Waltherogle4371

To develop an automated classification system using a machine learning classifier to distinguish clinically unaffected eyes in patients with keratoconus from a normal control population based on a combination of Scheimpflug camera images and ultra-high-resolution optical coherence tomography (UHR-OCT) imaging data.

A total of 121 eyes from 121 participants were classified by 2 cornea experts into 3 groups normal (50 eyes), with keratoconus (38 eyes) or with subclinical keratoconus (33 eyes). All eyes were imaged with a Scheimpflug camera and UHR-OCT. Corneal morphological features were extracted from the imaging data. A neural network was used to train a model based on these features to distinguish the eyes with subclinical keratoconus from normal eyes. Fisher's score was used to rank the differentiable power of each feature. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were calculated to obtain the area under the ROC curves (AUCs).

The developed classification model used to combine all features fexcellent performance in discriminating eyes with subclinical keratoconus from normal eyes. The epithelial features extracted from the OCT images were the most valuable in the discrimination process. This classification system has the potential to improve the differentiable power of subclinical keratoconus and the efficiency of keratoconus screening.

To investigate the anterior segment in nanophthalmic eyes and their association with intraocular pressure after cataract surgery.

Thirty-two nanophthalmic eyes (axial length [AL] < 18.5 mm) in 18 patients and 35 normal eyes (21 ≤ AL ≤ 24.5 mm) in 35 controls who had undergone uneventful cataract surgery were included. Swept-source optical coherence tomography was used to compare the anterior segment structures between the two groups. The associations between the anterior segment characteristics of nanophthalmic eyes and postoperative intraocular pressure (IOP) were also investigated.

The IOP-lowering effect of cataract surgery was remarkably insufficient in nanophthalmic eyes. Peripheral anterior synechiae (PAS) were observed in 56% (18/32) of nanophthalmic eyes, and a characteristic boomerang-shaped iris was observed in 28% (9/32). The anterior surface of the iris seemed "smoother" in nanophthalmic eyes than in normal eyes. Schlemm's canal (SC) diameter, SC area, trabecular meshwork (TM) thickness, TM width, and TM area were generally smaller in the nanophthalmic eyes. Younger age, higher preoperative IOP, broader PAS, and smaller SC area were main contributors to higher postoperative IOP. AL and SC diameter may also be of great importance in IOP prediction in patients without glaucoma surgery and PAS.

The morphological features of the anterior segment in nanophthalmic eyes are significantly different from those of normal eyes. Influencing factors such as age, AL, preoperative IOP, extent of PAS, SC and TM size could all be prognostic for IOP after cataract surgery in nanophthalmic eyes.

ClinicalTrails.gov, Trial registration number NCT02182921, Registered 8 July 2014.

ClinicalTrails.gov, Trial registration number NCT02182921, Registered 8 July 2014.

Large and massive rotator cuff repairs constitute a true challenge for arthroscopic shoulder surgeons. Retear rates as high as 20% have been reported after arthroscopic double-row and suture-bridge techniques used for these tears.

A modified triple-row repair will provide satisfactory clinical results with lower risk for retear.

Case series; Level of evidence, 4.

Between March 2016 and August 2017, a total of 52 patients with large and massive rotator cuff tears received a modified triple-row cuff repair. A middle repositioning anchor was inserted between the medial and the lateral rows. The middle anchor sutures were loaded to lateral knotless anchors in a star-shaped configuration. Functional evaluation was performed using the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons score, University of California, Los Angeles score, Constant-Murley score, and Simple Shoulder Test. Subjective evaluation was carried out using a visual analog scale for pain and a subjective shoulder value score. Health-related as well ason for surgical management of large and massive rotator cuff tears, providing excellent results and low risk for retears.

Injury to the inferior branch of the saphenous nerve (IBSN) and the subsequent loss of skin sensation after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction are common. The literature suggests that the incision angle may affect the incidence and area of loss of skin sensation.

To determine whether there is a difference in the incidence and area of altered sensory loss on the tibia between vertical (VI) and oblique (OI) incisions for semitendinosus-gracilis tendon graft harvest during ACL reconstruction. The cadaveric component was designed to determine whether there is a "safe zone" for incision by identifying the location and number of branches of the IBSN.

Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 2.

Patients (n = 37) were randomized to receive either VI or OI. Incidence and area of altered skin sensation were documented during at least 1 postoperative visit. In addition, 18 cadaveric knees were dissected.

The presence or absence of hypoesthesia did not differ between groups postoperatively. of all nerves branches of the IBSN based on the cadaveric component of this study.

Suture tape (ST) augmented repair, an alternative to traditional Broström repair (BR), may protect the repaired anterior talofibular ligament during ligament healing. No systematic review of cohort studies has been conducted to compare traditional BR with ST-augmented repair for chronic lateral ankle instability.

To review the current evidence in the literature to ascertain whether ST-augmented repair is superior to traditional BR in managing chronic lateral ankle instability.

Systematic review; Level of evidence, 3.

A literature search was performed to identify relevant articles published in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases in accordance with PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) guidelines. The search included cohort studies comparing the efficacy of BR and ST-augmented repair procedures in terms of incidence of instability recurrence, functional scores, talar tilt angle (TTA), anterior talar translation (ATT), and complication rate. Methodological technically challenging, the ST-augmented repair procedure appears to be a safe and fast option.Cryptosporidium parvum, a major cause of diarrhea in calves, is of concern given its zoonotic potential. Numerous outbreaks of human cryptosporidiosis caused by C. parvum genetic subtypes are reported yearly worldwide, with livestock or water being frequently identified sources of infection. Although cryptosporidiosis has been reported from human patients in Uruguay, particularly children, epidemiologic information is scant and the role of cattle as reservoirs of zoonotic subtypes of C. parvum has not been explored. In this study, we aimed to (a)-identify C. AZ191 parvum subtypes infecting dairy calves in Uruguay (including potentially zoonotic subtypes), (b)-assess their association with calf diarrhea, (c)-evaluate their spatial clustering, and (d)-assess the distance of infected calves to surface watercourses draining the farmlands and determine whether these watercourses flow into public water treatment plants. Feces of 255 calves that had tested positive for Cryptosporidium spp. by antigen ELISA were selected. supply ~1,700,000 people. Infected calves on all farms were within 20-900 m of a natural surface watercourse draining the farmland, 10 of which flowed into six water treatment plants located 9-108 km downstream. Four watercourses flowed downstream into Aguas Corrientes. Calves are reservoirs of zoonotic C. parvum subtypes in Uruguay and pose a public health risk.Progress testing is an assessment tool for longitudinal measurement of increase in knowledge of a specific group, e.g., students, which is well-known in medical education. This article gives an overview of progress testing in veterinary education with a focus on the progress test of the German-speaking countries. The "progress test veterinary medicine" (PTT) was developed in 2013 as part of a project by the Competence Centre for E-Learning, Didactics and Educational Research in Veterinary Medicine-a project cooperation of all German-speaking institutes for veterinary medicine in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. After the end of the project, the PTT was still continued at six locations, at each of the five German schools for veterinary medicine and additionally in Austria. Further changes to the PTT platform and the analysis were carried out to optimize the PTT for continuing to offer the test from 2017 to 2019. The PTT is an interdisciplinary, formative electronic online test. It is taken annually and is composed of 136 multiple-choice single best answer questions. In addition, a "don't know" option is given. The content of the PTT refers to the day 1 competencies described by the European Association of Establishments for Veterinary Education. The platform Q-Exam® Institutions (IQuL GmbH, Bergisch Gladbach, Germany) is used for creating and administrating the PTT questions, the review processes and organizing of the online question database. After compiling the test by means of a blueprint, the PTT file is made available at every location. After the last PTT in 2018, the link to an evaluation was sent to the students from four out of these six partner Universities. The 450 analyzed questionnaires showed that the students mainly use the PTT to compare their individual results with those of fellow students in the respective semester. To conclude our study, a checklist with our main findings for implementing progress testing was created.The poultry red mite (Dermanyssus gallinae), an obligatory blood feeding ectoparasite, is primarily associated with laying hens where it is estimated to cause losses of ~€231 million per annum to European farmers. Moderate to high infestation levels result in negative impacts on hen welfare, including increased cannibalism, irritation, feather pecking, restlessness, anemia, and mortality. Acaricides are currently the prevailing method of population control for D. gallinae, although resistance against some classes of acaricide has been widely reported. The development of resistance highlights a growing need for research into alternative control methods, including the development of a suitable and effective vaccine. Understanding the genetic structure of D. gallinae populations can support improved management of acaricide resistance and sustainability of future vaccines, but limited data are currently available. The aim of this study was to characterize D. gallinae isolates from Europe, targeting the cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene to gain an insight into population structure and genetic diversity of currently circulating mites. Dermanyssus gallinae isolates were collected from Albania, Belgium, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, France, Greece, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Romania, Slovenia, Turkey and the United Kingdom. Genomic DNA was extracted from individual adult D. gallinae mites and a 681bp fragment of the COI gene was amplified and sequenced. Phylogenetic analyses of 195 COI sequences confirmed the presence of multiple lineages across Europe with 76 distinct haplotypes split across three main haplogroups and six sub-haplogroups. Importantly there is considerable inter- and intra-country variation across Europe, which could result from the movement of poultry or transfer of contaminated equipment and/or materials and husbandry practices.