Urquhartstensgaard5559

Hormone-sensitive prostate cancer responds favorably to testosterone suppression induced by GnRH analogs or antagonists. This effect may theoretically be countered by anabolic steroids. We describe a patient of a recurrent hormone-sensitive prostate cancer who was on salvage androgen deprivation therapy with degarelix and developed rapid progression after over-the-counter nandrolone injections.

Hormone-sensitive prostate cancer responds favorably to testosterone suppression induced by GnRH analogs or antagonists. This effect may theoretically be countered by anabolic steroids. We describe a patient of a recurrent hormone-sensitive prostate cancer who was on salvage androgen deprivation therapy with degarelix and developed rapid progression after over-the-counter nandrolone injections.

Changes in cerebral glucose metabolism after subdural hematoma have been rarely reported. We present a case with acute subdural hematoma detected unexpectedly on FDG PET/CT. Focal intense FDG uptake in the cerebral parenchyma beneath the subdural hematoma was seen on PET. The density of the cerebral parenchyma was normal on CT. The patient received conservative management. He recovered without any complication. This case indicates that familiarity with the changes in cerebral glucose metabolism on PET after subdural hematoma may be helpful for optimal patient care.

Changes in cerebral glucose metabolism after subdural hematoma have been rarely reported. We present a case with acute subdural hematoma detected unexpectedly on FDG PET/CT. Focal intense FDG uptake in the cerebral parenchyma beneath the subdural hematoma was seen on PET. The density of the cerebral parenchyma was normal on CT. The patient received conservative management. He recovered without any complication. This case indicates that familiarity with the changes in cerebral glucose metabolism on PET after subdural hematoma may be helpful for optimal patient care.

Epilepsy is a common, chronic neurologic disease with continued disparities in care. The COVID-19 pandemic and recent social movements have drawn greater attention to social determinants of health and our progress (or lack thereof) toward delivering more equitable care.

Recent studies continue to document racial and economic disparities in diagnosis, treatment, and overall care of epilepsy and associated conditions. Notably, an increasing number of studies are attempting to design healthcare pathways and other interventions to improve access and equity in epilepsy care.

The present literature highlights the importance of identifying and addressing the particular needs of vulnerable persons with epilepsy. Practitioners and researchers should continue to develop interventions aimed at improving care for all patients and, crucially, measure the impact of their changes to ensure that any interventions are truly advancing health equity.

The present literature highlights the importance of identifying and addressing the particular needs of vulnerable persons with epilepsy. Practitioners and researchers should continue to develop interventions aimed at improving care for all patients and, crucially, measure the impact of their changes to ensure that any interventions are truly advancing health equity.Why multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) develops after SARS-CoV-2 infection in a subset of children is unknown. We hypothesized that aberrant virus-specific T cell responses contribute to MIS-C pathogenesis. We quantified SARS-CoV-2-reactive T cells, serologic responses against major viral proteins, and cytokine responses from plasma and peripheral blood mononuclear cells in children with convalescent COVID-19, in children with acute MIS-C, and in healthy controls. Children with MIS-C had significantly lower virus-specific CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses to major SARS-CoV-2 antigens compared with children convalescing from COVID-19. Furthermore, T cell responses in participants with MIS-C were similar to or lower than those in healthy controls. Serologic responses against spike receptor binding domain (RBD), full-length spike, and nucleocapsid were similar among convalescent COVID-19 and MIS-C, suggesting functional B cell responses. Cytokine profiling demonstrated predominant Th1 polarization of CD4+ T cells from children with convalescent COVID-19 and MIS-C, although cytokine production was reduced in MIS-C. Our findings support a role for constrained induction of anti-SARS-CoV-2-specific T cells in the pathogenesis of MIS-C.Angiostrongylus cantonensis and Gnathostoma spinigerum usually cause eosinophilic meningitis with associated peripheral blood eosinophilia. A 44-year-old man developed acute paraplegia with bowel and bladder dysfunction. Spinal magnetic resonance images showed a long T2W hyperintensity signal from the 1st to 8th spinal thoracic level. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis revealed eosinophilia and elevated cerebrospinal fluid protein, whereas differential leucocytes count in peripheral blood was unremarkable. Positive immunoblot tests for A. cantonensis antibody in serum and cerebrospinal fluid were reported. The patient had neither history of recent traveling to the high endemic areas of the parasite in Thailand, nor consumption the parasitic hosts. Immediate treatment with intravenous pulse methylprednisolone and oral albendazole resulted in complete recovery. Despite an unremarkable differential leucocytes count, absence a history of parasitic hosts consumption, and a less common presentation with meningomyelitis, A. cantonensis should be considered when cerebrospinal fluid eosinophilia presents.The patient of the report is a six- month-old Libyan female, who presented with a history of fever, persistent cough, and an attack of seizure. The patient has been diagnosed with a case of brain Tuberculoma and cavitation in the right lung based on the Brain Magnetic resonance imaging and the Chest Computed tomography scan, respectively. Subsequently, the patient was treated with antituberculous drugs and corticosteroids. After finishing the treatment, the patient has been cured. This case illustrates the possibility of developing early disseminated tuberculosis during infancy and highlights the difficulties of the diagnosis during the early stages of the disease. The case emphasizes the benefits of early diagnosis and treatment to prevent severe consequences in infancy.

Healthcare-associated infection is an important cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Well-regulated infection control and hand hygiene are the most effective methods for preventing healthcare-associated infections. This study evaluated and compared conventional hand hygiene observation and an electronic hand-hygiene recording and reminder system for preventing healthcare-associated infections.

This pre- and post-intervention study, employed an electronic hand-hygiene recording and reminder system for preventing healthcare-associated infections at a tertiary referral center. Healthcare-associated infection surveillance was recorded in an anesthesia and reanimation intensive care unit from April 2016 to August 2016. Hand-hygiene compliance was observed by conventional observation and an electronic recording and reminder system in two consecutive 2-month periods. healthcare-associated infections were calculated as incidence rate ratios.

The rate of healthcare-associated infections in the electronic em, we observed a significant decrease in healthcare-associated infections and invasive device-associated infections. These results were encouraging and suggested that electronic hand hygiene reminder and recording systems may reduce some types of healthcare-associated infections in healthcare settings.

Epstein Barr Virus - positive Hodgkin lymphoma is defined by the presence of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in tumor cells. EBV plays an important role in the development and prognosis of Hodgkin's lymphoma. The standard way to detect EBV in Hodgkin lymphoma is immunohistochemistry stains for latent membrane protein-1 (LMP1) in tumor cells. The present study aimed to evaluate plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA as a noninvasive biomarker for diagnosis of EBV-positive Hodgkin lymphoma.

The study included 60 newly diagnosed patients with Hodgkin lymphoma, ranging in age from 4 to 60 years, and 55 sex and age-matched controls. (60) Formalin-fixed paraffin embedded blocks of Hodgkin lymphoma tissue samples were used to investigate the EBV by in immunohistochemistry stains for (LMP1) in tumor cells. Plasma EBV DNA was quantified by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for all Hodgkin lymphoma patients prior to therapy and for control.

The results showed that (25/60, 41.7%) of Hodgkin lymphoma were positive for histological LMP1, whereas plasma EBV DNA was detectable (range from 1.1×103 to 1.5×104 copies/mL, median 1.1×104  copies/mL) in all EBV-positive Hodgkin lymphoma samples (25/25). EBV DNA was undetectable in all cases of EBV-negative Hodgkin lymphoma (35/35) and all healthy control (55/55). It is worth mentioning that our results demonstrated that the EBV DNA load was high in the EBV associated Hodgkin lymphoma patients suffering poor prognostic state.

Plasma EBV-DNA can be used as a noninvasive biomarker for diagnosis of EBV- positive Hodgkin lymphoma.

Plasma EBV-DNA can be used as a noninvasive biomarker for diagnosis of EBV- positive Hodgkin lymphoma.

We aimed to determine the indicators for poor long-term outcome in older adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).

Patients with CAP requiring hospitalization were included in this retrospective study. The long-term mortality was defined as all-cause 1-year mortality following hospital admission.

A total of 145 patients with CAP were recorded. The median age was 70 (18-103), of whom 94 (65%) were ≥ 65 years old and 86 (59.5%) were male. Long-term mortality rates following CAP requiring hospitalization were substantially high in both the younger (n = 16, 31.4%) and older adults (n=43, 45.7%). In univariate analysis, the Pneumonia Severity Index (PSI) (p = 0.007), mechanical ventilation (p > 0.001), mental status changes (p = 0.018) as well as the modified Charlson Comorbidity Index (p=0.001), presence of malignancy (p < 0.001) and hospital readmission (p < 0.001) were associated with long-term mortality in the older group. Our results revealed that the need for mechanical ventilation (OR = 47.61 CI = 5.38-500.0, p = 0.001) and hospital readmission (OR = 15.87 CI = 5.26-47.61, p < 0.001) were major independent predictors of 1-year mortality.

Clinicians should consider the lethal possibilities of CAP even after hospital discharge. The need for mechanical ventilation and hospital readmission may predict long-term mortality. Therefore, the patients who have these predictors should be closely monitored.

Clinicians should consider the lethal possibilities of CAP even after hospital discharge. The need for mechanical ventilation and hospital readmission may predict long-term mortality. Therefore, the patients who have these predictors should be closely monitored.

Non-typhoidal Salmonella are major foodborne pathogens causing serious challenges to public health and food safety worldwide. This study aimed to determine the resistance, virulence genes, sequence type, using multi-locus sequence typing, plasmids and Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNPs) of Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica serovar Nigeria (S. Nigeria) from livestock in Ilorin, North central Nigeria.

A total of 1,500 samples from pig (feces; n = 600) and poultry (feces, postmortem samples; n = 900) were collected and analyzed between 2014 to 2017. Presumptive Salmonella isolates were characterized by Whole Genome Sequencing (WGS).

We recovered nine S. Nigeria serovars. All the isolates harbored a single point mutation parC(T57S) in addition to qnrB19 and the tetA gene. Furthermore, two plasmids, Col(pHAD28) and IncQ1 predicted to encode qnrB19 and tetA genes, respectively, were detected in all the strains. All the isolates belonged to a single sequence type (ST) 4911, the SNP-based phylogeny showed all the isolates to be highly related, in addition two clinical isolates from the United Kingdom (UK) and Canada, collected outside of this study, also fell into this cluster.