Toppals1315

Although externalizing psychopathology has been linked to deficits in cognitive control, the cognitive processes underlying this association are unclear. Here, we provide a theoretical account of how research on cognitive processes can help to integrate and distinguish personality and psychopathology. We then apply this account to connect the two major subcomponents of externalizing, Antagonism and Disinhibition, with specific control processes using a battery of inhibitory control tasks and corresponding computational modeling. Participants (final N = 104) completed the flanker, go/no-go, and recent probes tasks, as well as normal and maladaptive personality inventories and measures of psychological distress. We fit participants' task behavior using a hierarchical drift diffusion model (DDM) to decompose their responses into specific cognitive processes. Using multilevel structural equation models, we found that Antagonism was associated with faster RTs on the flanker task and lower accuracy on flanker and go/no-go tasks. These results were complemented by DDM parameter associations Antagonism was linked to decreased threshold and drift rate parameter estimates in the flanker task and a decreased drift rate on no-go trials. Altogether, our findings indicate that Antagonism is associated with specific impairments in fast (sub-second) inhibitory control processes involved in withholding prepared/prepotent responses and filtering distracting information. Disinhibition and momentary distress, however, were not associated with task performance.In this study, the chondrogenic potential of hyaluronic acid/chondrotin sulfate/carboxymethyl chitosan hydrogels with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) was evaluated. Here, hyaluronic acid, chondrotin sulfate, and carboxymethyl chitosan were used as the substrate for cartilage tissue engineering in which the hydrogel is formed due to electrostatic and hydrogen bonds through mixing the polymers. Because of the instability of this hydrogel in the biological environment, 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethylaminopropyl-carbodiimide hydrochloride/N-hydroxy-succinimide was used as a crosslinker to increase the hydrogel stability. The hydrogels showed reasonable stability due to the combined effect of self-crosslinking and chemical crosslinking. The cells were treated with the prepared hydrogel samples for 14 and 21 days in nondifferentiation medium for evaluation of the cellular behavior of ADMSCs. Gene expression evaluation was performed, and expression of specific genes involved in differentiation was shown in the crosslinked hydrogel with platelet-rich plasma (PRP) (H-EN-P) had increased the gene expression levels. Quantification of immunofluorescence intensity indicated the high level of expression of SOX9 in H-EN-P hydrogel. Based on the results, we confirmed that the presence of PRP and the similarity of the hydrogel constituents to the cartilage extracellular matrix could have positive effects on the differentiation of the cells, which is favorable for cartilage tissue engineering approaches.

There is a limited evidence base for the treatment of cutaneous sarcoidosis.

To describe treatment modalities and responses in patients with predominantly cutaneous sarcoidosis, in addition to clinical characteristics and prevalence of systemic disease.

Data were prospectively collected over a 6-year period. The Cutaneous Sarcoidosis Activity and Morphology Index was used to assess treatment effectiveness.

In total, 47 patients with biopsy-confirmed cutaneous sarcoidosis were identified. Morphologically, the most common lesions were papules (49%) and plaques (42.6%). The most commonly affected sites were the head and neck (79%); 89.4% had systemic as well as cutaneous disease; 77% received systemic corticosteroid therapy, while 87% required further steroid-sparing treatment; 40% achieved clinical remission with hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and 88% achieved clinical remission with methotrexate (MTX). OR of achieving remission on MTX compared with HCQ was 9.8 (95% CI 2.4-40.4, P=0.001). MTX was superior to both azathioprine (AZA) (OR=22; 95% CI 1.7-285.9; P=0.02) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (OR=22; 95% CI 1.7-285.9; P=0.02) in achieving remission.

HCQ is effective and well-tolerated. MTX was associated with significantly increased probability of achieving clinical remission compared with AZA and MMF.

HCQ is effective and well-tolerated. MTX was associated with significantly increased probability of achieving clinical remission compared with AZA and MMF.

The interplay between COVID-19 pandemic and asthma in children is still unclear. We evaluated the impact of COVID-19 pandemic on childhood asthma outcomes.

The PeARL multinational cohort included 1,054 children with asthma and 505 non-asthmatic children aged between 4 and 18years from 25 pediatric departments, from 15 countries globally. U0126 We compared the frequency of acute respiratory and febrile presentations during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic between groups and with data available from the previous year. In children with asthma, we also compared current and historical disease control.

During the pandemic, children with asthma experienced fewer upper respiratory tract infections, episodes of pyrexia, emergency visits, hospital admissions, asthma attacks, and hospitalizations due to asthma, in comparison with the preceding year. Sixty-six percent of asthmatic children had improved asthma control while in 33% the improvement exceeded the minimal clinically important difference. Pre-bronchodilahood asthma may be a risk factor for COVID-19. Furthermore, the potential for improving childhood asthma outcomes through environmental control becomes apparent.A 34-year-old male patient was preparing for splenic artery embolization because of a car crash. Personal or family histories of cardiovascular diseases, sudden cardiac death, or Brugada syndrome were denied. Type 1 Brugada pattern was observed in the preoperative electrocardiogram and gradually resolved within a week. Chest blunt trauma may contribute to the transient ECG changes, and some particular considerations should be taken in this patient.