Thomassenhoffmann8382

Changes in the photophysical properties of pyrene ( Py )-octafluoronaphthalene ( OFN ) co-crystals ( Py•OFN ) upon mechanical stimuli are described herein. The Py•OFN co-crystal showed a mechano-induced bathochromic shift in emission, and a similar tendency was observed for the 1,3,6,8-tetramethylpyrene- OFN co-crystal. These shifts are due to disruption of the microscopic molecular orientation in the co-crystal, which allows for excimer formation. In sharp contrast to the parent Py•OFN and methyl-substituted Py-OFN co-crystals, no mechano-induced bathochromic shift was observed when longer alkyl chains were introduced to the 1-, 3-, 6-, and 8-positions of the Py chromophore. This photophysical opposability against mechanical stimuli could be explained by the orthogonally oriented alkyl groups on the Py ring, which existed between two Py cores like pillars. This fixed OFN to maintain the face-to-face alternatively stacked structure of the co-crystal and thus prevented the formation of the Py excimer. The pillar effect demonstrated herein provides a rational design for co-crystalline systems that are photophysically stable against mechanical stresses. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.BACKGROUND Anorexia, body wasting, inflammation, muscle, and adipose tissue loss are hallmarks of cancer cachexia, a syndrome that affects the majority of cancer patients, impairing their ability to endure chemotherapeutic therapies and reducing their lifespan. In the last 10 years, alterations of protein turnover and impairment of adult myogenesis have been proposed as major contributing factors. METHODS Muscle stem cells, including satellite cells, mesoangioblasts, and fibroadipogenic progenitors, were isolated and characterized from C26 colon carcinoma-bearing (C26) mice. Circulating levels of interleukin-4/13 (IL4/IL13) were analysed by ELISA, and the effects of IL4 on muscle mass and function, protein synthesis, muscle regeneration, and myogenic progenitor cell number were analysed at both functional (treadmill and grip test) and molecular levels (qRT-PCR, immunofluorescence analysis, surface sensing of translation, and western blot). The Kaplan-Meier test was used to analyse the survival curve of IL4-tr Disorders.INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to investigate the association of serum albumin (SA) level with long-term prognosis in patients with acute pulmonary embolism (PE). MATERIALS AND METHODS We retrospectively enrolled 269 patients with acute PE. The SA level was obtained within 12-24 hours following admission. The primary endpoints were the incidence of short- and long-term mortality in acute PE patients. The mean duration of the study follow-up was 21 ± 19 months. RESULTS During the follow-up period, short- and long-term mortality rates were higher in patients who had low SA level compared to those who did not have. In multivariate Cox regression analysis, the SA level was found to be independently associated with long-term mortality (HR 0.47, 95%CI 0.28-0.78, P = 0.004). In receiver operating characteristics analysis, the SA level of ≤3.17 predicted long-term mortality with a sensitivity of 77.5% and a specificity of 79.5% (area under the curve 0.82, 95%CI 0.76-0.87, P  less then  0.001). In addition, when the SA plus simplified pulmonary embolism severity index (sPESI) risk score compared to the sPESI risk score alone, it produced a net reclassification improvement of 0.22 with P  less then  0.001, that is a 22% improved classification. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study to demonstrate that the low SA level is a strong and independent predictor for long-term mortality in patients with acute PE. © 2020 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.CONTEXT The primary mission of pregnancy resource centers is to dissuade women from choosing abortion. Reproductive health and rights advocates have asserted that these centers interfere in abortion decision making. However, the reasons pregnant women go to such centers and what they experience while there have not been examined. METHODS Between June 2015 and June 2017, in-depth, semistructured phone interviews were conducted with 21 pregnant women who had presented at prenatal care clinics in southern Louisiana and Baltimore, Maryland, and who had visited a pregnancy resource center. Topics covered in the interviews included reasons for visiting a center and the experience of the visit. Transcripts were analyzed first thematically and then using grounded theory. RESULTS Most of the women were low income and had not been considering abortion when they visited a pregnancy resource center. Respondents reported that they had gone to these centers for pregnancy-related services, material goods and social support. They chose these centers because the resources were free, and they were largely satisfied with their experiences. Nonetheless, their receipt of services and goods was limited and often contingent on participation in the centers' activities. CONCLUSIONS Pregnancy resource centers play a role in meeting the acute material and social needs of low-income pregnant women. However, the constraints on the resources the centers offer mean that this support cannot be part of a reliable system of care. Advocates and policymakers should take a nuanced approach to regulating these centers and consider the reasons women visit them, especially low-income women. Copyright © 2020 by the Guttmacher Institute.The spirooxindole unit is one of the most widely investigated compound skeletons existing in numerous natural and pharmaceutical molecules. selleck chemical Thus, a large number of synthetic methodologies have already been reported to construct such a core structure. The trifluoromethyl group is another privileged unit in organic chemistry. The introduction of a CF3 group to an organic framework can significantly improve the properties of the molecule. In this context, an efficient approach for the construction of trifluoromethyl-containing spirooxindoles becomes a promising research direction among communities of industry and academia. In this Minireview, recent advances in the construction of trifluoromethyl-containing spirooxindoles have been summarized and discussed. In addition, representative synthetic methodologies and the corresponding reaction mechanisms have been described as well. © 2020 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.