Trevinorandolph7990

Electrospinning-based wound dressings with multifunctional properties, including hemostasis-promoting, antibacterial, drug release, and therapeutic effects, are of great interest in military and civilian trauma healthcare. Herein, we designed lidocaine hydrochloride (LID) and mupirocin-loaded chitosan/polycaprolactone (CSLD-PCLM) scaffolds with multiple functions as wound dressings. Through the dual spinneret electrospinning technique, the scaffolds achieved a nanofiber structure, which enhanced the interfacial interaction between the scaffold and blood cells and showed excellent blood coagulation capacity. In particular, the scaffolds loaded with LID and mupirocin exhibited rapid release of LID and sustained release of mupirocin. The CSLD-PCLM scaffold containing mupirocin exhibited outstanding antibacterial activity. Selleck Vorinostat Moreover, the scaffold significantly enhanced the wound healing process with complete re-epithelialization as well as collagen deposition in a full-thickness skin defect model. Thus, CSLD-PCLM nanofibrous scaffolds may ideally meet the various requirements of the wound healing process and are promising candidates for wound dressings in future clinical applications.Enzymes and whole cells serve as the active biological entities in a myriad of applications including bioprocesses, bioanalytics, and bioelectronics. Conserving the natural activity of these functional biological entities during their prolonged use is one of the major goals for validating their practical applications. Silk fibroin (SF) has emerged as a biocompatible material to interface with enzymes as well as whole cells. link2 These biomaterials can be tailored both physically and chemically to create excellent scaffolds of different forms such as fibers, films, and powder for immobilization and stabilization of enzymes. The secondary structures of the SF-protein can be attuned to generate hydrophobic/hydrophilic pockets suitable to create the biocompatible microenvironments. The fibrous nature of the SF protein with a dominant hydrophobic property may also serve as an excellent support for promoting cellular adhesion and growth. This review compiles and discusses the recent literature on the application of SF as a biocompatible material at the interface of enzymes and cells in various fields, including the emerging area of bioelectronics and bioanalytical sciences.Local targeted "inside-out" hyperthermia of tumors via nanoparticles is able to sensitize tumor cells to chemotherapy, radiation therapy, gene therapy, immunotherapy, or other effects, significantly reducing the duration and intensity of treatment. In this article, new nanomaterials are proposed to be used as anticancer agents boron-doped nanodiamonds with sizes of about 10 nm synthesized for the first time by the high-temperature high-pressure (HTHP) method. The heating ability of boron-doped nanodiamonds was investigated under different heating conditions in different environments water, chicken egg white, and MCF-7 breast cancer cells. It was discovered that, with the same conversion of the absorbed energy into heat, the ability to heat the environment when excited at a wavelength of 808 nm of boron-doped nanodiamonds is much higher than that of detonation nanodiamonds. It was established that boron-doped nanodiamonds are extremely promising for carrying out hyperthermia and thermoablation of tumors.Molecular imaging has gained utmost importance in the recent past in early diagnosis of diseases. In comparison to other imaging modalities, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has proven to extend its abilities not only for its usage of non-ionizing radiation but also for the high spatial resolution in soft tissues. A major limitation faced by MRI is the sensitivity in detecting diseased conditions until a certain stage. At present, this limitation is overcome with the use of contrast agents that show potential in altering the T1 and T2 relaxation times of the hydrogen protons. This modulation to the relaxation times leads to better contrast differences based on the type of contrast agent and the pulse sequence being engaged for acquiring images. Water molecules, as the major contributor of hydrogen protons, are proven to interact with such contrast agents. Major drawbacks noted with the marketed MRI contrast agents are their toxicity and renal clearance. To conquer these issues, magnetic nanomaterials are bein, leading to insights for future developments.IR-780 iodide is a fluorescent dye with optical properties in the near-infrared region that has applications in tumor detection and photothermal/photodynamic therapy. This multifunctional effect led to the development of theranostic nanoparticles with both IR-780 and chemotherapeutic drugs such as docetaxel, doxorubicin, and lonidamine. In this work, we developed two albumin-based nanoparticles containing near-infrared IR-780 iodide multifunctional dyes, one of them possessing a magnetic core. Molecular docking with AutoDock Vina studies showed that IR-780 binds to bovine serum albumin (BSA) with greater stability at a higher temperature, allowing the protein binding pocket to better fit this dye. The theoretical analysis corroborates the experimental protocols, where an enhancement of IR-780 was found coupled to BSA at 60 °C, even 30 days after preparation, in comparison to 30 °C. In vitro assays monitoring the viability of Ehrlich ascites carcinoma cells revealed the importance of the inorganic magnetic core on the nanocarrier photothermal-cytotoxic effect. Fluorescence molecular tomography measurements of Ehrlich tumor-bearing Swiss mice revealed the biodistribution of the nanocarriers, with marked accumulation in the tumor tissue (≈3% ID). The histopathological analysis demonstrated strong increase in tumoral necrosis areas after 24 and 72 h after treatment, indicating tumor regression. Tumor regression analysis of nonirradiated animals indicate a IR-780 dose-dependent antitumoral effect with survival rates higher than 70% (animals monitored up to 600 days). Furthermore, an in vivo photothermal therapy procedure was performed and tumor regression was also verified. These results show a novel insight for the biomedical application of IR-780-albumin-based nanocarriers, namely cancer therapy, not only by photoinduced therapy but also by a nonirradiation mechanism. Safety studies (acute oral toxicity, cardiovascular evaluation, and histopathological analysis) suggest potential for clinical translation.This paper is the continuation of our previous work on the ability of biocomposites based on sol-gel alumina (boehmite) to promote skin recovery from burns and atrophic scars. The present study describes the increasing of the cytoplasma volume and the number of filopodias of HDF cells, which for the first time indicates their proliferation on the alumina itself and on alumina-based biocomposite. Studies in vivo confirm the efficiency of the composite in the treatment of atrophic scars.Tendon injuries are frequent, and surgical interventions toward their treatment might result in significant clinical complications. Pretendinous adhesion results in the disruption of the normal gliding mechanism of a damaged tendon, painful movements, and an increased chance of rerupture in the future. To alleviate postsurgical tendon-sheath adhesions, many investigations have been directed toward the development of repair approaches using electrospun nanofiber scaffolds. link3 Such methods mainly take advantage of nanofibrous membranes (NFMs) as physical barriers to prevent or minimize adhesion of a repaired tendon to its surrounding sheath. In addition, these nanofibers can also locally deliver antiadhesion and anti-inflammatory agents to reduce the risk of tendon adhesion. This article reviews recent advances in the design, fabrication, and characterization of nanofibrous membranes developed to serve as (i) biomimetic tendon sheaths and (ii) physical barriers. Various features of the membranes are discussed to present insights for further development of repair methods suitable for clinical practice.The exquisite cartilage architecture maintains an orderly dynamic equilibrium as a result of the interplay between chondrocyte functions and the unique extracellular matrix (ECM) microenvironment. Numerous studies have demonstrated that extracellular cues, including topological, mechanical, and biochemical properties of the underlying substrates, dictate the chondrocyte behaviors. Consequently, developing advanced biomaterials with the desired characteristics which could achieve the biointerface between cells and the surrounded matrix close to the physiological conditions becomes a great hotspot in bioengineering. However, how the substrate stiffness influences the intercellular communication among chondrocytes is still poorly reported. We used polydimethylsiloxane with varied stiffnesses as a cell culture substrate to elucidate a novel cell-to-cell communication in a collective of chondrocytes. First, morphological images collected using scanning electron microscopy revealed that the tunable substrate stiffnesses directed the changes in intercellular links among chondrocytes. Next, fibronectin, which played a vital role in the connection of ECM components or linkage of ECM to chondrocytes, was shown to be gathered along cell-cell contact areas and was changed with the tunable substrate stiffnesses. Furthermore, transmembrane junctional proteins including connexin 43 (Cx43) and pannexin 1 (Panx1), which are responsible for gap junction formation in cell-to-cell communication, were mediated by the tunable substrate stiffnesses. Finally, through a scrape loading/dye transfer assay, we revealed cell-to-cell communication changes in a living chondrocyte population in response to the tunable substrate stiffnesses via cell-to-cell fluorescent molecule transport. Taken together, this novel cell-to-cell communication regulated by biomaterial stiffness could help us to increase the understanding of cell behaviors under biomechanical control and may ultimately lead to refining cell-based cartilage tissue engineering.Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α has an important role in the pathogenesis of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid and septic arthritis. Removal of excess tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a promising treatment. In this study, a series of functionalized carbon nanotube-embedded poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) nanocomposite adsorbents were prepared for TNF-α removal for the first time. The resulting nanocomposites were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and Raman spectroscopy, which demonstrated that carbon nanotubes were well-dispersed on the surface of PVA macroporous microspheres. Adsorption tests showed that the carboxylated carbon nanotube-embedded composite microspheres (PVA/MWCNTs-COOH) possessed much better adsorption capacity for TNF-α in both simulated serum solution and rat plasma compared to the aminated (PVA/MWCNTs-NH2) and raw carbon nanotube-embedded microspheres (PVA/MWCNTs-raw). In addition, the effects on hemolytic activity, the anticoagulant property, and the components of blood were negligible, indicating the excellent blood compatibility of composite beads. Our findings suggest that the carboxylated carbon nanotube-embedded composite microspheres may be potentially useful for the treatment of autoimmune and inflammatory diseases by removing TNF-α from the blood.