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In addition, the measured g factors are valuable input parameters for optimizing band structure calculations of these 2D materials.The dissociative above-threshold double ionization (ATDI) of H_2 in strong laser fields involves the sequential releasing of two electrons at specific instants with the stretching of the molecular bond. By mapping the releasing instants of two electrons to their emission directions in a multicycle polarization-skewed femtosecond laser pulse, we experimentally clock the dissociative ATDI of H_2 via distinct photon-number-resolved pathways, which are distinguished in the kinetic energy release spectrum of two protons measured in coincidence. The timings of the experimentally resolved dissociative ATDI pathways are in good accordance with the classical predictions. Our results verify the multiphoton scenario of the dissociative ATDI of H_2 in both time and energy fashion, strengthening the understanding of the strong-field phenomenon and providing a robust tool with a subcycle time resolution to clock abundant ultrafast dynamics of molecules.We report the first measurement of sub-Doppler molecular response using a frequency comb by employing the comb as a probe in optical-optical double-resonance spectroscopy. We use a 3.3  μm continuous wave pump and a 1.67  μm comb probe to detect sub-Doppler transitions to the 2ν_3 and 3ν_3 bands of methane with ∼1.7  MHz center frequency accuracy. These measurements provide the first verification of the accuracy of theoretical predictions from highly vibrationally excited states, needed to model the high-temperature spectra of exoplanets. Transition frequencies to the 3ν_3 band show good agreement with the TheoReTS line list.A phase reference has been a standard requirement in continuous-variable quantum sensing and communication protocols. However, maintaining a phase reference is challenging due to environmental fluctuations, preventing quantum phenomena such as entanglement and coherence from being utilized in many scenarios. We show that quantum communication and entanglement-assisted communication without a phase reference are possible, when a short-time memory effect is present. The degradation in the communication rate of classical or quantum information transmission decreases inversely with the correlation time. Exact solutions of the quantum capacity and entanglement-assisted classical and quantum capacity for pure dephasing channels are derived, where non-Gaussian multipartite-entangled states show strict advantages over usual Gaussian sources. For thermal-loss dephasing channels, lower bounds of the capacities are derived. The lower bounds also extend to scenarios with fading effects in the channel. In addition, for entanglement-assisted communication, the lower bounds can be achieved by a simple phase-encoding scheme on two-mode squeezed vacuum sources, when the noise is large.We propose a route to achieve odd-parity spin-triplet (OPST) superconductivity in metallic collinear antiferromagnets with inversion symmetry. Owing to the existence of hidden antiunitary symmetry, which we call the effective time-reversal symmetry (eTRS), the Fermi surfaces of ordinary antiferromagnetic metals are generally spin degenerate, and spin-singlet pairing is favored. However, by introducing a local inversion symmetry breaking perturbation that also breaks the eTRS, we can lift the degeneracy to obtain spin-polarized Fermi surfaces. In the weak-coupling limit, the spin-polarized Fermi surfaces constrain the electrons to form spin-triplet Cooper pairs with odd parity. Interestingly, all the odd-parity superconducting ground states we obtained host nontrivial band topologies manifested as chiral topological superconductors, second-order topological superconductors, and nodal superconductors. selleck chemicals We propose that double perovskite oxides with collinear antiferromagnetic or ferrimagnetic ordering, such as SrLaVMoO_6, are promising candidate systems where our theoretical ideas can be applied to.Emulsions are omnipresent in the food industry, health care, and chemical synthesis. In this Letter the dynamics of metastable oil-water emulsions in highly turbulent (10^11≤Ta≤3×10^13) Taylor-Couette flow, far from equilibrium, is investigated. By varying the oil-in-water void fraction, catastrophic phase inversion between oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions can be triggered, changing the morphology, including droplet sizes, and rheological properties of the mixture, dramatically. The manifestation of these different states is exemplified by combining global torque measurements and local in situ laser induced fluorescence microscopy imaging. Despite the turbulent state of the flow and the dynamic equilibrium of the oil-water mixture, the global torque response of the system is found to be as if the fluid were Newtonian, and the effective viscosity of the mixture was found to be several times bigger or smaller than either of its constituents.Ultrafast transmission changes around the fundamental trion resonance are studied after exciting a p-shell exciton in a negatively charged II-VI quantum dot. The biexcitonic induced absorption reveals quantum beats between hot-trion states at 133 GHz. While interband dephasing is dominated by relaxation of the P-shell hole within 390 fs, trionic coherence remains stored in the spin system for 85 ps due to Pauli blocking of the triplet electron. The complex spectrotemporal evolution of transmission is explained analytically by solving the Maxwell-Liouville equations. Pump and probe polarizations provide full control over amplitude and phase of the quantum beats.By generating a Brillouin laser in an optical microresonator, we realize a soliton Kerr microcomb through exciting the Kerr frequency comb using the generated Brillouin laser in the same cavity. The intracavity Brillouin laser pumping scheme enables us to access the soliton states with a blue-detuned input pump. Because of the ultranarrow linewidth and the low-noise properties of the generated Brillouin laser, the observed soliton microcomb exhibits narrow-linewidth comb lines and stable repetition rate. Also, we demonstrate a low-noise microwave signal with phase noise of -49  dBc/Hz at 10 Hz, -130  dBc/Hz at 10 kHz, and -149  dBc/Hz at 1 MHz offsets for a 10.43 GHz carrier with only a free-running input pump. The easy operation of the Brillouin-Kerr soliton microcomb with excellent performance makes our scheme promising for practical applications.