Tuckerchase8567
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To investigate the usefulness of cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in patients with oligometastasis.
This study included oligometastatic colorectal cancer (CRC) patients who underwent ablative irradiation using stereotactic body radiotherapy or proton beam therapy for metastatic lesions at a single institution. cfDNA was purified from the plasma of pretreated patients and gene mutations were analyzed by next-generation sequencing. Progression-free survival (PFS) was statistically compared according to gene mutation, clonality or allele frequency.
A total of 20 patients were analyzed. Mutations were detected in the following genes; TP53 (45%), APC (40%), KRAS (15%), PIK3CA (15%), NF1 (5%), BRCA1 (5%), ERBB2 (5%), FBXW7 (5%), KIT (10%), and HRAS (10%). Patients with multi-clonality of gene mutation showed tendency for poor PFS (p=0.07). find more Among 7 patients whose metastatic site was the lung, those with no cfDNA detected had significantly better PFS than those with cfDNA (p=0.02).
cfDNA profiles could be predictive tools for early recurrence of oligometastatic CRC patients after ablative radiotherapy.
cfDNA profiles could be predictive tools for early recurrence of oligometastatic CRC patients after ablative radiotherapy.
Preclinical studies on metformin use and endometrial cancer have been promising but epidemiological studies have reported variable results. This study aimed to assess if metformin use is associated with endometrial cancer aggressiveness and survival in women with type 2 diabetes (T2D).
This retrospective hospital-based cohort consisted of women with T2D who were treated for endometrial cancer at the Oulu University Hospital, Finland, between 2007 and 2014.
The sample size was 121 patients 58 metformin users and 63 metformin non-users. link2 Intriguingly, type 2 histology, deep myometrial invasion and the presence of lymphovascular invasion were more common in the metformin user group. However, metformin use showed no association with overall survival and progression-free survival.
Metformin use was associated with poorer prognostic factors in endometrial cancer patients with T2D.
Metformin use was associated with poorer prognostic factors in endometrial cancer patients with T2D.
The GastroPanel
test (Biohit Oyj) is interpreted by the GastroSoft
application distinguishing eight biomarker profiles, of which five profiles have a morphological equivalent in the Updated Sydney System (USS) classification of gastritis, and 3 others specify functional disorders of the stomach 1) high acid output, 2) low acid output, and 3) effects of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) medication. This study evaluated the prevalence of these biomarker profiles in dyspeptic patients.
A cross-sectional study was designed to assess the point prevalence of these biomarker profiles in a random sample of 500 subjects derived from our archives of GastroPanel
samples.
Reflux symptoms were reported by 35.2% and use of PPI medication by 36.8% of the study subjects. Biomarker profile 2 (high acid output) was the second most common GastroPanel
profile in this cohort; 31.2%, second only (33.6%) to profile 1 (healthy stomach). Hp-infection was detected in 25.0% of the subjects. Profiles related to use of PPI (low acid output, PPI effect) were found in 7.4% of the cases. AG was uncommon, diagnosed in 14 patients only (2.8%).
These data are derived from the population with the highest frequency of dyspepsia, and the results might have widespread implications in diagnostic and screening practices.
These data are derived from the population with the highest frequency of dyspepsia, and the results might have widespread implications in diagnostic and screening practices.
We investigated the prognostic influence of both hepatoma-derived growth factor (HDGF) and p53 expression in head and neck cancer.
HDGF and p53 immunostaining was scored based on staining intensities and percentage of tumor cells stained using tissue microarray composed of total 102 head and neck cancer samples.
Over-expression of HDGF and p53 was observed in cancer compared with adjacent normal tissues (p<0.001). In multivariate analyses, tumors with higher nuclear and cytoplasmic HDGF staining scores (p=0.019), and tumors with cN1-cN2 (compared with cN0) (p=0.014), were associated with worse overall survival.
The increased expression of HDGF and p53 in the tumor compared with adjacent normal tissues could be a risk factor for tumorigenesis. Increased nuclear and cytoplasmic expression of HDGF, and cN staging correlated with overall survival and negatively influenced prognosis in head and neck cancer.
The increased expression of HDGF and p53 in the tumor compared with adjacent normal tissues could be a risk factor for tumorigenesis. Increased nuclear and cytoplasmic expression of HDGF, and cN staging correlated with overall survival and negatively influenced prognosis in head and neck cancer.
Chloride intracellular channel protein (CLIC1), E- and P-cadherin (Ecad, Pcad) are certified factors of aggressivity, but they have not been studied in breast cancer to date. The aim was to study CLIC1, Ecad and Pcad impact on breast cancer in terms of defining new high-risk subgroups.
Ninety-seven breast cancer biopsies were immunohistochemically evaluated for CLIC1, Ecad and Pcad expression related to molecular subtypes. CLIC1 expression was assessed in both tumor cells (CLIC1T) and blood vessels (CLIC1V).
For 23% of Luminal A cases, both cadherins and CLIC1V were positive. Luminal B/HER2 subtype, had two specific phenotypes Ecad-/Pcad-/CLIC1T-/CLIC1V+ and Ecad+/Pcad-/CLIC1T-/CLIC1V+. All TNBC cases were clustered into two subgroups 60% were Ecad+/Pcad+/CLIC1T+/CLIC1V+) while 40% were Ecad+/Pcad+/CLIC1T+/CLIC1V-).
CLIC1, Ecad and Pcad association stratifies molecular types of breast cancer in subgroups that may explain different response to therapy and different aggressiveness previously observed by other authors within the same molecular subtype.
CLIC1, Ecad and Pcad association stratifies molecular types of breast cancer in subgroups that may explain different response to therapy and different aggressiveness previously observed by other authors within the same molecular subtype.
The inflammatory cytokine IL-8 and its receptor CXCR2 are key signalling pathway molecules in cancer development. We hypothesized that IL-8/CXCR2 signalling promotes tumour progression in oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients.
We examined the relationship between IL-8/CXCR2 expression and clinicopathological factors by immunohistochemistry in samples from 63 patients with resectable ESCC. The effects of IL-8/CXCR2 signalling on cell proliferation and gene expression were examined in vitro and in vivo using ESCC cell lines.
Increased IL-8/CXCR2 signalling was associated with shorter overall survival (p<0.05) and recurrence-free survival (p<0.05) in ESCC patients. Multivariate analysis identified IL-8/CXCR2 expression as a prognostic factor for surgically treated ESCC (p<0.05). In vitro, IL-8 exposure or over-expression significantly enhanced ESCC cell proliferation. SB225002, a CXCR2-specific antagonist, and IL-8 siRNA significantly suppressed cell proliferation.
IL-8/CXCR2 expression is an independent prognostic factor for surgically treated ESCC, and IL-8/CXCR2 signalling contributes to ESCC cell proliferation.
IL-8/CXCR2 expression is an independent prognostic factor for surgically treated ESCC, and IL-8/CXCR2 signalling contributes to ESCC cell proliferation.
Oncolytic adenoviruses (OAds) have attracted much attention as novel anticancer therapeutics. The proper design of an expression cassette containing the E1A gene, which is indispensable for self-replication of the Ad genome, is crucial for efficient tumor cell-specific infection of an OAd. Various types of oncolytic adenoviruses (OAds) possessing different types of the E1A gene expression cassettes have been developed, but their oncolytic activities and safety profiles have not been systematically evaluated. Herein we examined the oncolytic activities and safety profiles of five types of OAds possessing different types of the E1A gene expression cassette in order to optimize the E1A gene expression cassette for development of an efficient and safe OAd.
We prepared five types of OAds containing different types of E1 gene expression cassettes, and examined the oncolytic activities and safety profiles of the OAds.
Among the OAds examined, OAd-Δ24, which had a 24-bp deletion in the E1A gene, mediated the most efficient oncolytic activities against the human tumor cell lines, although OAd-Δ24 showed slightly higher cytotoxicity to normal human cells than the other OAds.
These results provide important clues for the development of safe and efficient OAds.
These results provide important clues for the development of safe and efficient OAds.
This study aimed to identify novel biomarkers for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) screening to improve the survival rate of patients with oral cancer.
We investigated differential salivary gene expression in patients with OSCC, those with oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), and healthy volunteers (HVs). CPLANE1 was selected for further investigation by microarray analysis. We used quantitative reverse transcription PCR (qRT-PCR) to determine CPLANE1 expression levels in the saliva. The expression of CPLANE1 in normal and oral cancer tissues was analyzed using the Gene Expression database of Normal and Tumor tissues.
qRT-PCR analysis of saliva samples showed that CPLANE1 expression levels were significantly higher in OSCC patients than in HVs and OPMDs patients. Furthermore, we developed a screening test for OSCC using CPLANE1 and showed that it had good accuracy.
Salivary CPLANE1 could be a useful biomarker for OSCC screening and early detection.
Salivary CPLANE1 could be a useful biomarker for OSCC screening and early detection.
Improvement of the efficacy of radiotherapy for lung cancer and glioblastoma is urgently needed.
We synthesized several novel DNA methyltransferase inhibitors and evaluated their potentials as possible radiosensitizers. Eleven non-nucleoside compounds were synthesized and evaluated along with one known compound using human lung cancer (A549) and glioblastoma (U373MG) cells. Cytotoxicity and radiosensitizing effects were evaluated using clonogenic assay. Sensitizer enhancement ratios at a survival fraction of 0.5 were calculated, and statistical analysis was performed using the ratio paired t-test. link3 The inhibitory effects of three selected compounds on the activity of DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) and the pharmacokinetic profiles were analyzed.
All twelve compounds demonstrated various levels of cytotoxicity. Of the twelve compounds, eleven and eight compounds radiosensitized A549 and U373MG cells, respectively, with at least marginal significance (p<0.10). The sensitizer enhancement ratios in A549 and U373MG ranged 1.166-2.537 and 1.083-1.743 among compounds with radiosensitizing effects, respectively. The three selected compounds inhibited DNMT1 activity by 26.5-78.5%. Elimination half-lives ranged from 0.3 to 1.3 h.
Novel DNA methyltransferase inhibitors with significant radiosensitizing capacity and improved biostability were synthesized. These materials will serve as a basis for the development of novel radiosensitizers.
Novel DNA methyltransferase inhibitors with significant radiosensitizing capacity and improved biostability were synthesized. These materials will serve as a basis for the development of novel radiosensitizers.
