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The miR-34a/NP that enters the cell and tumor tissue releases miR-34a, which suppressed CRPC cells PC-3 proliferation, promoted its apoptosis, and inhibited the growth of CRPC xenografts. Our research verified that miR-34a/NP, especially combined with UIMC, has a significant anti-tumor effect on CRPC.Apigenin as a natural flavonoid product has been proved previously to play a renoprotective effect during ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI), but the particular mechanisms involving the positive effects of apigenin remain totally unclear. The study investigated apigenin's roles and underlying biological mechanisms in IR-induced acute kidney injury (AKI). Thirty-six mice received a right nephrectomy and clamping of the left renal artery for 30 minutes, and then perfusion for 24 h. Apigenin was loaded onto a biodegradable polymer carrier (nanoparticle) to enhance its bioavailability. Mice were subjected to intraperitoneally injection with apigenin (5, 10 or 20 mg/kg) for 24 h before surgery. For in vitro experiments, mouse renal tubular epithelial cells (mRTECs) and miR-140-5p mimic/inhibitor transfected mRTECs were subjected to hypoxia/reoxygenation in the presence or absence of apigenin. In vitro, we uncovered that hypoxia/reoxygenation stimulation caused inflammatory injury in mRTECs. Apigenin reduced the hypCompared with western medicine, traditional Chinese medicine can better regulate the internal environment and inhibit liver cancer recurrence and metastasis. Bushen Jianpi Recipe (BSJPR) is a traditional Chinese medicine for tonifying the kidney and invigorating the spleen. It has also been used to treat tumors and other related diseases. Here we explore the efficacy of BSJPR inhibition of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in vivo and in vitro . Zimlovisertib molecular weight We hypothesize that BSJPR reduces intrahepatic cholestasis and inflammation and increases expression of the bile acid receptor and downstream targets. This study aims to test this hypothesis and determine whether the inhibitory effect of BSJPR on liver cancer recurrence and metastasis is related to bile acid metabolism. We also observed changes in immune cell expression, suggesting that regulation of the immune microenvironment could inhibit the recurrence and metastasis of HCC. These findings provide a basis for the treatment of HCC and new ideas for follow-up studies of BSJPR.Nanoparticulate titanium dioxide (nano-TiO₂) is a commonly used nanoparticle material and has been widely used in the fields of medicine, cosmetics, construction, and environmental protection. Numerous studies have demonstrated that nano-TiO₂ has toxic effects on neuronal development, which lead to defects in learning and memory functions. However, it is still unclear whether nano-TiO₂ inhibits the development of synapse and the underlying molecular mechanism is still unknown. In this study, nano-TiO₂ was administered to rat primary hippocampal neurons for 24 h to investigate the underlying molecular mechanisms behind the inhibition of neuronal synaptic development by nano-TiO₂. We used hippocampal neurons as a model to study the effect of nano-TiO₂ on synaptic development. Our results demonstrated that dendritic development that represented synaptic plasticity in hippocampal neurons was significantly inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner after exposure to nano-TiO₂ for 24 h. Experiments with varying ession ratios of downstream key proteins p-CREB/CREB decreased by 3.03%, 18.11%, and 30.57%; p-ERK1/2/ERK1/2 ratios decreased by 19.11%, 28.82%, and 58.09%, and p-Akt1/Akt1 ratios decreased by 1.92%, 27.79%, and 41.33%, respectively. These results demonstrated that nano-TiO₂ inhibited the normal function of the BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway, which is closely related to neuronal synapse. Thus, it can be hypothesized that the inhibition of neuronal synaptic growth by nano-TiO₂ may be related to the inhibition of BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway.Multidrug resistance (MDR) is a key to the ineffectiveness of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) chemotherapy. Oxaliplatin (OXA), as one of the first-line chemotherapeutic drugs for HCC, abnormally activates the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and DNA damage repair pathway (NHEJ and HR), causing drug resistance and consequnet compromised efficacy. Herein, we developed a hollow polydopamine nanoparticle (H-PDA)-based nano-delivery system (O/P-HP) that contained OXA and a dual PI3K/mTOR inhibitor PKI-587 with complementary effects for combating drug resistance in cancer chemotherapy. The hollow structure of H-PDA endowed O/P-HP with high loading efficiencies of OXA and PKI-587-up to 49.6% and 7.0%, respectively. In addition, benefiting from the intracellular delivery of H-PDA as well as the highly concentrated drugs therein, O/P-HP inhibited the proliferation of OXA-resistant HR cells, resulting in a cell viability of only 17.63%. These values were significantly superior to those with OXA single-agent treatment and treatment with free OXA in combination with PKI-587. We examined the intrinsic mechanisms of the combination therapy O/PHP had excellent anti-cancer effects via the simultaneous upstream and downstream action to re-sensitize HR cells to chemotherapy; OXA induced strong apoptosis via the direct platinum lesions on DNA molecules, while PKI-587 normalized the abnormally activated PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and DNA damage repair pathway (NHEJ and HR) that could attenuate the effectiveness of OXA, thus resulting in inhibition of cell proliferation, migration and DNA repair enzyme activity and the augment of apoptotic effects. Such combination therapy, with simultaneous upstream and downstream action, may be a strategy for minimizing resistance for anti-cancer treatments.Soft Tissue augmentation is a way to restore lost tissue and also a way to reshape confidence for patients who suffer from soft tissue loss. Materials that can realize such a function are called soft tissue fillers. Among the large number of fillers, injectable fillers have attracted widespread attention in facial cosmetic fields due to their convenience and competitive performance. Meanwhile, there is a huge demand for better injectable soft tissue fillers in medical cosmetology market. This review introduces several fillers which were once used in clinical or are now still in use. Furthermore, we update recent improvements and progress on injectable filling materials hoping to contribute to its further developments.