Warminghuber4381

This review focuses on our current understanding of the function of tetrapyrrole retrograde signaling on chloroplast biogenesis.

Magnesium deficiency contributes to atherogenesis partly by promoting the dysfunction of endothelial cells, which are critical in vascular homeostasis and diseases. Since EDF-1 and PPARγ regulate crucial endothelial activities, we investigated the modulation of these proteins involved in lipogenesis as well the deposition of lipids in human endothelial cells cultured in different concentrations of magnesium.

Human endothelial cells from the umbilical vein were cultured in medium containing from 0.1 to 5 mM magnesium for 24 h. The levels of EDF-1 and PPARγ were visualized by Western blot. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured by DCFDA. Lipids were detected after O Red Oil staining.

Magnesium deficiency leads to the accumulation of ROS which upregulate EDF-1. Further, PPARγ is increased after culture in low magnesium, but independently from ROS. Moreover, lipids accumulate in magnesium-deficient cells.

Our results suggest that magnesium deficiency leads to the deposition of lipids by inducing EDF-1 and PPARγ. The increase in intracellular lipids might be interpreted as an adaptive response of endothelial cells to magnesium deficiency.

Our results suggest that magnesium deficiency leads to the deposition of lipids by inducing EDF-1 and PPARγ. The increase in intracellular lipids might be interpreted as an adaptive response of endothelial cells to magnesium deficiency.The incidence of myelodysplastic syndrome increases with aging and the early diagnosis enables optimal care of these diseases. The DxH 800 hematology analyzer measures and calculates 126 cytological parameters, but only 23 are used for routine CBC assessment. The goal of this study was to use the 103 unexploited "research parameters" to develop an algorithm allowing for an early detection of subclinical MDS patients by triggering morphological analysis. Blood sample parameters from 101 MDS patients and 88 healthy volunteers were analyzed to identify the critical "research parameters" with (i) the most significant differences between MDS patients and healthy volunteers, (ii) the best contributions to principal component analysis (PCA), first axis, and (iii) the best correlations with PCA, first two axes (cos2 > 0.6). Ten critical "research parameters" of white blood cells were identified, allowing for the calculation of an MDS-likelihood score (MDS-LS), based on logistic regression. Automatic calculation of the MDS-LS is easily implementable on the middleware system of the DxH 800 to generate a flag for blood smear review, and possibly early detection of MDS patients in the general population.The astringency of red wine represents an important factor of quality and liking evaluation by consumers, but it is sometimes associated to a negative feature. We studied the differences in astringency subqualities of Sangiovese wines between consumers and trained assessors. Wines belonging to three denominations (Chianti Classico, Toscana, Morellino di Scansano) and a Chianti Classico specification (Chianti Riserva), from three price ranges (low, medium, high) were evaluated. Regular wine consumers and trained panel assessed the wines applying the Check-All-That-Apply (CATA) questionnaire relative to six astringency attributes (silk, velvet, dry, aggressive, hard, mouthcoat). Differences between panels were more associated with the high-price wines, which were characterised by negative subqualities for consumers. Preference maps revealed that mouthcoat was the term mainly associated with consumers' liking, while other subqualities as persistent, rich, and full-body, provided by the trained assessors, may represent the drivers of liking for Sangiovese wine. This study has demonstrated that a trained sensory panel provides highly valuable information regarding the mouthfeel characteristics of Sangiovese wines and the attributes driving consumer liking.Synthesis of tetravalent thio- and selenogalactopyranoside-containing glycoclusters using azide-alkyne click strategy is presented. Prepared compounds are potential ligands of Pseudomonas aeruginosa lectin PA-IL. P. aeruginosa is an opportunistic human pathogen associated with cystic fibrosis, and PA-IL is one of its virulence factors. The interactions of PA-IL and tetravalent glycoconjugates were investigated using hemagglutination inhibition assay and compared with mono- and divalent galactosides (propargyl 1-thio- and 1-seleno-β-d-galactopyranoside, digalactosyl diselenide and digalactosyl disulfide). The lectin-carbohydrate interactions were also studied by saturation transfer difference NMR technique. Pidnarulex Both thio- and seleno-tetravalent glycoconjugates were able to inhibit PA-IL significantly better than simple d-galactose or their intermediate compounds from the synthesis.Autonomous vehicles enable the development of smart warehouses and smart factories with an increased visibility, flexibility and efficiency. Thus, effective and affordable localisation methods for indoor vehicles are attracting interest to implement real-time applications. This paper presents an Extended Kalman Smoother design to both localise a mobile agent and reconstruct its entire trajectory through a sensor-fusion employing the UHF-RFID passive technology. Extensive simulations are carried out by considering the smoother optimal-window length and the effect of missing measurements from reference tags. Monte Carlo simulations are conducted for different vehicle trajectories and for different linear and angular velocities to evaluate the method accuracy. Then, an experimental analysis with a unicycle wheeled robot is performed in real indoor scenario, showing a position and orientation root mean square errors of 15 cm, and 0.2 rad, respectively.The aim of this study was to evaluate iron and zinc concentrations in the mature human milk (HM) and to investigate the relationship between these concentrations and maternal factors. HM samples were collected between 4-6 weeks postpartum from 32 healthy, exclusively breastfeeding mothers. The assessment of dietary intake during breastfeeding was based on a food frequency questionnaire and three-day dietary records. Nutritional status of participants was assessed with body mass index and body composition analysis, measured with bioelectrical impedance. HM intake was assessed with infants' weighting, whereas iron and zinc contents in HM were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer. The median intake of HM was 492.5 mL (466-528.5) and the concentrations of HM iron and zinc were 0.33 mg/L (0.26-0.46) and 2.12 mg/L (1.97-2.45), respectively. Maternal total zinc and iron intake (diet + supplementation) was positively correlated with their concentrations in HM. Consumption frequency of meat, vegetables and legumes was revealed to be a significant factor influencing zinc concentration in HM.