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w the intention-to-treat principle.

Findings of our study will help clinicians determine the risk-benefit balance of MUA and LOA, two frequently used surgical procedures for patients with knee arthrofibrosis.

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (www.chictr.org.cn); ChiCTR2000033467.

Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (www.chictr.org.cn); ChiCTR2000033467.Vascular calcification (VC) has been proved the main pathophysiology basis that results in the cardiovascular disease which become the leading cause of death in patients with chronic kidney disease. The disordered mineral metabolism, hyperphosphatemia, overuse of calcium binders, occurred in the setting of uremia, have become the critical risk factors of vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease, in which the vascular smooth muscle cells undergo differentiation to osteoblast-like cells. The mechanisms involved in vascular calcification are complicated and exosomes, as novel players, are proven to play a vital role in VC and function as initializers for mineral deposition. Exosomal miRNAs play an important role in the regulation of cellular functions in vascular calcification. In this review, we focused on the roles of exosomes during VC, especially on their effects on regulating vascular calcification through initializing mineral deposition as a nidus, transporting microRNAs to the recipient cells and mediating the vascular smooth muscle cells differentiation to osteoblast-like cells.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has become a global pandemic affecting more than 200 countries with 87 million patients worldwide as of January 7, 2021. Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) replicates in a large amount and reaches high-titer levels in a short time after the infection. COVID-19 caused by SARS-CoV-2 shows clinical symptoms mainly including fever, fatigue, dry cough, and dyspnea. In more severe COVID-19 patients, viral pneumonia characterized by bilateral ground glass or patchy opacity, may lead to acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), cytokine storm, multi-organ damage, and even death. Unfortunately, there is no effective therapy for COVID-19 until now. Magnesium isoglycyrrhizinate (MgIG), a magnesium salt of 18-α glycyrrhizic acid stereoisomer, belongs to the fourth generation of glycyrrhizic acid preparation. MgIG has various pharmacological activities including anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-virus, and immunoregulation, showing the protection against the injury of the vital organs (such as kidney, heart, and lung). Clinically, MgIG injection is usually used as a hepatoprotective agent to treat liver diseases. This narrative review summarizes the research and application of MgIG, and provides the evidence supporting the recommended MgIG as supportive therapy in the "Management Standard for Mild and Common Patients of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) (Second Edition)", which is jointly issued by National Health Commission of People's Republic of China and National Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine.In the recent years, migraine has been widely studied by scholars from all over the world. This study aimed to use scientometric methods to identify research frontiers and development trends in the field of migraine research. We used the Web of Science (WoS) core collection database to collect articles and reviews related to migraine published from 2010 to 2019 on March 25, 2020. VOSviewer, CiteSpace, and Excel were used for the scientometric analysis. A total of 6,357 publications (including 5,203 articles and 1,154 reviews) were identified. The United States published the most publications (n=2,151, 33.84%). Albert Einstein College of Medicine contributed the most publications (n=220, 3.46%). Cephalalgia was found to be the core journal with the most publications (n=766, impact factor 2019 =4.868) as well as the most co-citations (n=35,535). Lipton RB authored the most publications (n=159, 2.50%), while Silberstein SD received the most co-citations (n=4,215). The critical topics were causes and pathophysiological mechanisms, epidemiological characteristics, diagnostic criteria, treatment and prevention drugs, and migraine-related genes. Through the use of scientometric methods, this article has mapped the knowledge landscape of migraine research over the past decade. By showing the overall status of the field, it provides a useful reference for future research.

Pain is the most feared and distressing symptom in palliative care. In advanced stages of cancer, its incidence is 70-80%. In Mozambique there is little published information concerning to the prevalence, intensity, and pain's management in cancer patients.

A cross-sectional observational study was conducted between August 2018 and January 2019, in Mozambique's main hospitals, and in the only hospital with an isolated provision of palliative care service. The analyzed data included demographic data, pain intensity and its treatment. The Pain Management Index was used to calculate the adequacy of the analgesia.

A total of 294 patients were included. The mean patients' age was 46.1 years old. Concerning to pain, 83.7% of the patients had pain, most of them moderate to severe pain. The prevalence of pain was frequent in women mainly in cervical cancer (84.3%) and in men with Kaposi sarcoma (80%). The main analgesic used for severe pain was paracetamol, and it was used alone in 40.9% of the patients. Morphine was used in 8.1% and adjuvants less than 10%. Pain Management Index was negative for 68.7% of the sample, meaning an inadequate analgesia. Significant differences were found in Pain Management Index levels between hospitals.

The prevalence of pain in the main health institutions in Mozambique is high. Paracetamol was the analgesic most used in severe pain. Further studies are needed to understand the main reasons of patients' suffering.

The prevalence of pain in the main health institutions in Mozambique is high. Paracetamol was the analgesic most used in severe pain. Further studies are needed to understand the main reasons of patients' suffering.

Adjuvant chemotherapy can cause neutropenia by inhibition of hematopoiesis. However, little information is known about the effects of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia (CIN) on the outcomes of direct-to-implant (DTI) immediate breast reconstruction after skin-sparing mastectomy.

A retrospective review was performed for all patients with DTI immediate breast reconstruction after skin-sparing mastectomy (n=372) between January 2011 and December 2019. The demographic and complication of patients who experienced CIN during chemotherapy and those who did not were compared.

Major infection requiring surgical management occurred in 4 patients (7.1%) in the CIN group (n=56) and 2 (3.6%) in the non-CIN group (n=55). Minor infection requiring antibiotics treatment occurred in 1 patient (1.8%) in the CIN group and 1 (1.8%) in the non-CIN group. Skin necrosis occurred in 7 patients (12.5%) in CIN group and 11 patients (19.6%) in non-CIN group. There were no significant difference in incidence of all complications between two groups.

CIN may not significantly increase the incidence of severe complications in the patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy after DTI immediate breast reconstruction. However, close observation is required for possible breast complication and adequate treatment is needed.

CIN may not significantly increase the incidence of severe complications in the patients who received adjuvant chemotherapy after DTI immediate breast reconstruction. However, close observation is required for possible breast complication and adequate treatment is needed.

This investigation systematically evaluated the selenium levels and the effects of selenium supplementation in patients with autoimmune thyroid disease (AITD).

Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) related to selenium supplementation in patients with AITD were selected from the PubMed, Medline, Web of Sciences, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Spring databases. All related literature published between January 2000 and November 2020 were included. The RCT bias risk assessment was conducted according to the Cochrane Handbook 5.0.2. The Review Manager 5.3 software was applied for meta-analysis of the included literature.

A total of 17 articles meeting the requirements were selected, including a total of 1,911 subjects. Meta-analysis results showed that the serum free triiodothyronine (FT3) levels in patients was greatly reduced after selenium supplementation compared to placebo treatment (MD =-0.40; 95% confidential interval (CI) -0.70--0.10; Z=2.61; P=0.009). Serum free thyroxine (FT4) levels and anti-thyroid selenium supplementation showed a very important effect on AITD.

Researchers have not clearly determined whether adding aprepitant (ADH) to dexamethasone and one 5-HT3 receptor antagonist (DH) is clinically effective at preventing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) among patients with lung cancer (LC) treated with platinum-based chemotherapy (PBC). Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to examine the efficacy and safety of ADH and DH.

We searched the PubMed, ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, and Scopus databases, among others, for relevant studies. The primary outcomes were the complete response (CR) and the no nausea rate (NNR). The secondary endpoints were the number of patients who needed rescue antiemetic treatment (RAT), adverse events (AEs), and the Functional Living Index Emesis (FLIE) score.

We initially screened 2,118 articles; ultimately, four randomized controlled trials (RCTs) with 518 patients were included. The ADH group had a superior overall CR [risk ratio (RR) 1.16 (1.06, 1.27), P=0.002] and a lower number of patients who needed RAT [RR 0.44 (0.29, 0.65), P<0.0001]. The ADH group also had a better overall NNR [RR 1.11 (0.97, 1.26), P=0.12] and delayed CR [RR 1.12 (0.97, 1.31), P=0.13]. No significant differences were observed in acute CR, acute NNR, or delayed NNR. In the subgroup analysis of the overall CR and NNR, ADH was superior in certain clinical characteristics (China, cisplatin-based chemotherapy, 2nd-generation 5-HT3 receptor antagonist, ADC <50%, and Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) score of 0-2). No significant differences in the AEs characterized as hematological or nonhematological toxicity were observed between the groups.

Compared with DH, ADH appears to be superior at preventing CINV and achieving a better CR among patients with LC treated with PBC.

Compared with DH, ADH appears to be superior at preventing CINV and achieving a better CR among patients with LC treated with PBC.

To analyze the venous thromboembolism (VTE) risk factors and prophylaxis of elderly patients in the intensive care unit (ICU).

We retrospectively recruited 200 elderly patients with VTE and 234 non-VTE patients. VTE risk factors were got from data of all patients. The sensitivity and specificity of the Caprini scores and Padua scores were calculated. We use the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve and the area under the curve (AUC) to evaluate each score.

We found that male sex, sepsis, being bedridden (>72 hours), pneumonia, history of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, heart failure, glucocorticoid treatment, PaO2, hemoglobin (Hb), prothrombin time (PT), and international normalized ratio (INR), D-dimer (D-D), mechanical ventilation, and continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) were significantly associated with VTE in elderly ICU patients (P<0.05). RGFP966 For elderly patients in the ICU, the predictive ability of Caprini risk assessment model was better than that of the Padua risk assessment model.