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With the metasurface control of the light propagation, our prototype device achieves a 1080-pixel resolution, a field-of-view more than 40°, an overall input-output efficiency more than 1%, and addresses the vergence-accommodation conflict through our focal-free implementation. Furthermore, our AR waveguide is achieved in a single metasurface-waveguide layer, aiding the scalability and process yield control.The dynamic electro-geometrical model has been applied in various studies to investigate the probability of a lightning strike to parts of a structure. The numerical computation of the dynamic electro-geometrical model (DEGM) follows an iterative step by determining lightning strike points from above to a point on a structure of interest. This computation is often time-consuming and requires extensive computational resources. This study delves into the inner workings of DEGM striking distance computation. It highlights sources of computational numerical errors, such as the effect of the discretisation size. It proposes ways to eliminate such by using a conversion factor while also significantly reducing computation time from more than 14 h to approximately 6 min for a cuboid structure by eliminating ground surface points. The performance of the proposed improved DEGM (IDEGM) was investigated using a floating roof tank and a cuboid structure with a central air termination, and an interception efficiency of 61% was achieved. An alternative case using catenary wires with a total lightning interception efficiency of 99.1% was also implemented. The percentage strike probability for the cases considered shows a close approximation to published results, and this confirms the accuracy of the implemented model. The IDEGM has the benefit of generating results with a significantly reduced computation time of just a few minutes as compared to several hours in previous models.Oral cancer is the fourth most common cancer among men in Taiwan. The age-standardized incidence rate of oral cancer among men in Taiwan has increased since 1980 and became six times greater in 2014. To enable effective public health planning for oral cancer, research on the projection of oral cancer burden is essential. We conducted an age-period-cohort analysis on the incidence of oral cancer among men in Taiwan from 1997 to 2017 and extrapolated the trend to 2025. We found that the period trends for young adults aged between 25 and 44 have already peaked before 2017; the younger, the earlier, and then the trends declined. The cohort trends have peaked roughly at the 1972 birth cohort and then declined for all ages. Despite the increasing trend in the age-standardized incidence rate for oral cancer among men in Taiwan from 1997 to 2017, we forecast a peak attained, an imminent decline after 2017, and a decrease of 8.4% in age-standardized incidence rate from 2017 to 2025. The findings of this study contribute to developing efficient and comprehensive strategies for oral cancer prevention and control.The global prevalence of allergic diseases has increased dramatically in recent decades. From a global health perspective, they have been considered as a major chronic disease, and the related social burden has also been increasing worldwide. In line with this trend, we investigated the likelihood of undergoing incision surgery for eyelid inflammatory masses in pediatric and adolescent patients with allergic conjunctivitis (AC). selleck inhibitor The prevalence of AC and incision surgery showed a similar pattern of bimodal peaks during the spring and autumn of South Korea, reflecting the peak allergic seasons. The likelihood of undergoing incision surgery in patients with AC was 4.27 times higher than that of patients without AC and the likelihood of undergoing incision surgery was higher in every age group in the AC cohort than in the non-AC cohort. There was no significant difference between age groups and sexes. In the AC cohort for sub-analysis, the likelihood of undergoing incision surgery was 2.34 times higher in patients who used steroids than those who did not. These findings can suggest that proper management and education can be required for the likelihood of undergoing incision surgery due to eyelid inflammation mass in pediatric and adolescent patients with AC. Furthermore, greater attention should be paid to patients using steroids due to severe AC as they are more likely to undergo incision surgery.Growing evidence shows that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) play an important role in cellular biological processes at multiple levels, such as gene imprinting, immune response, and genetic regulation, and are closely related to diseases because of their complex and precise control. However, most functions of lncRNAs remain undiscovered. Current computational methods for exploring lncRNA functions can avoid high-throughput experiments, but they usually focus on the construction of similarity networks and ignore the certain directed acyclic graph (DAG) formed by gene ontology annotations. In this paper, we view the function annotation work as a hierarchical multilabel classification problem and design a method HLSTMBD for classification with DAG-structured labels. With the help of a mathematical model based on Bayesian decision theory, the HLSTMBD algorithm is implemented with the long-short term memory network and a hierarchical constraint method DAGLabel. Compared with other state-of-the-art algorithms, the results on GOA-lncRNA datasets show that the proposed method can efficiently and accurately complete the label prediction work.Body perception has been extensively investigated, with one particular focus being the integration of vision and touch within a neuronal body representation. Previous studies have implicated a distributed network comprising the extrastriate body area (EBA), posterior parietal cortex (PPC) and ventral premotor cortex (PMv) during illusory self-attribution of a rubber hand. Here, we set up an fMRI paradigm in virtual reality (VR) to study whether and how the self-attribution of (artificial) body parts is altered if these body parts are somehow threatened. Participants (N = 30) saw a spider (aversive stimulus) or a toy-car (neutral stimulus) moving along a 3D-rendered virtual forearm positioned like their real forearm, while tactile stimulation was applied on the real arm in the same (congruent) or opposite (incongruent) direction. We found that the PPC was more activated during congruent stimulation; higher visual areas and the anterior insula (aIns) showed increased activation during aversive stimulus presentation; and the amygdala was more strongly activated for aversive stimuli when there was stronger multisensory integration of body-related information (interaction of aversiveness and congruency). Together, these findings suggest an enhanced processing of aversive stimuli within the amygdala when they represent a bodily threat.The objective was to investigate if pre-stroke physical activity is associated with intact cognition early after stroke. The study design was a cross-sectional, register-based study. The study sample included 1111 adults with first stroke (mild or moderate severity) admitted to three Swedish stroke units. The main outcome was cognition. The associations of pre-stroke physical activity, age, sex, smoking, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, previous TIA, statin treatment, hypertension treatment, reperfusion therapies, stroke severity, and education on the outcome cognition were analyzed using binary logistic regression. Physical activity was assessed within 48 h of admittance, and cognition was screened during stroke unit care. The results were mean age 70 years, 40% women, 61% pre-stroke physically active, and 53% with post-stroke cognitive impairment. Patients with pre-stroke light or moderate physical activity have higher odds for intact cognition compared to inactive odds ratio (95% confidence interval) 1.32 (0.97-1.80) and 2.04 (1.18-3.53), respectively. In addition to pre-stroke physical activity, people with younger age, a higher level of education, less severe stroke (more mild than moderate), being non-diabetic, and non-smoking have higher odds for intact cognition. In conclusion physical activity before stroke is associated with intact cognition in patients with mild and moderate stroke.Photocatalytic degradation is essential for the successful removal of organic contaminants from wastewater, which is important for ecological and environmental safety. The advanced oxidation process of photocatalysis has become a hot topic in recent years for the remediation of water. Cadmium sulphide (CdS) nanostructures doped with Titanium oxide (CdS/TiO2) nanocomposites has manufactured under ambient conditions using a simple and modified Chemical Precipitation technique. The nanocomposites crystal structure, thermal stability, recombination of photo-generated charge carriers, bandgap, surface morphology, particle size, molar ratio, and charge transfer properties are determined. The production of nanocomposites (CdS-TiO2) and their efficient photocatalytic capabilities are observed. The goal of the experiment is to improve the photocatalytic efficiency of TiO2 in the visible region by doping CdS nanocomposites. The results showed that as-prepared CdS-TiO2 nanocomposites has exhibited the highest photocatalytic activity in the process of photocatalytic degradation of AB-29 dye, and its degradation efficiency is 84%. After 1 h 30 min of visible light irradiation, while CdS and TiO2 showed only 68% and 09%, respectively. The observed decolorization rate of AB-29 is also higher in the case of CdS-TiO2 photocatalyst ~ 5.8 × 10-4mol L-1 min-1) as compared to the reported decolorization rate of CdS ~ 4.5 × 10-4mol L-1 min-1 and TiO2 ~ 0.67 × 10-4mol L-1 min-1. This increased photocatalytic effectiveness of CdS-TiO2 has been accomplished by reduced charge carrier recombination as a result of improved charge separation and extension of TiO2 in response to visible light.Complement activation plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS), a debilitating immune-mediated neuropathy. Mannose-binding lectin (MBL) is a complement activation factor of lectin pathway which as genetic host factor may influence the susceptibility or severity of GBS. We investigated the frequency of MBL2 promoter (- 550H/L and - 221X/Y) and functional region (exon 1 A/O) polymorphisms and their association with disease susceptibility, clinical features and serum MBL among GBS patients (n = 300) and healthy controls (n = 300) in Bangladesh. The median patient age was 30 years (IQR 18-42; males, 68%). MBL2 polymorphisms were not significantly associated with GBS susceptibility compared to healthy controls. HL heterozygosity in GBS patients was significantly associated with mild functional disability at enrolment (P = 0.0145, OR, 95% CI 2.1, 1.17-3.82). The HY, YA, HA and HYA heterozygous haplotypes were more common among mildly affected (P = 0.0067, P = 0.0086, P = 0.0075, P = 0.0032, respectively) than severely affected patients with GBS. Reduced serum MBL was significantly associated with the LL, OO and no HYA variants and GBS disease severity. No significant association was observed between MBL2 polymorphisms and electrophysiological variants, recent Campylobacter jejuni infection or anti-ganglioside (GM1) antibody responses in GBS. In conclusion, MBL2 gene polymorphisms are related to reduced serum MBL and associated with the severity of GBS.