant differences in two evaluation points between nonvascular tumorous lesions and cysts echo intensity level and boundary.
In US examination for mass lesions in the oral region, it was possible to diagnose tumorous lesions and exclude cysts when vascularity was observed. When vascularity was not observed, however, tumorous lesions and cysts could be identified using two evaluation points echo intensity level and boundary.
In US examination for mass lesions in the oral region, it was possible to diagnose tumorous lesions and exclude cysts when vascularity was observed. When vascularity was not observed, however, tumorous lesions and cysts could be identified using two evaluation points echo intensity level and boundary.Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common heritable cardiomyopathy and is characterized by increased left ventricular wall thickness, but existing diagnostic and treatment approaches face limitations. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are type of noncoding RNA molecule that plays crucial roles in the pathological process of cardiac remodelling. Accordingly, miRNAs related to HCM may represent potential novel therapeutic targets. In this review, we first discuss the different roles of miRNAs in the development of HCM. We then summarize the roles of common miRNAs as diagnostic and clinical biomarkers in HCM. Finally, we outline current and future challenges and potential new directions for miRNA-based therapeutics for HCM.The aim of this review is to highlight the strengths and limitations of major echocardiographic biventricular repair (BVR) prediction models for borderline left ventricle (LV) in complex congenital heart disease (CHD). A systematic search in the National Library of Medicine for Medical Subject Headings and free text terms including echocardiography, CHD, and scores, was performed. The search was refined by adding keywords for critical aortic stenosis (AS), borderline LV, complex left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) obstruction, hypoplastic left heart syndrome/complex (HLHS/HLHC), and unbalanced atrio-ventricular septal defects (uAVSD). Fifteen studies were selected for the final analysis. We outlined what echocardiographic scores for different types of complex CHD with diminutive LV are available. Scores for CHD with LVOT obstruction including critical AS, HLHS/HLHC, and aortic arch hypoplasia have been validated and implemented by several studies. Scores for uAVSD with right ventricle (RV) dominance have also been established and implemented, the first being the atrioventricular valve index (AVVI). In addition to AVII, both LV/RV inflow angle and LV inflow index have all been validated for the prediction of BVR. We conclude with a discussion of limitations in the development and validation of each of these scores, including retrospective design during score development, heterogeneity in echocardiographic parameters evaluated, variability in the definition of outcomes, differences in adopted surgical and Interventional strategies, and institutional differences. Furthermore, scores developed in the past two decades may have little clinical relevance now. In summary, we provide a review of echocardiographic scores for BVR in complex CHD with a diminutive LV that may serve as a guide for use in modern clinical practice.This study was carried out to analyze the evolution of the quality indicators in the Spanish National Hip Fracture Registry, after disseminating a series of recommendations based on available clinical practice guidelines to the participating hospitals. Six of the seven proposed quality indicators showed a significant improvement.
The Spanish National Hip Fracture Registry (RNFC) arises from the need to know the process and improve the quality of care. Our goal was to analyze the changes in the RNFC's quality indicators after an intervention based on disseminating specific recommendations among the participating hospitals, following available clinical practice guidelines.
Study comparing before and after performing an intervention in hospitals participating in the RNFC. Data from the hospitals that registered cases in 2017, and that kept registering cases in 2019. Seven quality indicators were chosen, and a standard to be achieved for each indicator was proposed. The intervention consisted in the disseminatonth fell from 58.8 to 56.4%. More than 48% of hospitals improved the proposed indicators.
Establishing quality indicators and standards and intervening through the dissemination of specific recommendations to improve these indicators achieved an improvement in hospital performance results on a national level.
Establishing quality indicators and standards and intervening through the dissemination of specific recommendations to improve these indicators achieved an improvement in hospital performance results on a national level.
One of the main impacts of Toxoplasma gondii infection occurs during pregnancy and is related to the vertical transmission of the parasite (congenital toxoplasmosis), which can cause severe clinical outcomes and fetal death. During acute infection, in order to control the rapid replication of tachyzoites, different host immune response genes are activated, and these include cytokine-encoding genes. Considering that polymorphisms in cytokine genes may increase susceptibility to vertical transmission of T. gondii by determining the immune status of the pregnant woman, this study evaluated the influence of polymorphisms of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα) rs1799964 (- 1031) and interleukin 1 beta (IL1β) rs16944 (- 511) genes on gestational toxoplasmosis and on the vertical transmission of the parasite and verified the allele and genotype frequency of these polymorphisms in pregnant patients whose respective newborn did or did not present clinical abnormalities suggestive of congenital toxoplasmosis.
A total of 204 pregnant patients with (n = 114) or without (n = 90) infection by T. gondii were enrolled. No associations were found involving the polymorphisms rs1799964 (- 1031) of the TNFα gene and rs16944 (- 511) of the IL1β gene with the increased chance of T. gondii infection during pregnancy. However, it was observed that the maternal TT genotype referring to the polymorphism of the TNFα gene seems to influence the vertical transmission of the parasite (P = 0.01; χ
= 6.05) and the presence of clinical manifestation in newborns from pregnancies with acute toxoplasmosis (P = 0.007; χ
= 9.68).
The TNFα rs1799964 TT genotype may act as a susceptibility factor for the vertical transmission of parasite and for the presence of clinical signs in newborns from pregnant women with acute toxoplasmosis.
The TNFα rs1799964 TT genotype may act as a susceptibility factor for the vertical transmission of parasite and for the presence of clinical signs in newborns from pregnant women with acute toxoplasmosis.
Osteosarcoma (OS) is a rare malignant primary tumor of mesenchymal origin affecting bone that occurs in adolescents and children. LncRNAs are important regulators of tumorigenesis and development. This study aimed to explore the role and molecular basis of LncRNA BACE1-AS (BACE1 antisense RNA) in OS.
Through the analysis of differential expressed lncRNAs in OS tissues by GEO database, LncRNA BACE1-AS display a remarkably lower expression. This found can also be observed in both OS tissues and cell lines by qRT-PCR. Furthermore, using Cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), transwell, wound healing and westernblot assays, overexpression LncRNA BACE1-AS remarkably reduce cell proliferation, migration and invasion abilities in OS. In addition, LncRNA BACE1-AS is validated as a sponge of miR-762 through the prediction of lncRNASNP. Further, luciferase reporter and RIP assays are conducted to confirm the binding sites between LncRNA BACE1-AS and miR-762. SRY-box transcription factor 7 (SOX7) target to miR-762 and regulated by LncRNA BACE1-AS.
