Vilhelmsenabernathy4876
Incubation at 37°C enhanced adherence after 30 s or 5 days of contact time, and adherence after 1 h of contact time was increased in low-salt medium. Broth inoculum cultures were highly influenced by medium salinity and incubation temperature, whereas plate and biphasic inoculum cultures were only minimally affected. Therefore, inocula prepared from bacteria grown on plates or in biphasic culture would be most suitable for evaluation of strategies used to interfere with plant-Salmonella interactions. However, pooled data mask serovar-specific responses, and care should be taken when extrapolating these findings to individual serovars. The previous association of a serovar with outbreaks involving leafy greens was not correlated with levels of interaction with red leaf lettuce, suggesting that the occurrence of these serovars in or on these commodities does not reflect their fitness in the plant environment.
Contamination of beer arises in 50% of all events at the late stages of production, in the filling area. This is where biofilms, a consortia of microorganisms embedded in a matrix composed of extracellular polymeric substances, play a critical role. To date, most studies have focused on the presence of (biofilm-forming) microorganisms in the filling environment. Our aim was to characterize the microbial status as well as the presence of possible biofilms at a can filling line for beer by determining the presence of microorganisms and their associated matrix components (carbohydrates, proteins and extracellular DNA [eDNA]). For 23 sampling sites, targeted quantitative PCR confirmed the presence of microorganisms at 10 sites during operation and at 3 sites after cleaning. The evaluation of carbohydrates, eDNA, and proteins showed that 16 sites were positive for at least one component during operation and 4 after cleaning. We identified one potential biofilm hotspot, namely the struts below the filler, harboring high loads of bacteria and yeast, eDNA, carbohydrates, and proteins. The protein pattern was different from that of beer. This work deepens our understanding of biofilms and microorganisms found at the filling line of beer beverages at sites critical for production.
The foodborne pathogen Listeria monocytogenes lives as a saprophyte in nature and can adhere to and grow on surfaces as diverse as leaves, sediment, and stainless steel. To discern the mechanisms used by L. monocytogenes for attachment and growth on various surfaces, we studied interactions between the pathogen on lettuce and stainless steel. A panel of 24 strains (23 L. BAY218 monocytogenes and 1 Listeria innocua) were screened for attachment and growth on lettuce at 4 and 25°C and on stainless steel at 10 and 37°C. Overnight growth of attached cells resulted in a 0- to 3-log increase on lettuce, depending on the strain and the temperature. Among the worst-performing strains on lettuce were two from a large cantaloupe outbreak, indicating that factors important for interactions with cantaloupe may be different from those required on lettuce tissue. Strains that grew the best on lettuce belonged to serotypes 1/2a, 1/2b, and 4b and were from cheese, potatoes, and water-sediment near produce fields. Confocal microscopy of L. monocytogenes tagged with constitutively expressed green fluorescent protein indicated associations with the cut edges and veins of lettuce leaves. On stainless steel coupons, there was a 5- to 7-log increase at 10°C after 7 days and a 4- to 7-log increase at 37°C after 40 h. Statistically, surface growth on stainless steel was better for serotype 1/2a than for serotype 4b strains, even though certain serotype 4b strains grew well on the coupons. The latter included strains that originated from produce and water-sediment. Some strains were fit in both environments, whereas others showed variability between the two different surfaces. Further analysis of these strains should reveal molecular factors needed for adherence and surface growth of L. monocytogenes on different biotic and abiotic surfaces.
When resources are limited, occupational health survey participants are usually invited to consultations based on an occupational health provider's subjective considerations. This study aimed to find health survey participants at risk of long-term (i.e., ≥ 42 consecutive days) sickness absence (LTSA) for consultations with occupational health providers (OHPs).
The data of 64 011 non-sicklisted participants in occupational health surveys between 2010 and 2015 were used for the study. In a random sample of 40 000 participants, 27 survey variables were included in decision tree analysis (DTA) predicting LTSA at 1-year follow-up. The decision tree was transferred into a strategy to find participants for OHP consultations, which was then tested in the remaining 24 011 participants.
In the development sample, 1358 (3.4%) participants had LTSA at 1-year follow-up. DTA produced a decision tree with work ability as first splitting variable; company size and sleep problems were the other splitting variables. A strategy differentiating by company size would find 75% of the LTSA cases in small (≤99 workers) companies and 43% of the LTSA cases in medium-sized (100-499 workers) companies. For large companies (≥500 workers), case-finding was only 25%.
In small and medium-sized companies, work ability and sleep problems can be used to find occupational health survey participants for OHP consultations aimed at preventing LTSA. Research is needed to further develop a case-finding strategy for large companies.
In small and medium-sized companies, work ability and sleep problems can be used to find occupational health survey participants for OHP consultations aimed at preventing LTSA. Research is needed to further develop a case-finding strategy for large companies.We report the emergence of non-susceptibility to cefiderocol from a subpopulation of Pseudomonas aeruginosa recovered from a patient without history of cefiderocol exposure. Whole genome sequencing identified mutations in major iron transport pathways previously associated with cefiderocol uptake. Susceptibility testing should be performed before therapy with siderophore cephalosporins.
Research has demonstrated sense of purpose predicts better health in older adulthood. However, work is limited with respect to understanding how experiencing a health event or illness diagnosis impacts older adults' sense of purpose.
The current study employed a propensity score matching approach to compare older adults who did or did not experience an adverse health event on changes in sense of purpose across three waves of the Health and Retirement Study. Sense of purpose was assessed at each wave, and changes were compared between people who did versus did not experience one of seven diagnoses and health events.
When propensity score matching was employed, no differences in trajectories of change for sense of purpose were found with respect to all seven events. Individual differences in trajectories though were evidenced across groups.
The current findings suggest that even when health events impact older adults' physical functioning or place limitations on their activity, it may hold little ramifications for their sense of purpose. Future research should consider this potential for resilience, focusing on how adults compensate for losses.
The current findings suggest that even when health events impact older adults' physical functioning or place limitations on their activity, it may hold little ramifications for their sense of purpose. Future research should consider this potential for resilience, focusing on how adults compensate for losses.
Does goserelin, a GnRH agonist, have a protective effect in young breast cancer patients in terms of ovarian reserve markers anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and antral follicle count (AFC) during chemotherapy?
Compared with chemotherapy alone, concurrent goserelin is associated with a higher probability of ovarian reserve recovery at 1 year after chemotherapy.
Previous studies on the administration of goserelin to protect ovarian function during chemotherapy have produced conflicting results because of the endpoint used, namely, chemotherapy-induced amenorrhoea. Reproductive medicine specialists consider AMH and AFC as the most sensitive ovarian reserve markers; however, they have never been used as biomarkers to assess the potential protective effects on ovarian reserve of goserelin during chemotherapy.
This was a prospective cohort study in which patients were assigned to receive (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy with goserelin (the goserelin group) or without goserelin (the control group) according to each pYFC0901302, by the Research and Development Fund of Peking University People's Hospital No. RD2014-13, RDY2017-19 and by AstraZeneca. The authors have no disclosures.
NCT02430103.
NCT02430103.
Strategies for deploying clinical pharmacists to increase access to buprenorphine in inpatient, outpatient and transitional care, and community practice settings are described.
Access to medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD) is essential, but patients face many barriers when pursuing treatment and MOUD. The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has compounded the opioid crisis and worsened outcomes by introducing new barriers to MOUD access. Many strategies to ensure continued access to MOUD have been described, but the role of leveraging pharmacists during the opioid/COVID-19 syndemic to improve medication access and outcomes remains underappreciated. Pharmacists, while both qualified and capable of liberalizing access to all forms of MOUD, may have the strongest impact by increasing access to buprenorphine. Herein, we present progressive strategies to maintain and extend buprenorphine access for patients with OUD through deployment of clinical pharmacists, particularly in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, during which access may be further restricted.
Leveraging pharmacists to extend access to MOUD, particularly buprenorphine, remains an underutilized strategy that should be implemented, particularly during the concurrent COVID-19 global pandemic.
Leveraging pharmacists to extend access to MOUD, particularly buprenorphine, remains an underutilized strategy that should be implemented, particularly during the concurrent COVID-19 global pandemic.
Emerging evidence points to a link between creeping fat and pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD). Non-invasive assessment of the severity of creeping fat on cross-sectional imaging modality has seldom been investigated. This study aimed to develop and characterize a novel mesenteric creeping fat index (MCFI) based on CT in CD patients.
MCFI was developed based on vascular findings on CT in retrospective cohort (n=91) and validated in prospective cohort (n=30). The severity of creeping fat was graded based on the extent to which mesenteric fat extended around the intestinal circumference using the vessels in the fat as a marker. The accuracy of MCFI was assessed by comparing it with the degree of creeping fat observed in surgical specimens. The relationship between MCFI and fibrostenosis was characterized by determining if these correlated. The accuracy of MCFI was compared with other radiographic indices (i.e. visceral to subcutaneous fat area ratio and fibrofatty proliferation score).
In retrospective cohort, MCFI had moderate accuracy in differentiating moderate-severe from mild fibrostenosis (AUC=0.
