Thyboagerskov0777

Further, density functional theory calculations indicate that cooperativity between two titanium atoms enables propylene epoxidation via a low-energy reaction pathway with a key oxygen-transfer transition state similar to that of olefin epoxidation by peracids. We therefore propose that dinuclear titanium sites, rather than isolated titanium atoms in the framework, explain the high efficiency of TS-1 in propylene epoxidation with H2O2. This revised view of the active-site structure may enable further optimization of TS-1 and the industrial epoxidation process.Starting with the launch of the Human Genome Project three decades ago, and continuing after its completion in 2003, genomics has progressively come to have a central and catalytic role in basic and translational research. In addition, studies increasingly demonstrate how genomic information can be effectively used in clinical care. In the future, the anticipated advances in technology development, biological insights, and clinical applications (among others) will lead to more widespread integration of genomics into almost all areas of biomedical research, the adoption of genomics into mainstream medical and public-health practices, and an increasing relevance of genomics for everyday life. On behalf of the research community, the National Human Genome Research Institute recently completed a multi-year process of strategic engagement to identify future research priorities and opportunities in human genomics, with an emphasis on health applications. Here we describe the highest-priority elements envisioned for the cutting-edge of human genomics going forward-that is, at 'The Forefront of Genomics'.Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a heterogeneous disease associated with substantial effects on quality of life, and its clinical management is difficult. Among the several available guidelines for the management of knee OA, those from OARSI and ESCEO were updated in 2019. Here, we examine the similarities and differences between these two guidelines and provide a narrative to help guide health-care providers through the complexities of non-surgical management of knee OA. OARSI and ESCEO both recommend education, structured exercise and weight loss as core treatments, topical NSAIDs as first-line treatments and oral NSAIDs and intra-articular injections for persistent pain. Low-dose, short-term acetaminophen, pharmaceutical grade glucosamine and chondroitin sulfate are recommended by ESCEO whereas OARSI strongly recommends against their use (including all glucosamine and chondroitin formulations). Despite this difference, the two guidelines are consistent in the majority of their recommendations and provide useful treatment recommendations for individuals with OA and health-care providers.Predation of invertebrate pest by natural enemies is a critical contribution of nature to people, because invertebrate pests cause a vast amount of economic damage and pesticides use has many long-term costs. Veteran trees are keystone structures and hotspots for biodiversity, and are a potential source of natural enemies. To explore this, we used a balanced experimental design where we measured predatory beetle diversity and attack marks on three colors of artificial caterpillars placed around 20 veteran oaks and 20 nearby young oaks, in Southern Norway. We predicted that around the veteran oaks there would be a greater diversity of predatory beetles and more invertebrate attacks on artificial caterpillars. Sampling for predatory beetles was conducted in summer 2017 and 2018, and invertebrate attacks were measured in 2018. We found support for the predictions diversity of predatory beetles was higher around veteran trees and there were more arthropod attack marks on artificial caterpillars placed around veteran trees. Our results indicated that veteran trees are a source of natural enemies. Valuing and protecting veteran trees and their communities is an essential step towards a more sustainable system of management that has the possibility of promoting both the wellbeing of people and biodiversity.An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.Two-dimensional metamaterials, consisting of an array of ultrathin building blocks, offer a versatile and compact platform for tailoring the properties of the electromagnetic waves. Such flat metasurfaces provide a unique solution to circumvent the limitations imposed by their three-dimensional counterparts. Albeit several successful demonstrations of metasurfaces have been presented in the visible, infrared, and terahertz regimes, etc., there is hardly any demonstration for ultraviolet wavelengths due to the unavailability of the appropriate lossless materials. Here, we present diamond as an ultra-low loss material for the near and deep ultraviolet (UV) light and engineer diamond step-index nanowaveguides (DSINs) to achieve full control over the phase and amplitude of the incident wave. A comprehensive analytical solution of step-index nanowaveguides (supported by the numerical study) is provided to describe the underlying mechanism of such controlled wavefront shaping. Due to the ultra-low loss nature of diamond in near and deep UV regimes, our DSINs and metasurfaces designed (from them) exhibit a decent efficiency of ≈ 84% over the entire spectrum of interest. To verify this high efficiency and absolute control over wavefront, we have designed polarization-insensitive meta-holograms through optimized DSINs for operational wavelength λ = 250 nm.Patients with gastric cancer are at higher risk for venous thromboembolic events (VTE). Majority of such patients are treated in ambulatory settings where thromboprophylaxis is not routinely offered. In this study, we report on VTE rates and search for predictors that may help identify patients at higher risk to justify VTE-prophylaxis in ambulatory settings. Patients with pathologically-confirmed gastric adenocarcinoma were retrospectively reviewed for VTE detected by imaging studies. Clinical and pathological features known to increase the risk of VTE were studied. Khorana risk assessment model was applied on patients receiving chemotherapy. A total of 671 patients; median age 55 years, were recruited. Bismuth subnitrate concentration VTE were diagnosed in 150 (22.4%) patients, including 42 (28.0%) pulmonary embolism and 18 (12.0%) upper extremity deep vein thrombosis (DVT). Majority (> 80%) developed VTE while in ambulatory settings and none had been on thromboprophylaxis. Rate was higher (27.1%) among 365 patients with metastatic compared to 16.