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, suggesting the need for methodological quality improvement in future studies, especially those designed to provide evidence related to effectiveness. The protocol for this overview has been registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO; CRD42018095943).

Conditions along the brain-gut-microbiota (BGM) axis can significantly contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Evidence from animal studies indicates a role of probiotics in regulating mood, cognition, and stress response via the BGM axis. However, the effect of probiotics on AD needs to be better clarified in preclinical and clinical studies.

We prepared this systematic review according to PRISMA. PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and Virtual Health Library (VHL) were searched for original articles concerning the effects of probiotics in experimental AD.

Results were presented as a narrative synthesis according to the Synthesis Without Metaanalysis (SWiM) Guideline. Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria. The results showed significant effects in the experimental models of AD treated with probiotics alone or in mixture due to expressive improvements in cognitive tests.

Furthermore, in most of the included studies, it was possible to observe a reduction in inflammatory processes, an increase in the concentration of peptide hormones, insulin homeostasis in the brain, increased antioxidant enzymes, and a decrease in beta-amyloid deposition and tau hyperphosphorylation. Supplementation of probiotics seems to improve performance in cognitive tests and increase the concentration of substances capable of delaying the neurodegenerative process of AD in experimental models.

Furthermore, in most of the included studies, it was possible to observe a reduction in inflammatory processes, an increase in the concentration of peptide hormones, insulin homeostasis in the brain, increased antioxidant enzymes, and a decrease in beta-amyloid deposition and tau hyperphosphorylation. Supplementation of probiotics seems to improve performance in cognitive tests and increase the concentration of substances capable of delaying the neurodegenerative process of AD in experimental models.The ancient composite formulae Angong Niuhuang pill and Pien Tze Huang that were used a few hundred years ago to treat febrile disease and inflammation respectively are found to exert effects benefiting other neurological diseases and conditions. This short review introduces the main constituents of the two formulae, looking into both the cumulative synergetic and possible individual effects of each herb or animal apcoien. In essence, the main effects of Angong Niuhuang pill include antiinflammation, antioxidation, anti-cell death, anticonvulsion, antiedema, antipyretic, antithrombotic, antimicrobial (bacteria, viruses, fungi), neuroprotective effects, and cardiovascular protection. The main effects of Pien Tze Huang include antiinflammation, antioxidation, anti-cell death, antithrombotic, antimicrobial, neuroprotective effects, and cardiovascular protection. Comparing both composites, similarities of the effects and part of the components are found, showing some pharmacological evidence. This review casts light on research on the effects of neuroprotective and cardiovascular protective mechanisms as well as treatment mechanisms for cerebral accidents in the integrative medicine perspective.

Sir Alexander Fleming accidentally discovered antibiotics in 1928. Antibiotics have played a significant role in treating infectious diseases. selleck inhibitor The extensive use of antibiotics has enabled the microorganisms to develop resistance against the antibiotics given, which has become a global concern. This review aims to examine some of the mechanisms behind resistance and advanced methods for detecting drug-resistant and antibacterial drugs in the clinical pipeline.

An extensive search was carried out in different databases viz. Scopus, Embase, Cochrane, and PubMed. The keywords used in the search were antimicrobial resistance, antibiotic resistance, antimicrobial tolerance, antibiotic tolerance, and methods to reduce antimicrobial resistance. All the studies published in the English language and studies focusing on antibiotic resistance were included in the analysis.

The most common mechanisms involved in antimicrobial resistance are reflux pumping, antibiotic inactivation, acquired resistance, intrinsic resistance, mutation, bio-film resistance, etc. Antibacterial medicinal products for multidrug resistance (MDR) infections are active against pathogens, which are registered in the World Health Organization (WHO) priority pathogen list (PPL).

Furthermore, their innovativeness was assessed by their lack of cross-resistance. Finally, novel antibacterial drugs without pre-existing inter-resistance, especially those with high-resistance gram-negative bacteria and tuberculosis (TB), are understated and urgently required.

Furthermore, their innovativeness was assessed by their lack of cross-resistance. Finally, novel antibacterial drugs without pre-existing inter-resistance, especially those with high-resistance gram-negative bacteria and tuberculosis (TB), are understated and urgently required.

The mutated genes in lung squamous cell carcinoma were investigated for their possible association with tumor mutation burden, microsatellite instability and cancer prognosis.

Our study is aimed at evaluating the value of the candidate genes as a potential biomarker of lung squamous cell carcinoma and pan-cancer analysis.

The landscape of the tumor microenvironment and infiltrating lymphocytes in lung squamous cell carcinoma were calculated using ESTIMATE and CIBERSORT algorithm. Weighed gene co-expression network analysis was used to screen key modules related to immune cell infiltration. Somatic mutations were found by analysis of data from TCGA and ICGC database. Mann-Whitney U test was utilized to evaluate the tumor mutation burden difference between patients with mutant and wild-type SVEP1 gene. Kaplan-Meier method was used to examine the prognosis of the patients with mutations. The effects of SVEP1 expression on tumor mutation burden and immunity in different cancers were determined by pan-cancer analysis.

SVEP1 mutation was found to be associated with a higher tumor mutation burden and prognosis. SVEP1 mutation might be involved in the possible biological process of antitumor immune response. SVEP1 is related to different degrees of immune infiltration in cancers. Moreover, miRNA-SVEP1 targeting network was to illuminate the possible mechanisms.

SVEP1 mutation and its mRNA expression are related to tumor mutation burden and cancer immunity in lung squamous cell carcinoma. SVEP1 may be a prognostic marker of lung squamous cell carcinoma, according to our findings which reveals the underlying mechanisms.

SVEP1 mutation and its mRNA expression are related to tumor mutation burden and cancer immunity in lung squamous cell carcinoma. SVEP1 may be a prognostic marker of lung squamous cell carcinoma, according to our findings which reveals the underlying mechanisms.

Cancer is the second leading cause of death throughout the world. Many anticancer drugs are commercially available, but lack of selectivity, target specificity, cytotoxicity and development of resistance lead to serious side effects. There have been several experiments going on to develop compounds with minor or no side effects.

This review mainly emphasizes synthetic strategies, SAR studies, and mechanism of action for thiazole, benzothiazole, and imidazothiazole containing compounds as anticancer agents.

Recent literature related to thiazole and thiazole-related derivatives endowed with encouraging anticancer potential is reviewed. This review emphasizes contemporary strategies used for the synthesis of thiazole and related derivatives, mechanistic targets, and comprehensive structural activity relationship studies to provide perspective into the rational design of high-efficiency thiazole-based anticancer drug candidates.

Exhaustive literature survey indicated that thiazole derivatives are associato have lower toxicity and better absorption. Therefore, some other similar compounds could be investigated to aid in the development of anticancer pharmacophores.

This study aims to identify novel post-translational modifications in human serum albumin by mass spectrometry.

Serum albumin is the most abundant protein in plasma, has many physiological functions, and is in contact with most of the cells and tissues of the human body. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) may affect functions, stability, and localization of albumin.

Human serum albumin (HSA) was used for tryptic digestion in-solution or in-gel. Mass spectrometry was applied to identify PTMs in HSA. 3-dimensional modeling was applied to explore the potential impact of PTMs on known functions of albumin.

Here, we report the identification of 61 novel PTMs of human serum albumin. Phosphorylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, deamidation, methylation, acetylation, palmitoylation, geranylation, and farnesylation are some examples of the identified PTMs. Mass spectrometry was used for the identification of PTMs in a purified HSA and HSA from the human plasma. Threedimensional modeling of albumin with selected PTMs showed the location of these PTMs in the regions involved in albumin interactions with drugs, metals, and fatty acids. The location of PTMs in these regions may modify the binding capacity of albumin.

This report adds 61 novel PTMs to the catalog of human albumin.

This report adds 61 novel PTMs to the catalog of human albumin.

Chronic Kidney Disease associated with Mineral Bone Disease (CKD-MBD) is frequent in kidney transplant patients. Post-transplantation bone disease is complex, especially in patients with pre-existing metabolic bone disorders that are further affected by immunosuppressive medications and changes in renal allograft function. Main biochemical abnormalities of mineral metabolism in kidney transplantation (KTx) include hypophosphatemia, hyperparathyroidism (HPTH), insufficiency or deficiency of vitamin D, and hypercalcemia.

This review aimed to summarize the pathophysiology and main biomarkers of CKD-MBD in KTx.

A comprehensive and non-systematic search in PubMed was independently made with an emphasis on biomarkers in mineral bone disease in KTx.

CKD-MBD can be associated with numerous factors including secondary HPTH, metabolic dysregulations before KTx, and glucocorticoids therapy in post-transplant subjects. Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) reaches normal levels after KTx with good allograft functioraft function, better prognosis, good quality of life, and reduced mortality for KTx patients.Objectives. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of patient transfer assistive devices in reducing the risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs) among nurses. Methods. PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews were searched to identify studies with a quantitative assessment of the efficacy of patient transfer assistive devices on the incidence and injury claims of WMSDs as compared to the manual lifting of patients. A health impact analysis of the pre-post intervention of assistive device implementation was performed. The percentage of the reduction of forces, incidence of WMSDs, number of missed workdays and injury compensation claims were calculated, pooled and presented as boxplots. Results. A total of 25 studies met the inclusion criteria. The best post-intervention outcomes of assistive devices deployment in the healthcare setting included a reduction in WMSD incidence by 59.8%, missed workdays by 90.0% and workers' compensation claims by 95.0%. Additionally, hand force declined by 71% (p  less then  0.