Tychsenlausen4292

The results showed two times smaller errors for the tdAMBmodel (averaged RMS errors  less then  20 Nm or 10% of peak extension moment) than for the buAMBmodel (average RMS errors  less then  40 Nm or 20% of peak extension moment). In conclusion, for ambulatory L5/S1 moment assessment with an IMC + FS system, using a top-down inverse dynamics approach with estimated hand forces is to be preferred over a bottom-up approach. OBJECTIVES The aim of the study is to review the literature on the experiences of nurses working in triage within emergency departments in hospitals. REVIEW METHOD This is an integrative review based on Cooper's five-stage framework. DATA SOURCES Primary research articles published from January 2008 to January 2018 were identified from seven databases PubMed, Embase, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, PsycINFO, Cochrane, ProQuest, and Scopus. A manual search of the end references from the published studies was also conducted to ensure a comprehensive search. REVIEW METHOD The included studies were evaluated independently by two authors based on the Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal checklist for Interpretive and Critical Research and Descriptive/Case Series to ensure methodological rigour and validity of the review. RESULTS The literature review included 35 articles; of which, 18 were qualitative studies, 13 were quantitative studies, and four were mixed-method studies. The findings from this review were categorised into three themes (1) making judgement, (2) service delivery, and (3) effective communication. CONCLUSIONS The results from the review suggest that triage is a complex process involving decision-making and interprofessional communication. Nurses need to make judgement, consider factors affecting service delivery, and engage in effective communication, which is central to triaging. Decision-making is contextual and requires judicious judgement. Effective communication with fellow healthcare personnel and with patients and their caregivers is paramount to optimise care delivery. Finally, more support is needed to empower the nurses to cope with the work involved in triaging. BACKGROUND Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is a common treatment delivered in critical care and is imperative in the management of many acute respiratory illnesses. Nurses are integral to the initiation and management of NIV, but there is a paucity of evidence on the experiences of nurses in this role. OBJECTIVES The aim of this integrative review was to examine the current available research focused on nurses' experiences of using NIV across a variety of healthcare settings. METHODS Database searches were conducted using EBSCOhost (health) databases, MEDLINE, and Science Direct. Search terms used were combinations of 'nurs∗' or 'experience∗' with 'noninvasive ventilation', 'non invasive ventilation', 'BiPAP', 'CPAP', or 'positive airway pressure'. Inclusion criteria were studies that focused on the experiences of nurses using NIV, were peer reviewed and published in English, and had research designs (collected and analysed quantitative and/or qualitative data). The studies that met the inclusion criteria were individually examined and rated in accordance with the Joanna Briggs Institute Critical Appraisal Checklist for critical and interpretive research. RESULTS The literature search returned a possible 279 matches which were shortlisted based on the title and then again by abstract content before being reviewed in full. After application of inclusion/exclusion criteria, eight articles with a mix of qualitative and quantitative study designs were included in the review. The themes of education, communication, and guideline utilisation were common to many of the findings from both interviews and surveys. CONCLUSION The research examined in this literature review reported some difficulties associated with NIV use including limited education, communication, and variable guideline use. Despite this, nurses were generally able to use NIV to provide positive patient outcomes. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NA. BACKGROUND Impaired respiratory muscle function may be one of the causes of increased dyspnea, reduced exercise capacity, and physical activity (PA), and poor quality of life in pulmonary hypertension (PH). OBJECTIVE To investigate the effects of threshold inspiratory muscle training (TIMT) on respiratory functions, functional exercise capacity, PA, and QoL in patients with PH. METHODS Thirty patients with PH were randomly allocated to a TIMT (n = 15) and sham group (n = 15). Three patients in the sham group could not participate in the program. selleck chemicals The TIMT group (n = 15) trained at 30% of the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), and the sham group (n = 12) performed at lowest pressure without change in threshold pressure. In both groups, patients performed TIMT at home for 15 min, twice per day, with the MIP load determined by the trainer, and were supervised once weekly at the hospital for eight weeks. The primary outcomes were MIP and maximal expiratory pressure (MEP). The secondary outcome measures included spirometric measurements, six-minute walking distance (6MWD), PA (SenseWear armband and International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form-IPAQ-Short Form), and QoL (Minnesota Living with Heart Failure-MLHF). RESULTS After the training, changes in MIP (p = 0.023) were higher in the intervention group compared with the sham group. Differences in MEP, FEV1 (%), FVC (%), FEV1/FVC (%), 6MWD, %6MWD, IPAQ-SF, MLHFQ, and armband parameters were not significantly different between the groups (p > 0.05). CONCLUSIONS The results of the study demonstrated that TIMT could increase MIP and did not improve other parameters of respiratory functions, functional exercise capacity, PA, and QoL in patients with PH. BACKGROUND Heat-related illnesses pose significant threats to human health. OBJECTIVES (1) To evaluate the use of qSOFA score for prognosis of heat-related hospitalized patients; and (2) identify other predictors for patient prognosis. METHODS Using 28-day mortality as the primary endpoint, a retrospective, observational study of patients hospitalized between June 2013 and September 2018 was conducted. RESULTS The qSOFA score from 84 patients was identified as an independent predictor of patient prognosis. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curves for qSOFA score was 0.702, and a sensitivity of 100.00% and a specificity of 47.06% were found for qSOFA score greater than or equal to 2. Other predictors included bilirubin, urea nitrogen, and troponin I levels. CONCLUSIONS qSOFA score can be used as a parameter to distinguish patients with severe heat-related illness prior to further clinical analyses. In addition to that, multiple organ impairment should be considered when assessing patient prognosis.