Vinsonstrange3790

© 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Medicine has utilised plant-based treatments for millennia, but precisely how they work is unclear. One approach is to use a thermodynamic viewpoint that life arose by dissipating geothermal and/or solar potential. Hence, the ability to dissipate energy to maintain homeostasis is a fundamental principle in all life, which can be viewed as an accretion system where layers of complexity have built upon core abiotic molecules. Many of these compounds are chromophoric and are now involved in multiple pathways. Plants have further evolved a plethora of chromophoric compounds that can not only act as sunscreens and redox modifiers, but also have now become integrated into a generalised stress adaptive system. This could be an extension of the dissipative process. In animals, many of these compounds are hormetic, modulating mitochondria and calcium signalling. They can also display anti-pathogen effects. They could therefore modulate bioenergetics across all life due to the conserved electron transport chain and proton gradient. In this review paper, we focus on well-described medicinal compounds, such as salicylic acid and cannabidiol and suggest, at least in animals, their activity reflects their evolved function in plants in relation to stress adaptation, which itself evolved to maintain dissipative homeostasis. © 2020 The Authors. Phytotherapy Research published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd.The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the evidence on the efficacy of zinc supplementation in patients with pressure injuries (PIs). Electronic data bases (Embase, MEDLINE, and Web of Science) were searched from inception to 2019 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-RCTs addressing the efficacy of zinc supplementation compared with a control nutrition invention on PI outcomes. The primary study outcome was the healing rate of PIs during treatment; the secondary outcomes were the improvement of PI area and pressure ulcer scale for healing (PUSH) score. A total of 7 studies were included in this systematic review and meta-analysis. The intervention group significantly had improved healing vs that of the control group (relative risk, 1.44; 95% CI, 1.01-2.06; P = 0.043, I2 = 19.3%). There was no obvious asymmetry in the funnel plot and no strong evidence of publication bias. Sensitivity analysis showed that meta-analysis has good stability. Studies showed a greater mean reduction in PI area. All the studies we included had a significant improvement in the PUSH score of PIs. Our systematic review and meta-analysis from clinical research confirmed that zinc therapy can promote wound healing and suggest that medical staff should consider providing patients with zinc during PI treatment. © 2020 American Society for Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition.OBJECTIVE To determine the effectiveness of durotomy as an adjunct to surgical decompression in dogs with thoracolumbar intervertebral disc herniation (TL-IVDH) and loss of deep pain perception (DPP) in the hind limbs. STUDY DESIGN Retrospective study. ANIMALS Dogs (n = 116) with TL-IVDH and loss of DPP treated with hemilaminectomy. METHODS Signalment, surgical site, recovery rate, incidence of progressive myelomalacia (PMM), time elapsed from onset of paraplegia of the hind limbs to surgery (TPS), and the length of area of hyperintensity of the spinal cord on magnetic resonance T2-weighted images compared with L2 vertebral body length (LHT2) were compared between dogs treated with hemilaminectomy alone and those treated with adjunct durotomy. Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to test the association between outcomes and the external view of the spinal cord parenchyma after durotomy. RESULTS The percentage of dogs regaining ambulation was greater when durotomy was performed (56.9%) than when dogs were treated with hemilaminectomy alone (38.5%; P = .04). Oxidopamine nmr In the hemilaminectomy group, 14 dogs died of suspected PMM, while no PMM was detected in the durotomy group. Durotomy, breed, surgical site, and LHT2 influenced recovery. No association was detected between age, sex, body weight, and TPS and recovery. CONCLUSION Performing a durotomy in combination with decompression improved the return to function and prevented PMM in our clinical setting. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Surgeons should consider durotomy in dogs with TL-IVDH and loss of DPP in hind limbs to improve surgical outcome. © 2020 The American College of Veterinary Surgeons.The requirement of net protein (NP) and metabolizable protein (MP) by Dorper crossbred ewe lambs grown from 35 to 50 kg of body weight (BW) was assessed by comparative slaughter experiment. Thirty-five ewe lambs (33.5 ± 0.6 kg BW) of F1 crosses of Dorper × thin-tailed Han sheep were used 7 lambs were slaughtered as reference animals at the start of the trial, and the remaining 28 lambs were randomly divided into 4 groups of 7 lambs each. Three of the 4 groups were fed a pelleted mixed diet (concentrate/roughage = 4456, dry matter basis) for ad libitum intake or 65% or 45% of ad libitum intake, and they were all slaughtered when the lambs that were fed ad libitum reached 50 kg BW. The lambs from the fourth group were also fed ad libitum and slaughtered at 43 kg BW as the intermediate group. The intake of MP by the animals of these 4 groups was estimated, and their total body protein and protein retention were measured. The daily requirements of NP and MP for maintenance were 1.52 and 3.98 g/kg BW0.75 , respectively, with a partial efficiency of MP utilization for maintenance of 0.38. The MP requirement for growth ranged from 77.4 to 124.5 g/day for average daily gains from 100 to 250 g BW, and the partial efficiency of MP utilization for growth was 0.66. The Dorper crossbred ewe lambs required more MP for both maintenance and growth in comparison with the recommendations of the US nutritional system. © 2020 Blackwell Verlag GmbH.Whole-genome next-generation sequencing was used to investigate the local evolution of viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus, a serious pathogen affecting economically important fish such as rainbow trout and turbot in Europe and olive flounder in Asia. Sequence analysis showed that all isolates were genotype IVa, but could be classified further into four subgroups (K1-K4). In addition, genomic regions encompassing the nucleoprotein, phosphoprotein, matrix protein and non-virion protein genes, as well as the seven non-coding regions, were relatively conserved, whereas glycoprotein and RNA-dependent RNA polymerase genes were variable in the coding region. Taken together, the data demonstrate that whole-genome next-generation sequencing may be useful for future surveillance, prevention and control strategies against viral haemorrhagic septicaemia. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.