Vellingkatz0057

Although an effort was made to select individuals from the full range of the internalizing spectrum, this was a college student sample and thus results should be replicated in clinical samples. Additionally, the response rate in this study was low.

These findings expand our understanding of emotion regulation choice in internalizing psychopathology by identifying common tendencies of individuals who share dispositions toward fear and distress.

These findings expand our understanding of emotion regulation choice in internalizing psychopathology by identifying common tendencies of individuals who share dispositions toward fear and distress.

Skin autofluorescence (SAF), indicating concentration of advanced glycation end products in the skin and oxidative stress, is cross-sectionally associated with affective disorders. Prospective studies of oxidative stress markers will help to clarify the pathophysiological role of oxidative stress.

Data of a population-based cohort study were used. Presence of major depressive disorder, dysthymia, generalised anxiety disorder, panic disorder or social phobia was assessed at baseline and at 5-year follow-up with the Mini-International Neuropsychiatric Interview. Associations between SAF at baseline and incidence and persistence/recurrence of affective disorders were assessed with logistic regression.

Of 43,267 participants with no disorder at baseline, 2885 (6.7%) developed an incident disorder during follow-up. In 1360 of 3648 participants (37.3%) with an affective disorder at baseline, a persisting/recurrent disorder was present at follow-up. A modest association existed between SAF and incident affectice that oxidative stress plays a role in subsequent occurrence of affective disorders. However, significance of effects faded after adjustment for socioeconomic status.

Adolescents living with HIV may be at elevated risk of psychological problems, which are correlated with negative health outcomes. In cross-sectional research with HIV-affected adolescents, bullying victimisation and internalised HIV stigma have been associated with poorer psychological health. We extended these findings and tested longitudinal associations between bullying victimisation, internalised stigma, and mental health among adolescents living with HIV. We also tested whether relationships between bullying victimisation and psychological symptoms were mediated by internalised stigma.

Adolescents living with HIV (n=1060, 10-19 years, 55% female), who had ever initiated HIV treatment in 53 public health facilities in the Eastern Cape, South Africa, were interviewed and followed up 18 months later (n=995, 94% retention). Participants completed well-validated measures of depression, anxiety, posttraumatic stress, bullying victimisation, and internalised stigma.

After adjusting for baseline mental hegma and associated psychological distress are needed, and these should be integrated into HIV care to ensure optimal HIV management. The implementation of bullying prevention programs may reduce internalised stigma and promote mental health among adolescents living with HIV.

The aim of this study includes (1) using resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rsfMRI) to explore the aberrant brain regional spontaneous brain activities in acute major depressive disorder (MDD) patients; (2) to determine whether the abnormalities could be restored after 6 months of antidepressant treatment; (3) to investigate whether the differences in regional spontaneous brain activities are associated with clinical variables in MDD.

RsfMRI scanning was performed in 149 MDD patients and 122 healthy control (HC) subjects at baseline. After 6 months of antidepressant treatment, rsfMRI scanning was reperformed in remitted MDD patients (MDD-R) (n=63). The characteristics of the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF), and the relationship between the fMRI representatives and clinical variables in the MDD group were analyzed.

(1) Compared to healthy controls, significantly decreased ALFF in the right precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex (PCUN/PCC) was detected in MDD. (2) The ALFF value of precuneus in MDD-R group did not change significantly after a 6-month antidepressant treatment and was still lower than the HC group when remission was achieved (P=0.002). (3) No correlations were found between ALFF in the right PCUN/PCC and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale(HAMD) total score, illness duration, age of onset, and the number of episodes in the baseline MDD group. The ALFF change was not correlated with depressive symptom improvement in MDD-R group.

The reduction of ALFF in the precuneus persisted in MDD who achieved clinical remission, suggesting that the decreased ALFF in PCUN/PCC may be a trait marker of MDD.

The reduction of ALFF in the precuneus persisted in MDD who achieved clinical remission, suggesting that the decreased ALFF in PCUN/PCC may be a trait marker of MDD.

Childhood trauma is an important early social risk factor for the development of the major depressive disorder (MDD). Both childhood trauma and depression are associated with dysfunctional attitudes and dysregulation in stress hormones. We aimed to clarify the path from childhood trauma to depression and identify potential predictors of antidepressant treatment outcomes.

One hundred and thirty-nine MDD patients and 112 healthy controls were included at baseline. (R)-HTS-3 clinical trial Depressive symptoms were assessed with both self-reported and expert-rated scales. Childhood trauma and dysfunctional attitudes were evaluated and blood cortisol levels were assayed. Patients received an open-label antidepressant trial with paroxetine and their depressive symptoms were monitored by the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HAMD) during 6 months of treatment. After 6 months, 94 patients received the same assessments as the baseline.

At baseline, the influence of childhood trauma on depression diagnosis was mediated by dysfunctional ad depressive symptoms was mediated by dysfunctional attitudes and cortisol levels in MDD patients. Baseline childhood trauma and cortisol levels may be moderators for antidepressant treatment response at different treatment phase.