Stormrasmussen6049

Objective To understand the characteristics of spatiotemporal clustering on hepatitis A in Gansu province and to provide evidence for hepatitis A prevention and control. Methods Data related to hepatitis A were retrieved from National Notifiable Disease Report System, ArcGIS 10.3 and SaTScan 9.1 in Gansu province from 2004 to 2018. Results The annual average report incidence rate of hepatitis A was 10.91/100 000, showing a descending trend with no periodic or seasonal features. After the implementation of national expanded immunization program, high annual incidence rates had been seen in Linxia Hui autonomous prefecture and Gannan Tibetan autonomous prefecture. From 2004 to 2012, the lowest RR value appeared in the 0-9 age group (P=0.000) while the highest RR value was in the over 60 age group during 2013-2018 except for the age 0-9 group in 2015. The annual average incidence rate was increasing from south to north and west to east, across the territory. Results from the temporal scanning program revealed that the incidence of hepatitis A was temporally aggregated from 2004 to 2018. For spatio-temporal scanning of 2004-2008, data showed one most likely cluster area (radius 91.95 km, Time frame 2004-2005), apparel mainly in Linxia and Longnan cities. Results from the spatio-temporal scanning program of 2009-2018 also showed that the most likely cluster areas (radius 183.26 km, Time frame 2009-2012) were in Gannan, Linxia, Dingxi and Longnan areas. Conclusions The reported incidence rates of hepatitis A were declining, without significant periodic or seasonal pattern in Gansu province from 2004 to 2018. In the 0-9 years-old group, the incidence rate showed the lowest, while the highest was in the 60 year-olds group. Spatio-temporal clustering of hepatitis A was observed in Gansu province from 2004 to 2018. Strategies on prevention and control of the disease should be targeted in the southwest regions of the province.Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of syphilis in Zhejiang province and to provide scientific basis for the development of syphilis prevention and control strategies. Methods A descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on the incidence data of syphilis in Zhejiang from 2010 to 2019. Results During the period, the incidence rate of syphilis decreased from 94.90/100 000 in 2010 to 53.53/100 000 in 2019 with an average decreasing rate of 6.16%. The annual decreases of the incidences of congenital syphilis, primary syphilis and secondary syphilis were all obvious, which were 43.47%, 21.38% and 14.19% respectively. The proportion of latent syphilis cases increased with year. Except for Lishui, the incidences of syphilis in the remaining 10 prefectures showed declining trends. The incidence rates in both men and women showed declining trends with the average rates of 4.80% and 6.45% respectively. The incidence peaks occurred in old men aged ≥60 years and in sexually active women aged 20-34 years, and the syphilis cases in age group ≥60 years increased significantly. The cases were mainly farmers, accounting for 43.00%. Conclusion The incidence of syphilis in Zhejiang showed a decreasing trend, but the situation remains serious, indicating that the intensity and quality of the comprehensive prevention and control needs to be further strengthened.Objective To explore the prospective association between consumption pattern of sugar-sweetened beverages and childhood periodontal health. Methods This study was based on a 4-year longitudinal cohort of children from Bengbu, Anhui province. Pattern of sugar-sweetened beverages was determined by group-based trajectory modeling (GBTM) through annual child-reported questionnaire. Association between sugar-sweetened beverages pattern with plague index and gingivitis was explored through multivariate linear and logistic regression. Results A total of 997 children including 418 boys and 579 girls were included in this study, with an average age of (11.00±0.70) years at the final wave. Four consumption patterns on sugar-sweetened beverages were identified by GBTM persistent low group (80.70%), gradually decreasing group (12.40%), decreasing after increasing group (2.20%) and gradually increasing group (4.70%). Compared with the persistent low group (1.08±0.70), the Plague index among gradually increasing group (1.73±0.80) was significantly higher (t=4.00, P less then 0.001). The prevalence of gingivitis was significantly higher among children in the gradually increasing group (12.80%) than that in the persistent low group (3.00%) (χ(2)=12.40, P less then 0.001). After controlling for related confounders, results suggested that Plague index increased by 0.58 (95%CI 0.27-0.89) and 0.38 (95%CI 0.03-0.73) in the gradually increasing group and "decreasing follow the increase" group, respectively when compared with the persistent low group. The risk for gingivitis was 4.42 times (95%CI 1.65-12.20, P=0.003) higher in the gradually increasing group. Gefitinib clinical trial Conclusion Our data suggested that children with higher sugar-sweetened beverages consumption during the transition period from childhood to adolescence were under higher risk for periodontal diseases.Objective To examine the relationship between pre-pregnancy BMI, gestational diabetes (GDM) and different indicators of childhood obesity at the age of 4. Methods Based on Ma'anshan Birth Cohort Study, singleton children who were born in Ma'anshan of Anhui province from October 2013 to April 2015, were followed for 4 years, consecutively. During the first questionnaire survey, data including pre-pregnancy weight, height and socio-demography were collected. During 24-28 week of gestation, 75 g oral glucose tolerance test was conducted for them. Childhood height, weight, waist circumference and body composition were measured at the age of 4. Comparisons between groups were performed using chi-square test, analysis of variance or t-test. The relationship between pre-pregnancy overweight/obesity, GDM and childhood obesity-related characteristics were analyzed by logistic regression model and generalized linear model analysis. Results The prevalence rates of overweight and obesity in children at the age of 4 were 13.