Tatesmed6685

52 (0.63--0.31), respectively. In addition to the assessment of Tregs by phenotype, six out of the 18 included studies investigated the functionality of these cells. These studies showed a lower inhibitory effect of Tregs cells on the proliferation of effector T cells of women with RM compared to fertile women. Also, the expression of IL-10 and TGF-beta was diminished. This systematic review shows that Treg levels and their function are significantly decreased in peripheral blood and decidua of pregnant and non-pregnant women with RM. This underlines the hypothesis that Tregs play a role in the pathogenesis of RM. Despite the multidimensional/ecological integrative perspective that suggests that the risk for problem gambling in adolescents can be determined by an interactive effect of different risk factors, few studies have investigated how different individual factors may affect the risk for problem gambling in a multiplicative way. This study aimed at exploring the interaction between immigrant status (IS) and sensation seeking (SS) on adolescent problem-gambling severity. The study involved 994 Italian adolescents (64% boys, Mage = 16.57, SD = 1.62). Participants' IS, SS and problem-gambling severity were individually assessed through, respectively, a socio-demographic questionnaire, the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale (BSSS) and the South Oaks Gambling Screen - Revised for Adolescents (SOGS-RA). Results showed that, among immigrant adolescents, there were higher levels of problem-gambling severity and a higher distribution of at-risk and problem gamblers with respect to non-immigrant adolescents. Both IS and SS had significant direct effects on problem-gambling severity, with IS and higher levels of SS being predictors of greater severity. A moderation analysis - controlling for gender and age - showed that adolescents with high scores of SS were more prone to experience gambling problems if they were also immigrant. These results have important implications for practice as they emphasize that specific interventions aimed at preventing problem gambling would be required for adolescents from immigrant families. In particular, it would be important to consider the role of SS in this specific youth target. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry (MS), a culture based alternative for microbial diversity studies, is an attractive tool to dereplicate large numbers of isolates to a smaller set of representatives for downstream characterization. In the present study, MALDI-TOF MS, combined with a database of reference spectra compiled in previous studies, was applied to identify 88 non-starter lactic acid bacteria (NSLAB) isolated from 18 samples of four different artisanal cheeses produced in the Island of Naxos, Greece, from raw sheep and goat milk without the addition of starters. Eighty-four isolates (95.5%) could be identified directly via MALDI-TOF MS. Lactobacillus brevis and Lactobacillus plantarum were the dominant species, followed by Lactococcus lactis, Leuconostoc mesenteroides Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Pediococcus pentosaceus and Enterococcus faecium. The remaining four isolates represented species present in the database; however, within-species diversity was insufficiently covered. Additionally, pheS sequencing was applied to confirm identification. HYPOTHESIS Oil spills stemming from supertankers, drilling, and natural events represent a serious problem worldwide due to the potential harms to marine ecosystems and aquatic life. To date, various functional absorbents have been developed to treat spilled oil. Among them, carbon nanotube (CNT)-based aerogels and sponges gained attention due to superior performance in uptake and recovery of various types of oil and organic solvents. CNT aerogel/sponge absorbents are demonstrated for a multitude of merits such as rapid superhydrophobic/superoleophilic absorption (water contact angle > 150°), high capacity (≥100 mg g-1), large surface area (300-400 m2 g-1)), enhanced strength and flexibility (>95% volume reduction and restoration of pristine morphology at 99% porosity), recyclability, and easy surface modification. EXPERIMENTS This review compares CNT sponge-based absorbents with conventional techniques for remediation/recovery of spilled oil. Typically, synthesis of CNT sponges is performed using chemical vapor deposition (CVD) approach in the presence of a catalyst or using sacrificial removal of template. This work summarizes recent progress in strategies for oil-spill treatment based on CNT sponge techniques. The performance of CNT sponges for oil spill removal was evaluated in terms of their adsorption capacity, compressive stressability, and desorption methods (e.g., heat treatment, burning, or squeezing). FINDINGS CNT sponges were observed to have high performance for removal of oil spills in terms of key performance metrics. Dansylcadaverine This review offers valuable insights into the current state of CNT-mediated oil-spill cleanup technologies and guidance for future research at the same time. This literature survey would help the stakeholders (researchers, scientists, entrepreneurs, and commercial houses) pursue contamination-free water. Electrochemical CO2 reduction with rationally designed copper-based electrocatalysts is a promising approach to reduce CO2 emission and produce value-added products. Grain boundaries and micron-strains inside catalysts have been proposed as active catalytic sites, while the controlled formation of these sites has remained highly challenging. In this work, we developed a strategy of creating high-density grain boundaries and micron-strains inside CuO electrocatalysts by fast cooling with liquid nitrogen. Compared to samples with slower cooling rates, the fast cooled CuO showed clear difference in their crystal domain sizes, micro-strain densities, and the chemisorption capacities of CO2 and CO. This micro-strain-rich CuO electrocatalyst exhibited a high total current density over 300 mA·cm-2, and an outstanding Faradaic efficiency for C2 products (with a majority to ethanol) at -1.0 V vs. reversible hydrogen electrode. Our work suggests a facile approach of tuning grain boundaries and micro-strains inside Cu-based electrocatalysts to scale up electrochemical CO2 reduction for high value-added products.