Thaysenfitzsimmons8881

This study presents an effective technique for taking advantage of the full-field measurement method of Digital Image Correlation (DIC) for the assessment of the strain distribution during the metal forming process when the strain path change was performed. The applied methodology is based on the combination of a numerical simulation for the stress calculation and full-field surface strain measurement in a forward/reverse three-point bending test. In the numerical part, the Chaboche model and dislocation density-based model were selected and verified in terms of the prediction of a softening/hardening effect occurring during strain reversal. The Chaboche model parameters identification procedure, on the basis of a cyclic torsion test, combined with inverse analysis, was also described. The results of the study showed the advantages and disadvantages of both of the analyzed work hardening models. The obtained results were analyzed in the light of the deformation inhomogeneity and reorganization of the dislocation structure during the cyclic deformation test.Cerebral palsy (CP) football is a team para-sport practiced by para-athletes with eligible impairments of hypertonia, athetosis, and ataxia. This study aimed (1) to describe the anthropometrical and body composition profiles of international CP para-footballers with different CP profiles (i.e., spastic diplegia, athetosis/ataxia, spastic hemiplegia, and minimum impairment); (2) to analyze the differences between both affected/nondominant and nonaffected/dominant sides; and (3) to compare the sample of international-level CP para-footballers (n = 141) with a sample of highly trained able-bodied footballers (n = 39). Anthropometric measures included four breadths, nine girths, and six skinfolds, while body composition was measured through fat mass (including Carter's, Faulkner's, and Withers' equations), muscle mass (Lee's equation), and bone mass (Rocha's and Martin's equations). This study found differences between the able-bodied footballers and the following impairment profiles spastic diplegia (skinfolds); ataxia/athetosis (corrected calf of the nondominant side, and calf skinfolds for both sides); and spastic hemiplegia (all measurements excepting femur breadth, and thigh and ankle girths). No differences were found between para-athletes with minimum impairment and the able-bodied footballers. This study demonstrates that football players with or without physical impairments of hypertonia athetosis or ataxia may be considered homogeneous in shape when dominant size is compared. Besides, the study provides reference scores on anthropometric measures and body composition of international-level CP para-footballers that can help sports coaches and physical trainers to monitor physical fitness of their para-athletes.The capacity of cancer to adapt to treatment and evolve is a major limitation for targeted therapies. While the role of new acquired mutations is well-established, recent findings indicate that resistance can also arise from subpopulations of tolerant/persister cells that survive in the presence of the treatment. Different processes contribute to the emergence of these cells, including pathway rebound through the release of negative feedback loops, transcriptional rewiring mediated by chromatin remodeling and autocrine/paracrine communication among tumor cells and within the tumor microenvironment. In this review, we discuss the non-genetic mechanisms that eventually result in cancer resistance to targeted therapies, with a special focus on those involving changes in gene expression.Pleural disease diagnostics represent a sprawling topic that has enjoyed a renaissance in recent years from humble beginnings. Whilst pleural patients are heterogeneous as a population and in the aetiology of the disease with which they present, we provide an overview of the typical diagnostic approach. Pleural fluid analysis is the cornerstone of the diagnostic pathway; however, it has many shortcomings. Strong cases have been made for more invasive upfront investigations, including image-guided biopsies or local anaesthetic thoracoscopy, in selected populations. Imaging can guide the diagnostic process as well as act as a vehicle to facilitate therapies, and this is never truer than with the recent advances in thoracic ultrasound.The current methods to study the distribution and dynamics of viral RNA molecules inside infected cells are not ideal, as electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry can only detect mature virions, and quantitative real-time PCR does not reveal localized distribution of RNAs. We demonstrated here the branched DNA in situ hybridization (bDNA ISH) technology to study both the amount and location of the emerging -RNA and +RNA during acute and persistent enterovirus infections. According to our results, the replication of the viral RNA started 2-3 h after infection and the translation shortly after at 3-4 h post-infection. The replication hotspots with newly emerging -RNA were located quite centrally in the cell, while the +RNA production and most likely virion assembly took place in the periphery of the cell. We also discovered that the pace of replication of -RNA and +RNA strands was almost identical, and -RNA was absent during antiviral treatments. ViewRNA ISH with our custom probes also showed a good signal during acute and persistent enterovirus infections in cell and mouse models. Considering these results, along with the established bDNA FISH protocol modified by us, the effects of antiviral drugs and the emergence of enterovirus RNAs in general can be studied more effectively.Lipids are important molecules for human health. The quantity and quality of fats consumed in the diet have important effects on the modulation of both the natural biosynthesis and degradation of lipids. There is an important number of lipid-failed associated metabolic diseases and an increasing number of studies suggesting that certain types of lipids might be beneficial to the treatment of many metabolic diseases. The aim of the present work is to expose an overview of de novo biosynthesis, storage, and degradation of lipids in mammalian cells, as well as, to review the published data describing the beneficial effects of these processes and the potential of some dietary lipids to improve metabolic diseases.We attempted to modify the monoclinic-rutile structural phase transition temperature (Ttr) of a VO2 thin film in situ through stress caused by amorphous-crystalline phase change of a chalcogenide layer on it. VO2 films on C- or R-plane Al2O3 substrates were capped by Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) films by means of rf magnetron sputtering. Ttr of the VO2 layer was evaluated through temperature-controlled measurements of optical reflection intensity and electrical resistance. Crystallization of the GST capping layer was accompanied by a significant drop in Ttr of the VO2 layer underneath, either with or without a SiN x diffusion barrier layer between the two. The shift of Ttr was by ~30 °C for a GST/VO2 bilayered sample with thicknesses of 200/30 nm, and was by ~6 °C for a GST/SiN x /VO2 trilayered sample of 200/10/6 nm. The lowering of Ttr was most probably caused by the volume reduction in GST during the amorphous-crystalline phase change. The stress-induced in in situ modification of Ttr in VO2 films could pave the way for the application of nonvolatile changes of optical properties in optoelectronic devices.PRDI-BF1 (positive regulatory domain I-binding factor 1) and RIZ1 (retinoblastoma protein-interacting zinc finger gene 1) (PR) homologous domain containing (PRDM) transcription factors are expressed in neuronal and stem cell systems, and they exert multiple functions in a spatiotemporal manner. Therefore, it is believed that PRDM factors cooperate with a number of protein partners to regulate a critical set of genes required for maintenance of stem cell self-renewal and differentiation through genetic and epigenetic mechanisms. In this review, we summarize recent findings about the expression of PRDM factors and function in stem cell and neuronal systems with a focus on cofactor-dependent regulation of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2. We put special attention on summarizing the effects of the PRDM proteins interaction with chromatin modulators (NuRD complex and CtBPs) on the stem cell characteristic and neuronal differentiation. Although PRDM factors are known to possess intrinsic enzyme activity, our literature analysis suggests that cofactor-dependent regulation of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2 is also one of the important mechanisms to orchestrate bidirectional target gene regulation. Therefore, determining stem cell and neuronal-specific cofactors will help better understanding of PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2-controlled stem cell maintenance and neuronal differentiation. Finally, we discuss the clinical aspect of these PRDM factors in different diseases including cancer. Overall, this review will help further sharpen our knowledge of the function of the PRDM3/16 and FOG1/2 with hopes to open new research fields related to these factors in stem cell biology and neuroscience.Fucoxanthin is a well-known carotenoid of the xanthophyll family, mainly produced by marine organisms such as the macroalgae of the fucus genus or microalgae such as Phaeodactylum tricornutum. Fucoxanthin has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties but also several anticancer effects. Fucoxanthin induces cell growth arrest, apoptosis, and/or autophagy in several cancer cell lines as well as in animal models of cancer. Fucoxanthin treatment leads to the inhibition of metastasis-related migration, invasion, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, and angiogenesis. Fucoxanthin also affects the DNA repair pathways, which could be involved in the resistance phenotype of tumor cells. Moreover, combined treatments of fucoxanthin, or its metabolite fucoxanthinol, with usual anticancer treatments can support conventional therapeutic strategies by reducing drug resistance. This review focuses on the current knowledge of fucoxanthin with its potential anticancer properties, showing that fucoxanthin could be a promising compound for cancer therapy by acting on most of the classical hallmarks of tumor cells.The studies of some mechanical properties and photocatalytic activity of new cements with photocatalytic activity are presented. The new building materials were obtained by addition of semi-product from titanium white production. Semi-product was calcined at 300 and 600 °C for one, three, and five hours and then this material was added to cement matrix in an amount of 1 and 3 wt.%. New materials were characterized by measuring the flexural and compressive strength and the initial and the final setting time. The photocatalytic activity was tested during NOx photooxidation. The cement with photocatalytic activity was also characterized by sulphur content measurements. The measurement of reflectance percentage of TiO2-loaded cements in comparison with pristine cement and TiO2 photocatalyst calcined at 600 °C were also performed. 2,6-Dihydroxypurine It should be emphasized that although in some cases, the addition of photocatalyst reduced the flexural and the compressive strength of the modified cements, these values were still within the norm PN-EN 197-12012.