Weaverchristoffersen2286

Muscle fatigue is a risk factor for developing shoulder musculoskeletal disorders. The aim of this study was to identify shoulder electromyographic indicators that are most indicative of muscle fatigue during a laboratory simulated manual handling task. Thirty-two participants were equipped with electromyographic electrodes on 10 shoulder muscles and moved boxes for 45-minutes. The modified rate of perceived exertion (mRPE) was assessed every 5-minutes and multivariate linear regressions were performed between myoelectric manifestation of fatigue (MMF) and the mRPE scores. During a manual handling task representative of industry working conditions, spectral entropy, median frequency, and mobility were the electromyographic indicators that explained the largest percentage of the mRPE. Overall, the deltoids, biceps and upper trapezius were the muscles that most often showed significant changes over time in their electromyographic indicators. S1P Receptor modulator The combination of these three indicators may improve the accuracy for the assessment of MMF during manual handling. Practitioner Summary To date, muscle fatigue has primarily been assessed during tasks done to exhaustion, which are not representative of typical working conditions. During a manual handling task representative of industry working conditions, EMG-derived spectral entropy, and median frequency, both extracted from time-frequency analysis, and mobility extracted from time domain, were the best indicators of the manifestation of muscle fatigue.

To describe individual long-term outcomes of people with persistent symptoms following a concussion who received neck treatment as part of multidisciplinary concussion care. A secondary objective is to report on how participants describe the outcomes of neck treatmentMethods Long-term follow-up for a subgroup of participants in a prospective case series (n=11). Data were collected at initial assessment, completion of neck treatment, 6 and 12months including standard questionnaires (Rivermead post-concussion symptoms questionnaire, neck disability index, dizziness handicap inventory); patient-reported measures of headache, dizziness and neck pain and participant descriptions of the effects of neck treatmentResults Grouped measures of post-concussion symptoms were further improved or sustained at 6 and 12 months. Ten of the 11 participants reported neck treatment as a beneficial part of their care and described the effects on the neck, multiple symptoms and their overall recovery. However, seven participants experienced recurrent headache, neck pain or dizziness at 6- or 12-month follow-up.

Long-term follow-up of individuals receiving neck treatment shows improvement across a range of patient reported outcomes, yet highlights frequent recurrence of symptoms. Neck treatment can play a valuable role in people's recovery that extends beyond local effects on the neck.

Long-term follow-up of individuals receiving neck treatment shows improvement across a range of patient reported outcomes, yet highlights frequent recurrence of symptoms. Neck treatment can play a valuable role in people's recovery that extends beyond local effects on the neck.The presence of coal-based power plants and coal mine in the Waterberg area subjects the Mokolo River to potentially toxic elements (PTEs) such as mercury (Hg). Mercury is an extremely toxic element. Thus, monitoring and chemical speciation of Hg in water bodies; particularly in sediments is a vital tool for assessing water quality. The objective of this study was to investigate the levels of Hg(II) and methyl Hg (MeHg(I)) in sediment samples collected from Mokolo River in different seasons, as well as examining factors such as pH, temperature and organic matter content, which could affect Hg methylation rates. An ultrasonic based method was used for the extraction of Hg species in sediments. This was followed by the chromatographic separation and detection of Hg(II) and MeHg(I) by the on-line coupling of high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) to inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). A solution containing HCl and 2-mercaptoethanol was employed for the extraction of Hg species in sediments. Separation of the two species of Hg was achieved using isocratic elution mode with a mobile phase containing L-cysteine, 2-mercaptoethanol, ammonium acetate and methanol. The accuracy of the method was checked and yielded a percentage recovery of 86%. The Hg(II) concentrations ranged from 38.4 to 89.05 ng g-1 and 34.8 to 57.3 ng g-1 in low and high flow seasons, respectively. The concentrations of MeHg(I) ranged from 0.702 to 4.5 ng g-1 and 0.5 to 2.5 ng g-1 in the low and high flow seasons, respectively. Factors such as pH and temperature were found to influence the methylation rates, however correlation couldn't be established to organic matter content due to similar amount of organic matter in all the samples.In this study, 241 vegetable-oil food samples were collected from the Hangzhou market in China and analysed for fatty acid esters of 3- and 2-monochloropropanediol (3-MCPD and 2-MCPD) using non-derivative gas chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS). Food consumption data were taken from a food consumption survey of urban and rural residents in Hangzhou city performed in 2010-2011. Levels of 3-MCPD esters in edible oil ranged from not detected to 7.98 mg/kg, and the highest mean levels were found in tea seed oil, with concentrations of 2.94 mg/kg. Esters of 2-MCPD levels ranged from not detected to 4.03 mg/kg, and the highest mean levels were also found in tea seed oil, containing 1.49 mg/kg. The range of mean dietary intake of 3-MCPD esters in different groups of edible oil was from 0.096 to 1.54 μg/kg body weight (bw) per day, which is lower than the tolerable daily intake (TDI) established by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) (2 μg/kg bw/day). For people aged above 6 years old, the dietary intake of 3-MCPD from edible oil was 0.42 μg/kg bw per day (mean) and 1.22 μg/kg bw per day (P97.5). The range of mean dietary intake of 2-MCPD esters in different groups of edible oil was from 0.025 to 0.79 μg/kg bw/day, and 2-MCPD esters intake was 0.20 μg/kg bw per day (mean) and 0.60 μg/kg bw per day (P97.5). In addition, the dietary intake exposure to 3-MCPD and 2-MCPD esters for urban residents was lower than that for rural residents. The findings indicate that the potential health risks caused by dietary 3-MCPD esters from edible oils were of low concern for most of the Hangzhou residents. However, the exposure risk for consumers with excessive consumption of certain kind of edible oil calls for attention.