Vicktran0602

Conclusion Based on the results of the current systematic review, canakinumab is an effective long-term treatment with a favorable safety profile in patients with Schnitzler syndrome.Idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIMs) are a group of heterogeneous autoimmune diseases characterized by muscle weakness, muscle inflammation and extramuscular manifestations. Despite extensive efforts, the mechanisms of IIMs remain largely unknown, and treatment is still a challenge for physicians. Metabolism changes have emerged as a crucial player in autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, little is known about metabolism changes in IIMs. In this review, we focus on the alteration of metabolism profile in IIMs, and the relationships with clinical information. We highlight the potential roles of metabolism in the pathogenesis of IIMs and discuss future perspectives for metabolic checkpoint-based therapeutic interventions.Background and aim Assessing cranial artery inflammation plays an important role in the diagnosis of cranial giant cell arteritis (C-GCA). However, current diagnostic tests are limited. The use of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET)/CT imaging is an established tool for assessing large vessel inflammation but is currently not used for assessment of the cranial arteries. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of FDG-PET/CT in the diagnosis of biopsy proven C-GCA and its relation to clinical presentation. Methods This retrospective case control study included temporal artery biopsy (TAB) positive C-GCA patients and age- and sex-matched controls. FDG-PET/CT scans were performed according to EANM/EARL guidelines, visually assessed by an experienced nuclear medicine physician, and semiquantitatively assessed using the maximum standardised uptake value (SUVmax). The visual and semiquantitative assessments were performed on the temporal arteries, maxillary arteries, vertebral aon.Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has been often referred to as an executive function deficit disorder with a specific electrophysiological signature. Although previous research suggests that individuals with subthreshold symptoms also suffer from severe impairments in daily life, only few studies have investigated cognitive and neural alterations in this group. Here, we explored impairments in executive functions and their electrophysiological correlates in a sample of adults with full syndrome (N = 113) and subthreshold (N = 46) ADHD compared to controls (N = 42). Results suggest that adults with full syndrome ADHD exhibit more executive function deficits than controls, while there were no electrophysiological differences found between groups. Also, we observed only small differences in neuropsychological variables between subthreshold ADHD and controls and no evidence for altered neural activity in the resting state. While subthreshold ADHD was not associated with altered executive functions or abnormal electrophysiological activity, this group reported significant psychological impairments and comorbidity.Objective Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and restricted food access have been associated with risk for eating disorders (EDs). This study examined the relationship between childhood food neglect, an ACE specifically involving restricted food access, and DSM-5-defined EDs in a nationally representative sample of U.S. adults, with a particular focus on whether the relationship persists after adjusting for other ACEs and family financial difficulties. Methods Participants were 36,145 respondents from the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions III (NESARC-III) who provided data regarding childhood food neglect. Prevalence rates of lifetime anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), and binge-eating disorder (BED) were determined for those who reported versus denied childhood food neglect. Analyses compared the odds of each ED diagnosis after adjusting for sociodemographic characteristics (Model 1) and further adjusting for other ACEs and governmental-financial support during childhood (Model 2). Results Prevalence estimates for AN, BN, and BED with a history of childhood food neglect were 2.80% (SE = 0.81), 0.60% (SE = 0.21), and 3.50% (SE = 0.82), respectively and 0.80% (SE = 0.07), 0.30% (SE = 0.03), and 0.80% (SE = 0.05) for those without a history (all significantly different, p less then .05). In the fully-adjusted model, odds of having an ED diagnosis were significantly higher for AN (AOR = 2.98 [95% CI = 1.56-5.71]) and BED (AOR = 2.95 [95% CI = 1.73-5.03]) in respondents with a history of childhood food neglect compared with those without. Conclusion Individuals who experience childhood food neglect may be at increased risk for AN and BED and the elevated risk exists after adjusting for other adverse experiences and financial difficulties during childhood.Not required.In the absence of sodium dithionite (DT), addition of the large anions Br-, I- and HS- to the MoFe proteins of Azotobacter vinelandii (Av1) and Clostridium pasteurianum (Cp1) released ~1.0 H2/MoFe protein with an associated increase in the absorbance from 400 to 800 nm, indicative of protein oxidation. The reaction of I- with Cp1 released ~1.0 H2/Cp1 with 0.91 ± 0.12 I-/Mo or 1.82 I-/ Cp1. Oxo anions phosphate, molybdate and ADP also produced ~1.0 H2/ MoFe protein with similar increases in absorbance. H2 was not evolved with Cl- addition but in contrast to other anions, the absorbance decreased from 400 to 800 nm. In the presence of large anions and with excess DT both Cp1 and Av1 slowly evolve H2 through the process of DT reducing oxidized MoFe proteins and anions inducing their oxidation to form H2. The results suggest that anions expose or activate the P centers so their low potential electrons can be transferred to electron acceptors or react with H+ to form H2. Anions could function in a similar manner to the Fe protein in activating P centers to release electron during catalytic activity.Thymol is a natural phenolic monoterpene widely produced by different species belonging to the Labiateae family. Although the thymol phytotoxicity is well known, the knowledge of its potential toxic mechanism is still limited. In this regard, the model species Arabidopsis thaliana was treated for 16 days by sub-irrigation with 300 μM of thymol. The results confirmed the high phytotoxic potential of this phenolic compound, which caused a reduction in plant growth and development. Thymol induced a water status alteration accompanied by an increase in ABA content and stomatal closure. Furthermore, leaves appeared necrotic in the margins and their temperature rinsed. The increase in H2O2 content suggested an oxidative stress experienced by treated plants. Both metabolomic and proteomic analysis confirmed this hypothesis showing a strong increase in osmoprotectants content, such as galactinol and proline, and a significant up-accumulation of proteins involved in ROS detoxification. Furthermore, the down-accumulation of proteins and pigments involved in the photosynthetic machinery, the increase in light sensitivity and the lower PSII efficiency well indicated a reduction in photosynthetic activity. Overall, we can postulate that thymol-induced phytotoxicity could be related to a combined osmotic and oxidative stress that resulted in reduced plant development.WD40 proteins play crucial roles in response to abiotic stress. By screening the genome sequences of Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge, 225 SmWD40 genes were identified and divided into 9 subfamilies (I-IX). Physiological, biochemical, gene structure, conserved protein motif and GO annotation analyses were performed on SmWD40 family members. The SmWD40-170 was found in 110 SmWD40 genes that contain drought response elements, SmWD40-170 was one of these genes whose response in terms of expression under drought was significant. The expression of SmWD40-170 was also up-regulated by ABA and H2O2. Through observed the stomatal phenotype of SmWD40-170 transgenic lines, the stomatal closure was abolished under dehydration, ABA and H2O2 treatment in SmWD40-170 knockdown lines. Abscisic acid (ABA), as the key phytohormone, elevates reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels under drought stress. The ABA-ROS interaction mediated the generation of H2O2 and the activation of anion channel in guard cells. The osmolality alteration of guard cells further accelerated the stomatal closure. As a second messenger, nitric oxide (NO) regulated ABA signaling, the NO stimulated protein kinase activity inhibited the K+ influx which result in stomatal closure. These NO-relevant events were essential for ABA-induced stomatal closure. The reduction of NO production was also observed in the guard cells of SmWD40-170 knockdown lines. The abolished of stomatal closure attributed to the SmWD40-170 deficiency induced the reduction of NO content. In general, the SmWD40-170 is a critical drought response gene in SmWD40 gene family and regulates ABA- and H2O2-induced stomatal movement by affecting the synthesis of NO.Purpose The aim of this study was to investigate whether acquiring basic knee arthroscopic skills via a spaced retraining schedule could prevent skills deterioration and achieve further skills improvement. Methods In the learning phase, sixteen residents with no previous hands-on experience in practicing arthroscopic skills were asked to perform basic arthroscopic tasks on a simulator until they attained perfect scores in each task. Immediately after completing the learning phase, a pretest was performed to assess their performance. Next, they were randomly assigned into two groups. The spaced retraining group, which undertook a spaced repetitive training phase with a fixed-time interval, returned on Day 2, 4 and 6 to repeat the same tasks for 20 minutes per day, while the control group did nothing. On Day 7, all participants performed a posttest. A 2 × 2 mixed ANOVA model was used for statistical analysis. Results Significant differences between the 2 groups were found in task completion time (P=0.003) and camera path length (P=0.043) but not cartilage injury (P=0.186). Residents in the spaced retraining group decreased their task completion time (163.2 ± 23.9 s) whereas the task time in the control group increased (351.3 ± 25.5 s). The same pattern was found with the camera path length. Conclusions Implementing a spaced retraining schedule in 1 week resulted in a reduced task completion time and camera path length, but no significant reduction in cartilage injury. It appears that introducing a spaced retraining schedule in order to retain arthroscopic skills acquired through massed learning may be advantageous.Purpose To evaluate the 3D ZTE MRI technique and compare with 3D CT for the assessment of the glenoid bone. Methods ZTE MRI using multiple resolutions and multislice CT was performed on six shoulder specimens before and after creation of glenoid defects and ten glenohumeral instability patients. Two musculoskeletal radiologists independently generated 3D volume rendered images of the glenoid en face. Postprocessing times and glenoid widths were measured. Intermodality and interrater agreement was assessed. Results Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs) for intermodality assessment showed almost perfect agreement for both readers, ranging from 0.949-0.991 for the ex vivo study and 0.955-0.987 for the in vivo patients. Excellent interobserver agreement for both the ex vivo (ICCs ≥ 0.98) and in vivo (ICCs ≥ 0.92) studies was demonstrated. For the ex vivo study, Bland-Altman analyses for CT vs MRI demonstrated a mean difference of 0.6-1 mm at 1.0 mm3 MRI resolution, 0.3-0.6 mm at 0.8 mm3 MRI resolution, and 0.