Sutherlandcorneliussen8770

The results on varying Mg2+ concentration tests indicated that Mg2+ showed no cell adverse effect under 10-mM concentration. MC3 The 8-mM group exhibited the best cell morphology, minimum apoptosis rate, and maximum osteogenic activity. This work may open a new perspective on the development and biomedical applications for Mg-Ti composites.Background The diagnosis of osteoporosis is still one of the most critical topics for orthopedic surgeons worldwide. One research direction is to use existing clinical imaging data for accurate measurements of bone mineral density (BMD) without additional radiation. Methods A novel phantom-less quantitative computed tomography (PL-QCT) system was developed to measure BMD and diagnose osteoporosis, as our previous study reported. Compared with traditional phantom-less QCT, this tool can conduct an automatic selection of body tissues and complete the BMD calibration with high efficacy and precision. The function has great advantages in big data screening and thus expands the scope of use of this novel PL-QCT. In this study, we utilized lung cancer or COVID-19 screening low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) of 649 patients for BMD calibration by the novel PL-QCT, and we made the BMD changes with age based on this PL-QCT. Results The results show that the novel PL-QCT can predict osteoporosis with relatively high accuracy and precision using LDCT, and the AUC values range from 0.68 to 0.88 with DXA results as diagnosis reference. The relationship between PL-QCT BMD with age is close to the real trend population (from ∼160 mg/cc in less than 30 years old to ∼70 mg/cc in greater than 80 years old for both female and male groups). Additionally, the calculation results of Pearson's r-values for correlation between CT values with BMD in different CT devices were 0.85-0.99. Conclusion To our knowledge, it is the first time for automatic PL-QCT to evaluate the performance against dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) in LDCT images. The results indicate that it may be a promising tool for individuals screened for low-dose chest computed tomography.Sex determination pathways in insects are generally characterised by an upstream primary signal, which is highly variable across species, and that regulates the splicing of a suite of downstream but highly-conserved genes (transformer, doublesex and fruitless). In turn, these downstream genes then regulate the expression of sex-specific characteristics in males and females. Identification of sex determination pathways has and continues to be, a critical component of insect population suppression technologies. For example, "first-generation" transgenic technologies such as fsRIDL (Female-Specific Release of Insects carrying Dominant Lethals) enabled efficient selective removal of females from a target population as a significant improvement on the sterile insect technique (SIT). Second-generation technologies such as CRISPR/Cas9 homing gene drives and precision-guided SIT (pgSIT) have used gene editing technologies to manipulate sex determination genes in vivo. The development of future, third-generation control technologies, such as Y-linked drives, (female to male) sex-reversal, or X-shredding, will require additional knowledge of aspects of sexual development, including a deeper understanding of the nature of primary signals and dosage compensation. This review shows how knowledge of sex determination in target pest species is fundamental to all phases of the development of control technologies.Inducing lipid peroxidation and subsequent ferroptosis in cancer cells provides a potential approach for anticancer therapy. However, the clinical translation of such therapeutic agents is often hampered by ferroptosis resistance and acquired drug tolerance in host cells. Emerging nanoplatform-based cascade engineering and ferroptosis sensitization by p53 provides a viable rescue strategy. Herein, a metallo-organic supramolecular (Nano-PMI@CeO2) toward p53 restoration and subsequent synergistic ferroptosis is constructed, in which the radical generating module-CeO2 nanoparticles act as the core, and p53-activator peptide (PMI)-gold precursor polymer is in situ reduced and assembled on the CeO2 surface as the shell. As expected, Nano-PMI@CeO2 effectively reactivated the p53 signaling pathway in vitro and in vivo, thereby downregulating its downstream gene GPX4. As a result, Nano-PMI@CeO2 significantly inhibited tumor progression in the lung cancer allograft model through p53 restoration and sensitized ferroptosis, while maintaining favorable biosafety. Collectively, this work develops a tumor therapeutic with dual functions of inducing ferroptosis and activating p53, demonstrating a potentially viable therapeutic paradigm for sensitizing ferroptosis via p53 activation. It also suggests that metallo-organic supramolecule holds great promise in transforming nanomedicine and treating human diseases.Shoes affect the biomechanical properties of the medial longitudinal arch (MLA) and further influence the foot's overall function. Most previous studies on the MLA were based on traditional skin-marker motion capture, and the observation of real foot motion inside the shoes is difficult. Thus, the effect of shoe parameters on the natural MLA movement during running remains in question. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the differences in the MLA's kinematics between shod and barefoot running by using a high-speed dual fluoroscopic imaging system (DFIS). Fifteen healthy habitual rearfoot runners were recruited. All participants ran at a speed of 3 m/s ± 5% along with an elevated runway in barefoot and shod conditions. High-speed DFIS was used to acquire the radiographic images of MLA movements in the whole stance phase, and the kinematics of the MLA were calculated. Paired sample t-tests were used to compare the kinematic characteristics of the MLA during the stance phase between shod and barefoot conditions. Compared with barefoot, shoe-wearing showed significant changes (p less then 0.05) as follows 1) the first metatarsal moved with less lateral direction at 80%, less anterior translation at 20%, and less superiority at 10-70% of the stance phase; 2) the first metatarsal moved with less inversion amounting to 20-60%, less dorsiflexion at 0-10% of the stance phase; 3) the inversion/eversion range of motion (ROM) of the first metatarsal relative to calcaneus was reduced; 4) the MLA angles at 0-70% of the stance phase were reduced; 5) the maximum MLA angle and MLA angle ROM were reduced in the shod condition. Based on high-speed DFIS, the above results indicated that shoe-wearing limited the movement of MLA, especially reducing the MLA angles, suggesting that shoes restricted the compression and recoil of the MLA, which further affected the spring-like function of the MLA.Traditional detection methods for protein tumor markers in the early screening of breast cancer are restricted by complicated operation procedures and unstable reproducibility. As one of alternative emerging tumor markers, exosomes play an important role in diagnosing and treating cancers at the early stage due to traceability of their origins and great involvement in occurrence and development of cancers. Herein, a washing-free and efficient fluorescent biosensor has been proposed to realize simple and straightforward analysis of breast cancer cell-derived exosomes based on high affinity aptamers and G quadruplex-hemin (G4-hemin). The whole reaction process can be completed by several simple steps, which realizes washing-free and labor-saving. With simplified operation procedures and high repeatability, the linear detection range for this developed fluorescent biosensing strategy to breast cancer cell-derived exosomes is from 2.5 × 105 to 1.00 × 107 particles/ml, and the limit of detection is down to 0.54 × 105 particles/ml.Percutaneous endoscopic lumbar discectomy has been widely used in clinical practice for lumbar spine diseases. But the postoperative disc re-herniation and inflammation are the main reason for pain recurrence after surgery. The postoperative local defect of the intervertebral disc will lead to the instability of the spine, further aggravating the process of intervertebral disc degeneration. In this work, we successfully synthesized the thermosensitive injectable celecoxib-loaded chitosan hydrogel and investigated its material properties, repair effect, biocompatibility, and histocompatibility in in vitro and in vivo study. In vitro and in vivo, the hydrogel has low toxicity, biodegradability, and good biocompatibility. In an animal experiment, this composite hydrogel can effectively fill local tissue defects to maintain the stability of the spine and delay the process of intervertebral disc degeneration after surgery. These results indicated that this composite hydrogel will be a promising way to treat postoperative intervertebral disc disease in future clinical applications.Most frequently, complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) develops after a trauma and affects distal parts of the limbs. Early recognition and initiation of adequate treatment is crucial for a favorable outcome. On the other hand, misdiagnosing other disorders as CRPS is detrimental because more appropriate treatment may be withheld from the patients. Despite intensive research, a specific biomarker or paraclinical measure for CRPS diagnosis is still lacking. Instead, clinical criteria approved by the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP) and latest adapted in 2019 are central for diagnosing CPRS. Thus, the CRPS diagnosis remains challenging with the risk of a "deliberate diagnosis" for unexplained pain, while at the same time a delayed CRPS diagnosis prevents early treatment and full recovery. CRPS is a diagnosis of exclusion. To clinically diagnose CRPS, a vigorous exclusion of "other diseases that would better explain the signs and symptoms" are needed before the patients should be referred to tertiary centers for specific pain treatment. We highlight red flags that suggest "non-CRPS" limb pain despite clinical similarity to CRPS. Clinical and neurological examination and paraclinical evaluation of a probably CRPS patient are summarized. Finally, we pinpoint common differential diagnoses for CRPS. This perspective might help CRPS researchers and caregivers to reach a correct diagnosis and choose the right treatment, regardless whether for CRPS mimics or CRPS itself.

Chronic pain (CP) prevalence estimates addressing a wide phenotype are still quite fragmented and may vary widely due to the lack of standardized tools of investigation. There is an urgent need to update general population CP estimates.

For this purpose, the Brief Five-item Chronic Pain Questionnaire was developed through experts' consultations for design and content validity assessment; literature analysis of measures used to investigate CP for general population surveys; understandability evaluation through a survey on a convenience sample of affected and non-affected individuals; reliability assessment by means of two double-wave online surveys carried out by the Italian Twin Registry; criterion and construct validity assessment through the third wave of the 2019 European Health Interview Survey (Ehis).

Key dimensions were defined to describe CP main aspects from a public health perspective. Literature analysis showed that validated questionnaires were rarely used to address important public health CP aspects.