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The purpose of this paper is to help us understand how and why the COVID pandemic, and its associated biopolitics of social distancing, may have affected our relationships with our own bodies and other persons, thus helping to accelerate what might be termed a bracketing of presence that was already well underway in our modern and contemporary social practices. We focus on 3 historical vectors, all rooted in specific technologies, that have profound implications at the levels of our social imaginary and prereflective ways of being architecture, social media, and medicine. Architecture has progressively eliminated "porosity" between spaces by establishing clear borders between public and private spaces (also within the private ones), thereby contributing to our drive for social distancing. Social media have provided apparatuses that replace intercorporeal encounters with disembodied, virtual interactions mediated by images. Visual experiences that are more embodied, participatory, and "immersed" are replaced by passive forms of "seeing" the other becomes an image for me, and I for the other. The object of medicine has also recently dematerialized with the advent of the new "optical" and "digital" machines of modern medicine, which can operate remotely thanks to an increasingly powerful interface reliant on computational power and the resources of artificial intelligence, thereby dispensing with body-to-body interactions. We offer these reflections as routes to a better understanding of changes that have occurred and are occurring on the planes of both culture and individual psychological existence.

Several studies in the adult population have shown that obesity is an independent risk factor for elevated intraocular pressure (IOP), whereas data in the paediatric population are sparse and controversial. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the relationship between body mass index (BMI), blood pressure (BP), and IOP in healthy school children.

The survey was conducted among a random sample of 8-year-old Italian students. Data were collected on their health status and behaviours related to obesity (physical activity, food and drinking habits, etc.). Physical examinations, conducted at school, included measurements of height, weight, BP, and IOP.

Five hundred and seventy-six subjects were recruited (92.8% response rate); 42.4% were overweight or obese, 58.9% consumed inadequate daily servings of fruit and vegetables, and 87.5% were involved in sedentary activities. Elevated BP/hypertension (HTN) affected 3.6% and high IOP was revealed in 12.5% of the children. In the multivariate analysis, elevated BP/HTN was the only significant determinant of ocular HTN (OR 5.36, 95% CI 1.95-14.73, p = 0.001).

Our results show that high IOP affects 12.5% of 8-year-old school children and appears to be associated with high BP related to a high BMI.

Our results show that high IOP affects 12.5% of 8-year-old school children and appears to be associated with high BP related to a high BMI.

The objective of our study was to develop an optical method that instantly evaluates the stability of sclerosing foam, which would enable early predictions of the clinical performance of the foam and reduce the occurrence of clinical side effects.

Based on the principle of light scattering, we developed a method to optically test foam stability and verified it experimentally using sodium morrhuate (2 mL; 0.05 g/mL) and carbon dioxide. A self-made foam preparation instrument was used to achieve a preparation speed of 275 mm/s. The liquid-gas ratios were considered as 13, 14, and 15. Curves of illuminance with respect to the drainage rate and decay time were obtained. By fitting the curve, the relationship between foam half-life time (FHT) and foam decay was obtained. Thus, foam stability was evaluated using the initial illuminance value; the foam transfer time was approximately 3 s.

The experimental FHT varies between 205 and 232 s. Illuminance is exponentially related to drainage rate and linearly related with time. FHT can be expressed by the initial illuminance and illuminance curve fitting coefficients. The half-life of the foam decreases as the initial illuminance value increases, for the same sclerosing drug. The suitability of foam stability is determined by the position of the initial value in the chart.

Optical methods are feasible for evaluating foam stability over a short period of time. Clinically predicting the stability of freshly prepared foam can reduce number of incidences of further complications. selleck chemical This will promote the development of foam sclerotherapy and provide a basic understanding of the internal mechanical properties of foam.

Optical methods are feasible for evaluating foam stability over a short period of time. Clinically predicting the stability of freshly prepared foam can reduce number of incidences of further complications. This will promote the development of foam sclerotherapy and provide a basic understanding of the internal mechanical properties of foam.

Progression of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) to invasive carcinoma is a critical factor impacting the prognosis of patients with pancreatic tumors. However, the molecular mechanisms involved are not fully understood. We have reported that the process frequently involves loss of chromosome 8p, causing downregulation of DUSP4, thus conferring invasive ability on cancer cells. Here, we focus on ZNF395, whose expression was also found to be decreased by 8p loss and was predicted to be a growth suppressor gene.

Pancreatic cancer cell lines inducibly expressing ZNF395 were established to assess the functional significance of ZNF395 in pancreatic carcinogenesis. Immunohistochemistry was also performed to analyze the expression levels of ZNF395 in pancreatic cancer tissues.

Induction of ZNF395 in pancreatic cancer cells resulted in marked activation of JNK and suppression of their proliferation through a delay in cell cycle progression. Immunohistochemistry revealed that ZNF395 was expressed ubiquitously in both normal pancreatic ducts and PanINs but was significantly reduced in invasive cancers, especially those showing poor differentiation.

ZNF395 acts as a novel tumor suppressor gene. Its downregulation caused by 8p loss in intraepithelial cells accelerates their proliferation through dysregulation of the cell cycle, leading to progression to invasive cancer.

ZNF395 acts as a novel tumor suppressor gene. Its downregulation caused by 8p loss in intraepithelial cells accelerates their proliferation through dysregulation of the cell cycle, leading to progression to invasive cancer.

Pneumatization of the sphenoid sinus (SS) varies widely among different ethnic groups. Information regarding the prevalence and significance of SS variants among Hispanic groups is limited. This study aims to describe and analyze pneumatization and septation patterns of the SS in a Hispanic population.

A total of 160 paranasal sinus computed tomographies were reviewed by a head and neck-specialized radiologist and 2 otolaryngologists.

The postsellar and sellar types were the most frequent patterns of pneumatization observed, with a prevalence of 52.5 and 40%, respectively. Accessory septations were present in 59.4% of the patients. Septa were inserting over the internal carotid artery (ICA) in 43.8% and over the optic nerve in 17.5% of the population. No significant association (p > 0.05) was observed when comparing the different accessory septation patterns among the types of the SS. The frequency of septa inserting on the ICA was significantly higher in postsellar types (p < 0.001). Pneumatizati related neurovascular structures.

Data on valid incidence estimates of perinatal arterial ischemic stroke (PAIS) are scarce. This analysis aims to determine incidence of PAIS in term- and preterm-born infants and to investigate clinical differences related to prematurity.

This surveillance study (2015-2017) in all German paediatric hospital estimated incidences for MRI-confirmed PAIS in term and preterm infants. To correct for under-reporting, we performed capture-recapture-calculations (CRC) in the most populous federal state and extrapolated nationwide. Differences in clinical presentation in term- and preterm-born infants were assessed.

126 term- and 19 preterm-born infants with PAIS were reported. CRC corrected incidence of PAIS was 22 (95% confidence interval [CI] 17, 27) per 100,000 live births. Stratified by prematurity, the incidence was 32 (95% CI 15, 49) per 100,000 in preterm-born infants and 21 (95% CI 16, 26) per 100,000 term-born infants (significant difference p = 0.001). In symptomatic cases only (n = 120 term born, n = mptoms were often unspecific.Bradykinin increases skin blood flow via a cGMP mechanism but its role in sweating in vivo is unclear. There is a current need to translate cell culture and nonhuman paw pad studies into in vivo human preparations to test for therapeutic viability for disorders affecting sweat glands. Protocol 1 physiological sweating was induced in 10 healthy subjects via perfusing warm (46-48°C) water through a tube-lined suit while bradykinin type 2 receptor (B2R) antagonist (HOE-140; 40 μM) and only the vehicle (lactated Ringer's) were perfused intradermally via microdialysis. Heat stress increased sweat rate (HOE-140 = +0.79 ± 0.12 and vehicle = +0.64 ± 0.10 mg/cm2/min), but no differences were noted with B2R antagonism. Protocol 2 pharmacological sweating was induced in 6 healthy subjects via intradermally perfusing pilocarpine (1.67 mg/mL) followed by the same B2R antagonist approach. Pilocarpine increased sweating (HOE-140 = +0.38 ± 0.16 and vehicle = +0.32 ± 0.12 mg/cm2/min); again no differences were observed with B2R antagonism. Last, 5 additional subjects were recruited for various control experiments which identified that a functional dose of HOE-140 was utilized and it was not sudorific during normothermic conditions. These data indicate B2R antagonists do not modulate physiologically or pharmacologically induced eccrine secretion volumes. Thus, B2R agonist/antagonist development as a potential therapeutic target for hypo- and hyperhidrosis appears unwarranted.Bacterial predation is a ubiquitous and fundamental biological process, which influences the community composition of microbial ecosystems. Among the best characterised bacterial predators are the myxobacteria, which include the model organism Myxococcus xanthus. Predation by M. xanthus involves the secretion of antibiotic metabolites and hydrolytic enzymes, which results in the lysis of prey organisms and release of prey nutrients into the extracellular milieu. Due to the generalist nature of this predatory mechanism, M. xanthus has a broad prey range, being able to kill and consume Gram-negative/positive bacteria and fungi. Potential prey organisms have evolved a range of behaviours which protect themselves from attack by predators. In recent years, several investigations have studied the molecular responses of a broad variety of prey organisms to M. xanthus predation. It seems that the diverse mechanisms employed by prey belong to a much smaller number of general "predation resistance" strategies. In this mini-review, we present the current state of knowledge regarding M.