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In an effort to expedite the publication of articles related to the COVID-19 pandemic, AJHP is posting these manuscripts online as soon as possible after acceptance. Accepted manuscripts have been peer-reviewed and copyedited, but are posted online before technical formatting and author proofing. These manuscripts are not the final version of record and will be replaced with the final article (formatted per AJHP style and proofed by the authors) at a later time.

While biologic medications have transformed the care and management of millions of patients, they are a large financial strain on the healthcare system. Biosimilar medications present a great opportunity to improve care affordability. However, despite streamlined approval processes and the potential for cost savings, the acceptance and adaptation of biosimilars have been slow. This descriptive report illustrates the preparation for, challenges, and execution of an enterprise-wide biosimilar conversion within a large healthcare system. The 3 phases biosimilar adaptation into consideration and have enough flexibility to account for these changes. Planned evaluations of patients' experiences with the change to the biosimilar should be incorporated as part of the implementation plan.

The barriers to biosimilar adaptation are plentiful. Careful planning, clear communication, and coordination with all affected disciplines can ensure successful biosimilar conversion.

The barriers to biosimilar adaptation are plentiful. Careful planning, clear communication, and coordination with all affected disciplines can ensure successful biosimilar conversion.

Rates of in utero opioid exposure continue to increase in the US. Nearly all of these pregnancies are unintended but there has been little intervention research addressing this growing and costly public health problem.

To test the efficacy and cost-benefit of onsite contraceptive services with and without incentives to increase prescription contraceptive use among women with opioid use disorder (OUD) at high risk for unintended pregnancy compared with usual care.

A randomized clinical trial of 138 women ages 20 to 44 years receiving medication for OUD who were at high risk for an unintended pregnancy at trial enrollment between May 2015 and September 2018. The final assessment was completed in September 2019. Data were analyzed from October 2019 to March 2021. Participants received contraceptive services at a clinic colocated with an opioid treatment program.

Participants were randomly assigned to receive 1 of 3 conditions (1) usual care (ie, information about contraceptive methods and community healt strategy for preventing unintended pregnancy.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02411357.

ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier NCT02411357.

Living-donor liver transplant (LDLT) offers advantages over deceased-donor liver transplant (DDLT) of improved intention-to-treat outcomes and management of the shortage of deceased-donor allografts. However, conflicting data still exist on the outcomes of LDLT in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

To investigate the potential survival benefit of an LDLT in patients with HCC from the time of waiting list inscription.

This multicenter cohort study with an intention-to-treat design analyzed the data of patients aged 18 years or older who had an HCC diagnosis and were on a waiting list for a first transplant. Patients from 12 collaborative centers in Europe, Asia, and the US who were on a transplant waiting list between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2017, composed the international cohort. The Toronto cohort comprised patients from 1 transplant center in Toronto, Ontario, Canada who were on a waiting list between January 1, 2000, and December 31, 2015. The international cohort centers perfora waiting list for a liver transplant. This benefit is associated with the elimination of the dropout risk and has been reported in centers in which both LDLT and DDLT options are equally available.The present study aimed to evaluate the use of organic and inorganic minerals in Cobb500 broiler breeder diet and its effects on the performance. The birds were housed in an experimental house at Poultry Laboratory of the Federal University of Santa Maria with 20 floor pens of 4.61m2 each. The experiment was conducted between 51st and 65th weeks of age of birds. The design was completely randomized with four treatments and five pen replicates with 22 hens and 2 roosters each. The treatments evaluated were PI=100% mineral inorganic premix; PO= 100% mineral organic premix PI+PO= 70% mineral inorganic premix + 30% mineral organic premix and PI+Zn= 100% mineral inorganic premix, except zinc mineral, that was 70% inorganic form and 30% organic form. The following parameters of performance and egg quality were evaluated laying rate, body weight, egg, albumen and yolk weight, yolk color and specific gravity of eggs. These parameters were performed one day per week throughout the experimental period to evaluated egg quality. Under the conditions and time that the experiment was conducted, the use of organic minerals had no significant effect on the performance and egg quality parameters evaluated in the broiler breeders.Pasteurella multocida subsp. multocida is responsible for different diseases that generate great economic losses in farm animal. The effectiveness of immunization against those bacteria are variable and the use of antibiotics is questioned; for that reason, we investigated the potential inhibitory effect of different carbohydrates on the adherence in vivo of P. multocida to the rabbit respiratory epithelium as an alternative for the prevention of respiratory infections. Rabbits were intranasally and intratracheally inoculated with a solution containing 200 µl of 1x107 CFU of P. multocida that was previously mixed with 250 µg /200 µl of N-acetylglucosamine, alphamethylglucoside, alphamethylmannoside, N-acetylgalactosamine or sialic acid. The animals that received N-acetylglucosamine, alphamethylglucoside or alphamethylmannoside individually or a mixture of these three carbohydrates plus the bacterium, showed a significant decrease (P less then 0.05) of the clinical symptoms, microscopic and macroscopic lesions in the nasal septa and in the lungs; also, the number of adhered bacteria to the nasal epithelium were also significantly reduced. This research demonstrates for the first time that such an approach could convert into a method for prevention of P. multocida infection in rabbits that is ecologically and economically safe and effective.Isolated rocky outcrops represent biodiversity centers, refuges for endangered species, and favorable scenarios for endemism. Most studies in these ecosystems have been focused mainly on their flora and secondarily on different groups of animals. To highlight the value of rocky outcrops as ecosystems for biodiversity conservation, in the present study, we describe the diversity of herptiles of three isolated rocky outcrops of northeastern Argentina and compare it with that of other natural areas of the region. We conducted fieldwork from September 2010 to March 2017. We calculated the alpha diversity and the number of rare, threatened and endemic species. For comparative diversity analysis, we calculated the importance of each area for amphibians and reptiles and the beta diversity. Were recorded a total of 56 species (23 amphibians and 33 reptiles), representing 35% of the herptiles recorded for Corrientes province. These species included 19 rare species, seven threatened species, and two endemic species. The overall beta diversity showed considerably differences in species composition between the compared areas. The rocky outcrops showed higher importance for amphibians and reptiles than the other areas studied. Our study contributes to the knowledge of rocky outcrops and highlights their importance in biodiversity conservation.In this study, the Gasteruptiidae (Hymenoptera, Evanioidea) collected in three environments at the Department of Rocha, in Eastern Uruguay, were documented based on a survey carried out with Malaise traps between December 2014 and December 2016. During the samplings, four species of Gasteruption Latreille, 1796 were captured, being 14 females and three males of Gasteruption brachychaetun Schrottky, 1906; eight females and five males of Gasteruption brasiliense (Blanchard, 1840); one female of Gasteruption helenae Macedo, 2011 and one female of Gasteruption brandaoi Macedo, 2011. Gasteruption brachychaetun, G. helenae and G. brandaoi are recorded by the first time from Uruguay.The present study consisted in optimizing the extractive method of polyphenols and total tannins of leaves of Syzygium cumini (L) Skeels assisted by microwaves to potentiate the antimicrobial activity of the dried extract of S. cumini against sensitive and resistant strains. A Box-Behnken design that consisted of 27 experimental runs coupled with a desirability function for multiple response optimization was employed to optimize the total polyphenols content and total tannins content. Antimicrobial sensitivity tests were evaluated by obtaining the minimum inhibitory concentration, minimum fungicidal concentration and minimum bactericidal concentration in 96-well petri dishes. https://www.selleckchem.com/products/AZD0530.html The optimal extraction conditions were found to be 8 min of extraction, under 300 w of microwave power, using a 134 g/mL solid/solvent ratio and 38% of ethanol concentration as extraction solvent. The parameter with the greatest influence in the extraction was primarily the time, followed by the potency and proportion solid/solvent. This yielded a total polyphenol content of 87.37 ± 1.85 mg TAE g-1ext and a total tannin content of 79.68 ± 1.64 mg TAE g-1 ext. All tested microorganisms were sensitive to the extract, evidencing the effectiveness of the extraction method optimization.The aging process of reservoirs has been extensively investigated; however, little is known about how fish populations are adjusted after many years of impoundment. Thus, this study aimed to compare the diet, length-weight relationship, sizes classes, variation in size, and age of Astyanax lacustris Lütken, 1875 collected from lotic and lentic habitats of an aging reservoir. The study group consisted of 730 captured fishes. We found that specimens collected from lotic habitats had a wider range of size classes (1.0 to 12.0 cm), were linked to a high frequency of juveniles (48.7%), and had greater feeding activity (higher stomach fullness). In contrast, fishes collected from lentic environments exhibited high rates of capture (78.4%), increased frequency of adults (87.3%), and higher values of mean standard length. The length-weight relationship indicated that lentic fishes were heavier than fish collected from lotic areas. Moreover, we observed 37 food items in A. lacustris diet, mainly plant material, algae, Cladocera, Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, and Ephemeroptera. Differences among the diet of fishes between sites were evidenced with Permanova (p less then 0.05). Astyanax lacustris can be considered a persistent species in Chavantes Reservoir after aging, encountering conditions to complete its life span and adjusting to food resources.