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Our results are the first evidence of altered cytoskeleton organization in circulating immune cells of CAMR patients. The increased expression of phosphorylated ARPC2 found in the PBMCs of our patients, and its association with derangement of F-actin filaments, might suggest that proteins regulating actin dynamics in immune cells could be involved in the mechanism of CAMR of kidney grafts.The unstoppable adoption of the Internet of Things (IoT) is driven by the deployment of new services that require continuous capture of information from huge populations of sensors, or actuating over a myriad of "smart" objects. Accordingly, next generation networks are being designed to support such massive numbers of devices and connections. For example, the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) is designing the different 5G releases specifically with IoT in mind. Nevertheless, from a security perspective this scenario is a potential nightmare the attack surface becomes wider and many IoT nodes do not have enough resources to support advanced security protocols. DNA Damage inhibitor In fact, security is rarely a priority in their design. Thus, including network-level mechanisms for preventing attacks from malware-infected IoT devices is mandatory to avert further damage. In this paper, we propose a novel Software-Defined Networking (SDN)-based architecture to identify suspicious nodes in 4G or 5G networks and redirect their traffic to a secondary network slice where traffic is analyzed in depth before allowing it reaching its destination. The architecture can be easily integrated in any existing deployment due to its interoperability. link2 By following this approach, we can detect potential threats at an early stage and limit the damage by Distributed Denial of Service (DDoS) attacks originated in IoT devices.Previous studies have suggested an association of anemia with hearing loss. The aim of this study was to investigate the association of nutritional anemia with sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL), as previous studies in this aspect are lacking. We analyzed data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service-Health Screening Cohort 2002-2015. Patients with SSNHL (n = 9393) were paired with 37,572 age-, sex-, income-, and region of residence-matched controls. Both groups were assessed for a history of nutritional anemia. Conditional logistic regression analyses were performed to calculate the odds ratios (ORs) (95% confidence interval, CI) for a previous diagnosis of nutritional anemia and for the hemoglobin level in patients with SSNHL. Subgroup analyses were conducted for age and sex. Age, sex, income, and region of residence were stratified. Obesity, smoking, drinking alcohol, systolic/diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, and the Charlson Comorbidity Index were considered in the regression models. Nutritional anemia was present in 4.8% (449/9393) of patients with SSNHL and 4.0% (1494/37,572) of controls (p less then 0.001). The SSNHL group demonstrated 1.20-fold higher odds for nutritional anemia (95% CI = 1.08-1.34, p = 0.001). Hemoglobin levels were not associated with SSNHL. In subgroups less then 60 years old, there was a consistent positive association of nutritional anemia with SSNHL (adjusted OR = 1.55, 95% CI = 1.11-2.15, p = 0.010 for men less then 60 years old, and adjusted OR = 1.22, 95% CI = 1.02-1.45, p = 0.028 for women less then 60 years old). Nutritional anemia, but not hemoglobin level, was associated with an increased risk of SSNHL.A machine learning approach is applied to Raman spectra of cells from the MIA PaCa-2 human pancreatic cancer cell line to distinguish between tumor repopulating cells (TRCs) and parental control cells, and to aid in the identification of molecular signatures. Fifty-one Raman spectra from the two types of cells are analyzed to determine the best combination of data type, dimension size, and classification technique to differentiate the cell types. An accuracy of 0.98 is obtained from support vector machine (SVM) and k-nearest neighbor (kNN) classifiers with various dimension reduction and feature selection tools. We also identify some possible biomolecules that cause the spectral peaks that led to the best results.Allotetraploid cotton (Gossypium hirsutum and Gossypium barbadense) are cultivated worldwide for its white fiber. For centuries, conventional breeding approaches increase cotton yield at the cost of extensive erosion of natural genetic variability. Sea Island cotton (G. barbadense) is known for its superior fiber quality, but show poor adaptability as compared to Upland cotton. Here, in this study, we use ethylmethanesulfonate (EMS) as a mutagenic agent to induce genome-wide point mutations to improve the current germplasm resources of Sea Island cotton and develop diverse breeding lines with improved adaptability and excellent economic traits. We determined the optimal EMS experimental procedure suitable for construction of cotton mutant library. At M6 generation, mutant library comprised of lines with distinguished phenotypes of the plant architecture, leaf, flower, boll, and fiber. link3 Genome-wide analysis of SNP distribution and density in yellow leaf mutant reflected the better quality of mutant library. Reduced photosynthetic efficiency and transmission electron microscopy of yellow leaf mutants revealed the effect of induced mutations at physiological and cellular level. Our mutant collection will serve as the valuable resource for basic research on cotton functional genomics, as well as cotton breeding.Activation of natural sepiolite by means of grinding in a planetary mill followed by wet NaOH activation was studied for the purpose of endowing the product with enhanced basicity for potential catalytic/sorptive applications. Synthesized solids were characterized with X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), N2 adsorption/desorption, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive (EDX), atomic absorption (AAS), Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and 29Si magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR) spectroscopies. Surface basicity was determined by titration with benzoic acid. Grinding changed the pathway of sepiolite phase transformation upon NaOH treatment. The as-received sepiolite evolved to Na-sepiolite (loughlinite) with a micropore system blocked by nanocrystalline Mg(OH)2, while ground samples yielded magnesium silicate hydrate phase (MSH), with well-developed microporous texture. In unmilled sepiolite desilication involved preferential leaching of Si from the center of the structural ribbons, while in ground samples additional loss of Si from ribbon-ribbon corner linkages was observed. In all cases treatment with NaOH led to enhancement of surface basicity. Synthesized materials were tested as catalysts in a base-catalyzed aldol self-condensation of acetone and oxidation of cyclohexanone to ε-caprolactone, as well as CO2 sorbents. Catalytic trends depended not only on samples' basicity, but also on texture and phase composition of the catalysts. Grinding combined with alkali activation proved a simple and effective method for boosting CO2-sorption capacity of sepiolite to the level comparable to amine-functionalized, acid-activated sepiolite sorbents.The porous carbon (bacterial cellulose (BC)-activated carbon (AC)(BA)) prepared via two-step activation of bacterial nanocellulose by treatments with potassium hydroxide (KOH) and then phosphoric acid (H3PO4) solutions showed superior adsorption properties and effective performance as catalyst support. BC-AC(BA) had an open and interconnected multi-porous structure, consisting of micropores (0.23 cm3/g), mesopores (0.26 cm3/g), and macropores (4.40 cm3/g). The BET surface area and porosity were 833 m2/g and 91.2%, respectively. The methylene blue adsorption test demonstrated that BC-AC(BA) was superior in its mass transfer rate and adsorption capacities. Moreover, BC-AC(BA) modified by H3PO4 treatment showed a significant enhancement of catalytic performance for dehydration of ethanol. At the reaction temperature of 250-400 °C, 30P/BC-AC(BA) gave ethanol conversion at 88.4-100%, with ethylene selectivity of 82.6-100%, whereas, high selectivity for diethyl ether (DEE) at 75.2%, at ethanol conversion of 60.1%, was obtained at the reaction temperature of 200 °C.Photoacoustic microscopy is a novel, non-ionizing, non-invasive imaging technology that evaluates tissue absorption of short-pulsed light through the sound waves emitted by the tissue and has numerous biomedical applications. In this study, a custom-built multimodal imaging system, including photoacoustic microscopy (PAM) and optical coherence tomography (OCT), has been developed to evaluate choroidal vascular occlusion (CVO). CVO was performed on three living rabbits using laser photocoagulation. Longitudinal imaging of CVO was obtained using multiple imaging tools such as color fundus photography, fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), OCT, and PAM. PAM images were acquired at different wavelengths, ranging from 532 to 700 nm. The results demonstrate that the CVO was clearly observed on PAM in both two dimensions (2D) and 3D with high resolution longitudinally over 28 days. In addition, the location and margin of the CVO were distinguished from the surrounding choroidal vasculature after the injection of ICG contrast agent. PAM imaging was achieved using a laser energy of approximately 80 nJ, which is about half of the American National Standards Institute safety limit. The proposed imaging technique may provide a potential tool for the evaluation of different chorioretinal vascular disease pathogeneses and other biological studies.Human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells derived from induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells have immunosuppressive properties. However, RPE cells are also known as immunogenic cells, and they have major histocompatibility complex expression and produce inflammatory proteins, and thus experience immune rejection after transplantation. In this study, to confirm the immunological properties of IPS-RPE cells, we examined whether human RPE cells derived from iPS cells could suppress or stimulate inflammatory T cells from uveitis patients via costimulatory signals. We established T cells from patients with active uveitis as target cells and used iPS-RPE cells as effector cells. As a result, cultured iPS-RPE cells inhibited cell proliferation and the production of IFN-γ by activated uveitis CD4+ T cells, especially Th1-type T cells. In contrast, iPS-RPE cells stimulated T cells of uveitis patients. The iPS-RPE cells constitutively expressed B7-H1/CD274 and B7-DC/CD273, and suppressed the activation of T cells via the PD-1 receptor. iPS-RPE expressed these negative costimulatory molecules, especially when RPE cells were pretreated with recombinant IFN-γ. In addition, iPS-RPE cells also expressed B7-H3/CD276 costimulatory molecules and activated uveitis T cells through the B7-H3-TLT-2 receptor. Thus, cultured iPS-derived retinal cells can suppress or activate inflammatory T cells in vitro through costimulatory interactions.Based on the use of s-triazine as a scaffold, we report here a new series of s-triazine Schiff base derivatives and their anti-proliferative activity against two cancer cell lines human breast carcinoma (MCF-7), and colon cancer (HCT-116) compared with tamoxifen as a reference compound. Several derivatives exhibited growth inhibition activity in the sub-micromolar range. The results reveal that the s-triazine Schiff base derivatives showed varied activities and that the substituents on the s-triazine core have a great effect on the anti-proliferative activity. Compounds with a piperidino and benzylamino substituent on the s-triazine moiety 4b and 4c were most effective in both cell lines compared to the reference compound used. In addition, compound 4b has a para chlorine atom on the benzylidine residue, demonstrating the most potent activity with IC50 values of 3.29 and 3.64 µM in MCF-7 and HCT-116, respectively. These results indicate that in general, the nature of the substituents on the triazine core and the type of substituent on the benzilyldene ring significantly influenced the anti-proliferative activity.