Stougaardgriffin8585

Electronic structure properties highlight the charge transfer from the Al atom(s) to dehydrogenated model epoxy system.Semiconducting polymer nanoparticles (SPNs) possess many special photophysical and chemical properties. However, little research has been done on the potential of SPNs in laser technology. HSP (HSP90) inhibitor In this work, we present the ultrafast pulses generation at 1.5 and 2 μm through proposing the deposition of SPNs onto a side-polished fiber (SPF) platform as the nonlinear optical modulator. SPNs are designed and prepared through a combination of density functional theory and nanoreprecipitation method. The prepared SPNs not only exhibit strong linear absorption but also has nonlinear saturable absorption characteristics. Once SPF-SPNs saturable absorber (SA) is integrated into the laser cavity, ultrafast lasers of 1.5 and 2 μm can be achieved with high performance. Our results show that SAs based on the SPNs and SPF are promising nonlinear optical modulators for broadband ultrafast pulse generation.The emerging applications of electrochemical gas sensors (EGSs) in Internet of Things-enabled smart city and personal health electronics bring out a new challenge for common EGSs, such as alcohol fuel cell sensors (AFCSs) to reduce the dependence on a pricy Pt catalyst. Here, for the first time, we propose a low-cost novel N,S-codoped metal catalyst (FeNSC) to accelerate oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and replace the Pt catalyst in the cathode of an AFCS. The optimal FeNSC shows high ORR activity, stability, and alcohol tolerance. Furthermore, the FeNSC-based AFCS not only demonstrates excellent linearity, low detection limit, high stability, and superior sensitivity to that of the commercial Pt/C-based AFCS but also outperforms commercial Pt/C-based AFCS in the exposed cell regarding great linearity, high sensitivity, and great stability. Such a promising sensor performance not just proves the concept of the FeNSC-based ACFS but enlightens the next-generation designs toward low-cost, highly sensitive, and durable EGSs.Chalcogenide Cu(In,Ga)Se2 solar cells yield one of the highest efficiencies among all thin-film photovoltaics. However, the variability of the absorber compositions and incorporated alkali elements strongly affect the conversion efficiency. Thus, effective strategies for spatially resolved tracking of the alkali concentration and composition during operation are needed to alleviate this limitation. Here, using a hard X-ray nanoprobe, we apply a synergistic approach of X-ray fluorescence analysis and X-ray beam-induced current techniques under operando conditions. The simultaneous monitoring of both compositional and functional properties in complete solar cells illustrates the exceptional capabilities of this combination of techniques in top-view geometry, where high spatial resolution resulted even underneath the electrical contacts. Our observations reveal Rb agglomerations in selected areas and compositional variations between different grains and their boundaries. The concurrent detection of the functionality exhibits negligible effects on the collection efficiency for Rb-enriched grain boundaries in comparison to their neighboring grains, which indicates the passivation of detrimental defects.To fabricate efficient dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), 4-tert-butylpyridine (TBP) is commonly used as an additive in the electrolytes for improving the photovoltages (VOC). However, TBP cannot play a positive role in improving the photocurrent (JSC) because of the lack of absorption in the visible-wavelength range. We herein report a light-absorbing pyridine derivative N1 as an additive for the axial coordination with porphyrin dyes. N1 was synthesized by introducing a (bis(4-methoxyphenyl)amino)anthryl moiety into the para-position of pyridine via an acetylene bridge, and porphyrin dye XW64 containing meso-3,5-disubstituted phenyl groups was synthesized considering that the meta-substituted phenyl groups may induce weaker steric hindrance with the axial pyridyl ligand, as compared with wrapped and strapped porphyrin dyes. Thus, N1 was used as an electrolyte additive together with TBP. When optimized concentrations of 6 mM N1 and 0.5 M TBP were used for fabricating DSSCs based on XW64, enhanced photovoltaic performance was achieved, with JSC, VOC, and efficiency of 15.65 mA·cm-2, 0.701 V, and 7.35%, respectively, superior to those of the corresponding DSSCs without using the additives (JSC = 14.86 mA·cm-2, VOC = 0.599 V, and efficiency = 5.94%). The enhancement of JSC can be ascribed to the improved light-harvesting ability induced by the axially coordinated N1. Furthermore, the two additives also can be used to fabricate efficient solar cells based on the wrapped porphyrin dye XW42, achieving high efficiency of 10.3%, indicative of their general applicability in fabricating high-performance DSSCs. These results indicate that the simultaneous employment of the traditional TBP additive and a pyridyl ligand with light-harvesting ability in the electrolyte for the axial coordination to a porphyrin dye is a promising approach for developing efficient DSSCs.In 2011, with the successful isolation of Ti3C2, a door of 2D layered MXene has been opened and received growing attention from researchers. MXene refers to a family of two-dimensional (2D) materials made up of atomic layers of the transition metal, carbide, nitrides, or carbonitrides. Given the large surface area, adjustable surface terminal groups, and excellent conductivity of MXene, it has shown exciting potential in photocatalysis, energy conversion, and many other fields. Among many 2D MXene, Ti3C2 was the most studied for its availability, low cost, facile modification procedure, and outstanding electronic properties. In previous investigations, Ti3C2 has shown huge potential in the photocatalysis area. Ti3C2 in a photocatalysis system can enhance the separation of photoinduced electrons and holes, reduce charge recombination, and thus improve the photocatalysis performance in many systems. To adjust the performance of Ti3C2 in different applications, the properties of Ti3C2 including morphology, structures, and stability are tunable by different post-processing method in the hybridized materials.