Vanggarrett9090

The antisuicidal effect of lithium during its long-term administration has been demonstrated and should also be taken into account as the element of personalized medicine for the pharmacological prophylaxis of patients with mood disorders. Several studies pertaining to personalized medicine were also dedicated to lithium treatment of acute mood episodes. Lithium still has a value in the treatment of mania and bipolar depression. However, it seems that the more important indication would be the augmentation of antidepressant drugs in treatment-resistant depression. The factors connected with the efficacy of lithium in these conditions are reviewed. © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.in English, Spanish ANTECEDENTES La asociación entre el volumen hospitalario y los resultados de la cirugía hepática no está clara. Según la recomendación actual de las guías holandesas se requiere un volumen mínimo de 20 procedimientos anuales por centro. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar la asociación entre el volumen hospitalario con los resultados postoperatorios en la auditoría hepatobiliar obligatoria holandesa a nivel nacional. MÉTODOS Se realizó un estudio a nivel nacional en los Países Bajos. Se incluyeron todas las resecciones hepáticas registradas en la auditoría hepatobiliar holandesa entre 2014 y 2017. El volumen anual del centro se calculó y se clasificó en categorías de 20 procedimientos por año. Los objetivos principales fueron la morbilidad de mayor grado (Clavien-Dindo grado IIIA o superior) y la mortalidad hospitalaria o la mortalidad a los 30 días. RESULTADOS Se realizaron un total de 5.590 resecciones en 34 centros con una mediana (rango intercuartílico) de volumen anual de 35 procedimientos (20-69). La tasa global de morbilidad mayor fue del 11% y la mortalidad del 2%. La mortalidad fue de 1,9% después de la resección por metástasis hepáticas colorrectales (colorectal liver metastases, CRLM), 1,2% para no CRLM, 0,4% para tumores benignos, 4,9% para carcinoma hepatocelular, y 10,3% para tumores biliares. Los centros de mayor volumen realizaron más resecciones hepáticas mayores y más resecciones por carcinoma hepatocelular y cáncer biliar. En el análisis multivariable después de ajustar por factores de riesgo conocidos de eventos adversos, no se observó ninguna asociación entre el volumen hospitalario y la morbilidad o mortalidad mayor. CONCLUSIÓN No hubo asociación entre el volumen hospitalario y los resultados postoperatorios de la cirugía hepática en los Países Bajos.The CISD2 gene encodes the CDGSH iron-sulfur domain-containing protein 2. Cisd2 is involved in mammalian life-span control, the unfolded protein response, Ca2+ buffering and autophagy regulation. It has been demonstrated previously that Cisd2 deficiency causes an accelerated ageing phenotype characterised by the accumulation of damaged mitochondria, while Cisd2 overexpression leads to mitochondrial protection against typical age-associated alterations. Accumulating data suggest that neuronal amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition, Ca2+ dysregulation, impairment of autophagic flux and accumulation of damaged organelles including mitochondria play an important role in Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathogenesis. In a recent issue of The Journal of Pathology, Yi-Fan Chen and collaborators put together all these experimental observations and demonstrated that Cisd2 overexpression attenuates AD pathogenesis by guaranteeing mitochondrial quality and synaptic functions. The authors report convincing evidence to highlight the role of Cisd2 in Aβ-mediated mitochondrial damage and, interestingly, this neuroprotection could be dependent on other molecular mechanisms beyond the canonical and previously described roles of Cisd2. Collectively, these data open up new avenues in neuroprotection and highlight Cisd2 as a promising new target in AD. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.Intestinal-type gastric cancer (IGC) has a clear and multistep histological evolution. No studies have comprehensively explored gastric tumorigenesis from inflammation through low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (LGIN) and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia (HGIN) to early gastric cancer (EGC). We sought to investigate the characteristics participating in IGC tumorigenesis and identify related prognostic information within the process. RNA expression profiles of 94 gastroscopic biopsies from 47 patients, including gastric precancerous lesions (GPL LGIN and HGIN), EGC and paired controls, were detected by Agilent Microarray. During IGC tumorigenesis from LGIN through HGIN to EGC, the number of activity-changed tumor hallmarks increased. LGIN and HGIN had similar expression profiles when compared to EGC. We observed an increase in the stemness of gastric epithelial cells in LGIN, HGIN and EGC, and we found 27 consistent genes that might contribute to dedifferentiation, including 5 driver genes. Remarkably, we perceived that the immune microenvironment was more active in EGC than in GPL, especially in the infiltration of lymphocytes and macrophages. We identified a 5-gene signature from the gastric tumorigenesis process that could independently predict the overall survival and disease-free survival of GC patients (log rank test p  300) and by comparing with two established prognostic signatures in GC. In conclusion, during IGC tumorigenesis, cancer-like changes occur in LGIN and accumulate in HGIN and EGC. The immune microenvironment is more active in EGC than in LGIN and HGIN. The identified signature from the tumorigenesis process has robust prognostic significance for GC patients. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.BACKGROUND The sacroiliac joint has a structure in which the direction of the load relative to the articular surface is irrational, as the joint surface is not perpendicular to the trunk load axis, it is likely to incur more degenerative changes than other weight-bearing joints. METHODS This retroprospective study consisted of a total of 145 cases 104 (71.7%) men and 41 (28.3%) women who applied to Gaziantep University Medical Faculty Radiology Department Polyclinic with pelvic CT from 2013 to 2018. The mean age was 33.5 years (range 18 to 60 years). Pelvis CT images were performed according to the exclusion criteria specified by the experienced orthopedic surgeon. Patients were excluded from the study if they were younger than the age of 18; had a condition involving the sacroiliac joint, had an endocrine disorder, or had a history of a trauma affecting the pelvis CT examination. RESULTS In this current study, six types of anatomic variations were detected. Iliosacral complex variation has been determined as the most common type of variation. The incidence of variations of SJ in all cases was 28.9%. Degenerative changes were seen in 5.5% of patients fewer than 30 years of age. When it comes to the patients whose age range is 30-60, the percentage of the degenerative changes is 12.4%. In patients who were thirty years and older, the prevalence of degenerative changes increased progressively with increasing age. CONCLUSIONS In this study, it is thought that the knowledge of variations in normal population and degenerative changes will contribute to the better understanding of normal morphological structure of SJ and to the anatomical literature. It's seen that there is not a statistically significant relationship between degenerative changes and anatomical variations.This study aimed the comparison of the isolated testes size, volume, weight and density changes with age and establishing the suitability of three formulas of testicular volume calculation for 18-50 and 51-70-year-old men groups. 206 testes of 103 men (59 of 18-50-year-old and 44 of 51-70-year-old men) were weighed and their size was measured by the sliding calliper. The accurate volume was determined by water displacement and compared with volume calculated using three formulas, and the density of testicular tissues was calculated. The mean length and height of both testes and length and height of right and left testes decreased significantly with age. The mean width of both testes and width of right and left testes decreased with age insignificantly. The mean of water displacement volume and weight and volume and weight of right and left testes decreased with age significantly. The mean density of testicular tissues and the density of the right and left testes increased significantly with age. In the same age group, the size, water displacement volume and weight of right testes was insignificantly major than the left, and the density of testicular tissues was similar in the right and left testes. The prolate spheroid formula was most suitable for calculation of testes volume for 18-50-year-old men and prolate ellipsoid formula was most suitable for calculation of 51-70-year-old men testes volume.BACKGROUND Diabetes mellitus could result from disorders in insulin secretion or receptors mainly characterized by hyperglycemia. Natural antioxidants including pomegranate are traditionally used as hypoglycemic agents. The present research was designed to evaluate the possible therapeutic role of Pomegranate Peel Extract (PPE) against type1 diabetic -induced hepatic biochemical and histological alteration. MATERIALS AND METHODS Adult male Wistar rats (N= 48) were sorted into four groups G1 control group, G2 normal rats received PPE. G3 STZ- diabetic rats, received IP streptozotocin (55 mg/kg BW) and G4 Diabetic rats post-treated with PPE (200 mg/kg BW/day). Effectiveness of (PPE) was assessed by measuring serum glucose, liver enzymes, and morphological features of liver tissue using light and electron microscopy. RESULTS Histological examination showed degenerative necrotic changes in diabetic rat liver which were improved by post-treatment with PPE. Biochemical results confirmed microscopic morphological and ultrastructural findings. CONCLUSIONS PPE was found to have a moderate therapeutic effect against a hepatic alteration in the male rats. It could be advised for diabetic patients suffering from the early alteration of liver functions.BACKGROUND Fluorescence-guided surgery (FGS) with 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) his proven to assist neurosurgeons to achieve a more complete brain tumour resection. However, 5-ALA-guided surgery is limited since it is often difficult to distinguish the colour difference between the resected areas of malignant brain tumours from their background. Our aim was to evaluate which colour difference formula was the most optimal to distinguish between malignant brain tumors from the background healthy tissue using 5-ALA fluorescence. MATERIALS AND METHODS 37 patients with a primary or secondary malignant brain tumour ingested 5-ALA before the surgery. A 400 nm light was used to excite the fluorescence. Surgical videos were recorded for all the patients and a total of 183 samples were obtained from the fluorescent areas and their respective backgrounds. Three colour differences formulas-contrast ratio (CR), CIELab (ΔE*) and CIEDE2000-were applied to the videos and compared using hot-cold maps. Baseline demographics, the tumour's location, the tumour's side, and tumour's World Health Organisation (WHO) grade was also analysed for correlations relating to the fluorescence.