Stoneulriksen4165
7%) with pituitary adenoma and polycystic ovary syndrome, and 86 participants (47.3%) with idiopathic hyperprolactinemia. The results of this study showed that there was no statistically significant difference between the mean prolactin levels in participants with different causes of hyperprolactinemia (p = 0.31).
Idiopathic hyperprolactinemia and polycystic ovary syndrome are the most common reasons for hyperprolactinemia.
Idiopathic hyperprolactinemia and polycystic ovary syndrome are the most common reasons for hyperprolactinemia.
Pregnancy through assisted reproductive technology (ART) is a stressful experience that may affect prenatal attachment. However, maternal-fetal attachment (MFA) and anxiety in pregnancy after ART are understudied in Iran.
To compare changes in MFA and pregnancy-related anxiety (PRA) in the first and third trimester of pregnancy in women who conceived through ART compared to those who conceived naturally.
This longitudinal study was conducted in 2019 with 187 pregnant women (ART conception = 43, natural conception = 144). Participants were recruited using the consecutive sampling method from a prenatal clinic in Tehran. The Cranley MFA Scale and the Van Den Bergh PRA Questionnaire were used to collect the data.
The MFA score in the 12
th
wk of gestation was lower in the women who conceived with ART compared to in the women who conceived naturally, but there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in wk 36. MFA in both groups was significantly higher at gestational wk 36 than wk 12 (p
≤
0.001). The increase in MFA score was significantly higher in the women who conceived with ART than in those who conceived naturally (p
≤
0.001). The anxiety score declined in the two groups and no statistically significant difference was observed in the changes of anxiety scores between the two groups (p = 0.84).
Pregnant women who conceived through ART were as attached to their fetus in the third trimester of pregnancy as other women and did not experience more PRA.
Pregnant women who conceived through ART were as attached to their fetus in the third trimester of pregnancy as other women and did not experience more PRA.
Key reactions in folate-mediated single-carbon metabolism are regulated by folate cycle enzymes. Violations of the folate cycle may be associated with the occurrence of fetal growth restriction (FGR) in pregnant women.
To study the relationship between polymorphisms of folate cycle genes in the mother with the development of FGR.
In this case-control study, 122 pregnant women with FGR and 243 pregnant women with normal newborn weight were enrolled. The polymorphic loci of folate cycle genes including rs1805087 5-methylenetetrahydrofolate (
) and rs1979277 serine hydroxymethyl transferase (
) were examined. The study of polymorphisms was carried out through the TaqMan probe detection method using polymerase chain reaction. Logistic regression was used to analyze the associations of the polymorphisms.
It was established that the T allele rs1979277 of the
gene was correlated with the development of FGR within the framework of the allelic (OR = 1.67, 95% CI 1.20-2.33, p
perm
<
0.01), additive (OR = 1.69, 95% CI 1.20-2.37, p
perm
<
0.01), dominant (OR = 1.81, 95% CI 1.15-2.87, p
perm
= 0.01) and recessive (OR = 2.34, 95% CI 1.15-4.73, p
perm
= 0.01) models. The association of the G rs1805087 allele of the
gene with the occurrence of FGR was also identified following the recessive model (OR = 3.01, 95% CI 1.05-8.68, p
perm
= 0.04).
Our results indicated that maternal polymorphic loci rs1979277
and rs1805087
may be associated with the development of FGR.
Our results indicated that maternal polymorphic loci rs1979277 SHMT1 and rs1805087 MTR may be associated with the development of FGR.
Failed oocyte activation following intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) as a result of calcium deficiency is a major challenge.
We compared the effect of cult-active medium (CAM) on ICSI outcomes in obstructive azoospermia cases.
The present study was conducted with 152 ICSI cases, classified into CAM and control groups. The injected oocytes in the control group were cultured in the cleavage medium, while in the artificial oocyte activation group, oocytes were chemically activated through exposure to 200 µL of CAM for 15 min. Fertilization and cleavage rates, quality of embryos, and biochemical pregnancy and live birth rates were assessed in both groups.
There were significant differences between the groups in terms of fertilization and cleavage rates after using the CAM in the percutaneous epididymal sperm aspiration (PESA) subgroup (p = 0.05, p
≤
0.001) and in the testicular sperm extraction subgroup (p = 0.02, p = 0.04), compared to their control groups. Also, the pregnancy rate was significantly higher in the PESA-CAM subgroup (p = 0.03). The PESA-CAM subgroup demonstrated a significant difference in embryo quality after ICSI (p = 0.04). Unsuccessful embryo transfer and abortion were lower in both subgroups compared to the control groups, but this difference was not significant. Surprisingly, live birth rate was higher in the PESA-CAM subgroup (p = 0.03).
CAM treatment could improve fertilization and cleavage rates in obstructive azoospermia participants. It had a significant effect on embryo quality, and pregnancy and live birth rates in PESA cases.
CAM treatment could improve fertilization and cleavage rates in obstructive azoospermia participants. It had a significant effect on embryo quality, and pregnancy and live birth rates in PESA cases.
Titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO
2
NPs) are widely used in many compounds. Recent evidence has displayed some cytotoxic effects of TiO
2
NPs on male reproduction.
The effects of TiO
2
NP administration on sperm parameters and chromatin and seminiferous histopathology of male mice were investigated.
In this experimental study, 32 NMRI male mice (35
±
3 gr, 8-12-week-old) were divided into four groups (n = 8/each) treated groups were fed orally with 2.5 (group I), 5 (group II) and 10 (group III) mg/kg/day TiO
2
NPs for 40 days and the control group received phosphate buffered saline. Sperm parameters, DNA integrity and chromatin quality were assessed using chromomycin A3, aniline blue, toluidine blue staining and TUNEL. Hematoxylin eosin staining was performed to measure spermatogenic cells and the total diameter of seminiferous tubules. Also, sex hormone and malondyaldehydeear; however, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of TiO 2 NPs may relate to oxidative stress. Given their widespread use, TiO 2 NPs should be a public health focus of attention.
The umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells conditioned medium (UC-MSCs-CM) produces secretomes with anti-apoptotic properties, and has the potential to prevent apoptosis of granulosa cells (GC) during controlled ovarian hyperstimulation.
To observe the effect of UC-MSCs-CM on the interaction between pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins and the influence of growth differentiation factor 9 (GDF9) production in GC.
UC-MSCs-CM was collected from umbilical cord stem cell culture on passage 4. GC from 23 women who underwent in vitro fertilization were cultured and exposed to UC-MSCs-CM for 24 hr. Then RNA of the GC was extracted and the mRNA expression of BCL-2 associated X (BAX), survivin and GDF9 were analysed using quantitative real-time PCR. The spent culture media of the GC were collected for measurement of insulin growth factor 1 using ELISA.
The expression of BAX was significantly different after UC-MSCs-CM exposure (4.09E-7 vs. 3.74E-7, p = 0.02). No significant changes occurred in survivin, BAX/survivin ratio, and GDF9 expression after UC-MSCs-CM exposure (p
>
0.05). The IGF-1 level of the CM was significantly higher after the CM was used as a culture medium for GC (2.28 vs. 3.07
±
1.72, p
≤
0.001). learn more A significant positive correlation was found between survivin and GDF9 (r = 0.966, p
≤
0.001).
IGF-1 produced by UC-MSCs-CM can work in paracrine fashion through the IGF receptor, which can inhibit BAX and maintain GDF9 production. Moreover, under the influence of UC-MSCs-CM, GC are also capable of producing IGF-1, which can impact GC through autocrine processes.
IGF-1 produced by UC-MSCs-CM can work in paracrine fashion through the IGF receptor, which can inhibit BAX and maintain GDF9 production. Moreover, under the influence of UC-MSCs-CM, GC are also capable of producing IGF-1, which can impact GC through autocrine processes.
Regulation of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress pathway is critical to mammary epithelial cell function throughout pregnancy, lactation, and involution. Treatment with
-10,
-12 conjugated linoleic acid (t10c12CLA) suppresses mammary lipogenesis and stimulates the ER stress pathway. The ER stress pathway includes tribbles pseudokinase 3 (TRB3), a protein that regulates cellular energy and insulin signaling.
Our objective was to describe the effect of TRB3 deficiency on milk fat synthesis and determine if TRB3 deficiency protects against suppression of mammary lipogenesis.
First, mammary
expression was observed throughout pregnancy and lactation using ancillary microarray data (
=4/time point). Second, intake, litter growth, and milk clot fatty acid (FA) profile of
knockout (KO) C57BL/6Nmice were compared with wild-type (WT) and heterozygous (HET) mice throughout first (
≥8/group) and second (
≥6/group) lactation. Lastly, the interaction between
genotype and 2 treatments that suppress mammary lipogenesis, t10c12CLA and high safflower oil (HO) diet, was investigated in a 2×2 factorial design (
≥6/group).
expression was higher during late pregnancy and lactation.
KO and HET mice had lower feed intake, dam weight, and litter growth throughout first, but not second, lactation than WT mice. Treatment with t10c12CLA decreased litter growth (28%;
<0.0001) and feed intake (8%;
<0.0001) regardless of
genotype. When fed the HO diet,
KO mice had 17% higher mammary de novo synthesized FAs (<16 carbons;
=0.002) than WT mice. Mammary ER stress and lipogenic genes were mostly unaltered by
deficiency.
Overall, TRB3 plays a minor role in regulating mammary lipogenesis, because
deficiency had only a limited protective effect against diet-induced suppression of lipogenesis.
Overall, TRB3 plays a minor role in regulating mammary lipogenesis, because Trb3 deficiency had only a limited protective effect against diet-induced suppression of lipogenesis.
Early diagnosis is important in patients with Lisfranc joint injury to avoid subsequent complications. As the ligaments in the Lisfranc joint are relatively small and course obliquely, isotropic 3-dimensional (3D) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be beneficial to evaluate ligament injury. The purpose of this study was to investigate the diagnostic accuracy of MRI, including isotropic 3D MRI for acute injury of the Lisfranc joint, especially of the interosseous C1-M2 ligament (Lisfranc ligament), the dorsal C1-M2 ligament (dorsal ligament), and the interosseous C1-C2 ligament, compared with direct operative observations.
This retrospective review identified 27 patients who had undergone MR examination for acute Lisfranc joint injury followed by surgery. We reviewed the operative reports that described the Lisfranc, dorsal, and interosseous C1-C2 ligaments. All patients underwent an MRI, including a 2D oblique plane image parallel to the Lisfranc ligament and an isotropic 3D MRI. An image analysis of the integrity of the 3 ligaments and other associated injuries was performed.
