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In cT1 renal cell carcinoma (RCC), very few studies have compared oncological outcomes and renal function preservation rates in nephron-sparing robot-assisted partial nephrectomy (RAPN) and percutaneous cryoablation (PCA).
We retrospectively analysed 126 patients with cT1 RCC treated with RAPN (n=78) and computed tomography-guided PCA (n=48) between March 2016 and November 2019. Clinical data and outcomes were compared for the two groups.
There were no significant differences in the 3-year overall survival and relapse-free survival rates in the two groups (p=0.17 and p=0.093, respectively). The median percentage of estimated glomerular filtration rate preservation at 6 months after surgery was 91.8% and 91.4% in the RAPN and PCA groups, respectively (p=0.9).
In patients with cT1a RCC, oncological outcomes and renal function appear similar following RAPN and PCA.
In patients with cT1a RCC, oncological outcomes and renal function appear similar following RAPN and PCA.
The aim of this study was to analyze the survival predictions obtained from a recent graded prognostic model developed and validated in Japan.
This was a retrospective single-institution analysis of 249 patients, managed with whole-brain radiotherapy for brain metastases. The sum of scores was calculated as in the Japanese study. The following parameters were included number of brain metastases, volume of the largest lesion, sex, Karnofsky performance status, primary cancer type, control of primary cancer, and presence of extra-cerebral metastases.
Median overall survival was 3.0 months (95% CI= 2.6-3.4 months). The median sum of scores was 12, range=0-29. Statistically significant differences were observed between all prognostic strata.
The graded prognostic model is also applicable to patients treated with whole-brain rather than stereotactic radiotherapy.
The graded prognostic model is also applicable to patients treated with whole-brain rather than stereotactic radiotherapy.
Non-muscle invasive bladder carcinoma (NMIBC) is highly recurrent. We studied if 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) instillations before transurethral resection of bladder tumours (TURBT) and cystoscopy extend the time to recurrence during follow-up with NMIBC patients.
A prospective multicenter study enrolled 328 NMIBC patients. All TURBTs and control cystoscopies during the one-year study period were done with or without 5-ALA instillations. The primary endpoint was time to recurrence. Cytoskeletal Signaling inhibitor The secondary endpoints were time to recurrence after 7.5, 10.5, and 13.5 months and the number of patients with progressive disease.
The overall median follow-up time was 80.4 and 87.0 months for the control and study groups, respectively. There was no statistical difference in time to first recurrence between the two groups.
We could not obtain significant differences between the control and 5-ALA groups in tumour recurrence among patients with NMIBC.
We could not obtain significant differences between the control and 5-ALA groups in tumour recurrence among patients with NMIBC.
The effects of dietary protein and carbohydrate content on the plasma amino acid profile of patients with diabetes are not fully understood. Therefore, we examined whether there are effects of diets with differing proportions of protein and carbohydrate on the plasma amino acid concentrations of control (CT) mice and mice with type 2 diabetes (db).
We used db mice as an animal model of type 2 diabetes which are genetically deficient in leptin receptor. Diets with differing proportions of protein and carbohydrates (L diet low protein/carbohydrate ratio, H diet high protein/carbohydrate ratio) were supplied. db Mice were fed with a restriction on the basis of the consumption by CT-L mice, such that equivalent amounts of energy and fat were consumed. In CT mice fed the L or H diets, there was no significant difference in ad libitum food intake.
There were significant interactions between diet and genotype with respect to water intake, urine volume, urinary glucose concentration, and plasma isoleucine, leucine, valine, branched-chain amino acids, and serine concentrations. db-H mice showed significantly higher water intake, urine volume, and urinary glucose than db-L mice. db Mice fed the L or H diets had similar plasma amino acid profiles, except for valine. In contrast, CT-H mice showed significantly higher valine and branched-chain amino acids and lower serine concentrations than CT-L mice. Thus, the CT-H mice were more similar to db mice fed either of the diets.
There were different effects of the dietary protein or carbohydrate content on the plasma amino acid profiles between nondiabetic and diabetic mice. In particular, the profiles in nondiabetic conditions were different between the low- and high-protein diet conditions.
There were different effects of the dietary protein or carbohydrate content on the plasma amino acid profiles between nondiabetic and diabetic mice. In particular, the profiles in nondiabetic conditions were different between the low- and high-protein diet conditions.
Programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) and programmed death protein 1 (PD-1) expression levels in many tumors and their correlation with prognosis have been actively studied. However, studies on PD-1 expression and its prognostic value in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) are limited and controversial. In this study, we describe the expression of PD-1 and its prognostic significance and association with clinical features in patients with ccRCC.
We obtained clinicopathological data from 166 patients with ccRCC who were treated at Gyeongsang National University Hospital, Jinju, Korea between January 2000 and December 2009. Tissue microarray blocks were made using representative paraffin blocks of ccRCC specimens. Two pathologists analyzed PD-L1 and PD-1 expression in both tumor and inflammatory cells.
PD-1 expression in tumor-infiltrating inflammatory cells was significantly correlated with unfavorable disease-free survival (DFS) (p<0.001) and disease-specific survival (DSS) (p=0.002) in the univariate analysis. A statistically significant correlation between PD-1 expression and unfavorable DFS (p=0.025) was observed in the multivariate analysis.
PD-1 expression in tumor-infiltrating inflammatory cells serves as an independent prognostic factor for unfavorable DSS in patients with ccRCC.
PD-1 expression in tumor-infiltrating inflammatory cells serves as an independent prognostic factor for unfavorable DSS in patients with ccRCC.
