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Scu inhibited the level of myocardial fibrosis by reducing the release of inflammatory cytokines and increasing activities of antioxidant enzymes. Further study showed that Scu inhibited the activation of nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor with a pyrin domain 3 (NLRP3) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) and activated phospho-protein kinase B (p-AKT), nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and heme oxygenase (HO-1).

Scu protects against DCM in STZ-induced diabetic mice by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory responses and might be a potential therapeutic agent to treat DCM.

Scu protects against DCM in STZ-induced diabetic mice by inhibiting oxidative stress and inflammatory responses and might be a potential therapeutic agent to treat DCM.

The magnitude of the incidence and impact of nausea on patients receiving intravenous chemotherapy seems to be underestimated by healthcare professionals. BTK inhibitor Development of effective anti-emetic treatment has contributed to the resolution of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). However, there is a concern that vomiting has been the initial focus of anti-emetic research and nausea was perceived as a secondary endpoint. Through focusing on the incidence of nausea independently of the incidence of vomiting, valuable information has been gained on this distressing side effect, including identifying patient risk factors contributing to the increased experience of nausea.

The study followed a prospective, observational study design in a private oncology centre in Johannesburg, South-Africa. Ethical approval was obtained before commencement of the study, followed by the recruitment of one hundred patients over a seven-month period. Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) were used to measure nausea wient CINV prophylaxes seem to have vomiting under control for most patients receiving intravenous chemotherapy. Nausea, however, still seems to be a persistent adverse event during treatment. Female gender, age less then 60 years, history of motion sickness and history of morning sickness increases the risk of experiencing nausea. A different approach is needed to manage nausea in the clinic setting, along with standardised tools to measure nausea specifically. More studies need to be done with nausea as the primary endpoint to address this ongoing medical need.

Cancer patients often require feeding or venting gastrostomy-tubes (G-tubes) for enteral nutrition or symptom palliation. The administration of most extended-release (ER) opioids via the G-tube or orally followed by clamping of the venting G-tube is contraindicated. Oxymorphone immediate release (IR) may be useful because of its longer half-life compared to other IR opioids. We examined the use of oxymorphone IR administered every 8 hours in patients with G-tubes.

This was a retrospective chart review of 40 consecutive cancer patients with G-tubes who underwent opioid rotation (OR) to oxymorphone. Demographics, symptoms, morphine equivalent daily dose (MEDD), and oxymorphone dose were collected. Successful OR was defined as a 2-point or 30% reduction in pain score and continued use of oxymorphone at follow-up in outpatient setting, or discharge in inpatient setting. Opioid rotation ration (ORR) between MEDD and oxymorphone in patients with successful OR was calculated as MEDD before the OR divided by total oxymorphone dose/day at follow-up or discharge.

The median age was 56 years, 57.5% were white, 68% male, 47.5% (n=19) had head and neck cancer, 90% had advanced disease, 67.5% (n=27) were inpatient, and 15% (n=6) had venting G-tubes. 25/40 (62.5%) patients had successful OR to oxymorphone. The median ORR from MEDD to oxymorphone was 3.5 (IQR, 3.1-4). There were no independent predictors for successful OR, and ORR did not significantly differ among various groups.

Oxymorphone IR can be used successfully in cancer patients with G-tubes using an ORR of 3.5 to calculate dose from MEDD.

Oxymorphone IR can be used successfully in cancer patients with G-tubes using an ORR of 3.5 to calculate dose from MEDD.

Nowadays, controlling nutritional status (CONUT) has been used as a prognostic factor in variety of cancers. However, no consensus has been reached on the prognostic value of CONUT in lung cancer. In this study, we aim to investigate the role of CONUT in survival of patients with lung cancer.

EMBASE, web of science, and Medline were used to search articles in English-language journals. The association between CONUT score and survival of patients with lung cancer was evaluated by using pooled HRs and their 95% CIs. Chi-square test and I-Square was used to test heterogeneity among studies. Analyses were all performed using Stata 13.0 (Stata Corporation, College Station, TX).

Eight studies with 1,836 patients were eventually included in this meta-analysis. The pooled results showed that high CONUT score had an unfavorable impact on OS (HR =1.63, 95% CI 1.30-2.04), DFS (HR =1.75, 95% CI 1.35-2.26), CSS (HR =1.45, 95% CI 1.01-2.07) and PFS (HR =1.67, 95% CI 0.99-2.35), compared with those with low-CONUT.

CONUT can be used as a predictor of prognosis in patients with lung cancer. High-CONUT score was significantly associated with poor OS, DFS, CSS and PFS.

CONUT can be used as a predictor of prognosis in patients with lung cancer. High-CONUT score was significantly associated with poor OS, DFS, CSS and PFS.

To quantitatively evaluate lung damage after treatment of epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) and stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT) in patients with nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC), and compare that of SBRT only treatment.

Eligible patients from an IRB-approved prospective clinical trial had one month of EGFRTKIs treatment followed by SBRT (TKI + SBRT) and with 3-month follow-up high resolution CT. NSCLC patients treated with SBRT alone during the same time period without EGFR-TKIs or other systemic therapies were identified as controls. The lung damage was assessed clinically by pneumonitis and quantitatively using by CT intensity (Hounsfield unit, HU) changes. The mean HU values were extracted for regions of the lungs receiving the same dose range at 10 Gy intervals to generate dose-response curves (DRC). The relationship of HU changes and radiation dose was modeled using a Probit model.

Four out of 20 (25%) TKI + SBRT patients and none of 19 (0%) SBRT alone patients had developed grade 2 and above pneumonitis (P=0.