Vilstrupbauer9166

variation regarding PCI was found which stresses the importance of ongoing trials.

Hepatic hemangiomas are benign tumors with a favorable prognosis, but giant hepatic hemangiomas can cause abdominal symptoms and are indicated for treatment. Most cases are treated with surgery, but radiotherapy has also been used. However, to date, there have been no reports of proton beam therapy for a hepatic hemangioma.

A 46-year-old woman had a tumor of 80×80mm in the left medial lobe of the liver, which was diagnosed as a giant hemangioma based on the contrast pattern. Therapy was required for a giant hepatic hemangioma with symptoms, but the patient refused blood transfusion due to religious reasons, which made surgical resection difficult. Therefore, she was referred to our hospital for proton beam therapy. At her first visit, liver function was Child-Pugh A (5 points) and there was no elevation of tumor markers. Proton beam therapy of 28.6Gy (RBE) given in 13 fractions was performed without interruption. The only observed acute radiation toxicity was Grade 1 dermatitis. One year after proton beam therapy, the hemangioma had significantly decreased, and a complete response has been maintained for 15years based on ultrasound and MRI.

This case is the first reported use of proton beam therapy for a hepatic hemangioma. The outcome suggests that this treatment may be effective for a giant liver hemangioma.

This case is the first reported use of proton beam therapy for a hepatic hemangioma. The outcome suggests that this treatment may be effective for a giant liver hemangioma.With increasing interest in stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) for unresectable pancreatic cancer, quality improvement (QI) initiatives to develop integrated clinical workflows are crucial to ensure quality assurance (QA) when introducing this challenging technique into radiation practices.

In 2017, we used the Plan, Do, Study, Act (PDSA) QI methodology to implement a new pancreas SBRT program in an integrated community radiation oncology satellite. A unified integrated information technology infrastructure was used to virtually integrate the planned workflow into the community radiation oncology satellite network (P - Plan/D - Do). This workflow included multiple prospective quality assurance (QA) measures including multidisciplinary evaluation, prospective scrutiny of radiation target delineation, prospective radiation plan evaluation, and monitoring of patient outcomes. Institutional review board approval was obtained to retrospectively study and report outcomes of patients treated in this program (S - Study).

There were 12 consecutive patients identified who were treated in this program from 2017 to 2020 with a median follow-up of 27months. The median survival was 13months, median local failure free survival was 12months and median progression free survival was 6months from SBRT. There were no acute or late Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Effects (CTCAE) version 5 toxicities≥Grade 3.

We report the successful implementation of a community pancreas SBRT program involving multiple prospective QA measures, providing the groundwork to safely expand access to pancreas SBRT in our community satellite network (A - Act).

We report the successful implementation of a community pancreas SBRT program involving multiple prospective QA measures, providing the groundwork to safely expand access to pancreas SBRT in our community satellite network (A - Act).

Locoregional recurrence remains a major cause of failure in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Human papilloma virus (HPV)-associated HNSCCs generally have a good prognosis but may recur even after standard photon radiotherapy (RT). Another incentive in observing patterns of recurrence is increased use of highly conformal techniques such as proton therapy. We therefore studied geographic distribution of recurrent tumors in relation to the high-risk treatment volume in a cohort of patients with HNSCC receiving combined modality therapy.

Medical records of 508 patients diagnosed with HNSCC in 2010-2015 were reviewed. We identified a subgroup that had local and/or regional recurrence at hybrid positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) and/or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). We adapted p16 as a surrogate marker for HPV-positivity and only patients with known p16 status were eligible for a detailed analysis where recurrent tumor was copied on the planning CT and the dose received recur in high-risk treatment volume despite the common view of high radiosensitivity of the former. Biomarkers predicting radioresistance should be characterized in p16 positive tumors before widely embarking on de-escalated CRT protocols. Another concern is how to decrease the number of true or marginal misses in p16 negative cases despite multimodality imaging-based target delineation.In order to better understand how the complex, densely packed, heterogeneous milieu of a cell influences enzyme kinetics, we exposed opposing reactions catalyzed by yeast alcohol dehydrogenase (YADH) to both synthetic and protein crowders ranging from 10 to 550 kDa. The results reveal that the effects from macromolecular crowding depend on the direction of the reaction. The presence of the synthetic polymers, Ficoll and dextran, decrease Vmax and Km for ethanol oxidation. In contrast, these crowders have little effect or even increase these kinetic parameters for acetaldehyde reduction. This increase in Vmax is likely due to excluded volume effects, which are partially counteracted by viscosity hindering release of the NAD+ product. Macromolecular crowding is further complicated by the presence of a depletion layer in solutions of dextran larger than YADH, which diminishes the hindrance from viscosity. The disparate effects from 25 g/L dextran or glucose compared to 25 g/L Ficoll or sucrose reveals that soft interactions must also be considered. Data from binary mixtures of glucose, dextran, and Ficoll support this "tuning" of opposing factors. Anacetrapib mouse While macromolecular crowding was originally proposed to influence proteins mainly through excluded volume effects, this work compliments the growing body of evidence revealing that other factors, such as preferential hydration, chemical interactions, and the presence of a depletion layer also contribute to the overall effect of crowding.