Stewartsonne4772
Measurements were performed at baseline and following methacholine (50 mg/mL) challenges. In addition, white blood cells (WBC) count, total protein, and IgE levels were measured in bronchial alveolar lavage fluid (BALF), lung, and serum, respectively. Glabridin (20 or 30 mg/kg) significantly attenuated (p less then 0.05) OVA-induced alteration in respiratory parameters. Elevated counts of total WBC, differential WBC (neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, and eosinophils) in BALF and the total protein in lungs and BALF were significantly decreased (p less then 0.05) by glabridin (20 or 30 mg/kg). It also significantly attenuated the increased serum IgE levels (p less then 0.05). As glabridin reduces the level of serum IgE, the total protein and the count of WBC and improves respiratory function, it may be a novel therapeutic agent in asthma.Recent advances have identified a growing array of roles played by lymphatics in the tumor microenvironment, from providing a route of metastasis to immune modulation. The tumor microenvironment represents an exceptionally complex, dynamic niche comprised of a diverse mixture of cancer cells and normal host cells termed the stroma. This review discusses our current understanding of stromal elements and how they regulate lymphatic growth and functional properties in the tumor context.Various theories and their associated mechanisms have been proposed as the neural basis of phantom sound perception (tinnitus), including central gain enhancement and altered cortical oscillations. However, it remains unknown whether these cortical changes directly cause tinnitus, or simply coexist with the phantom percept. Using chronically-implanted electrodes and drug delivery cannulae in rats, we examined whether enhanced central gain and cortical oscillations are consistent across different tinnitus induction methods (noise exposure; salicylate), and if directly-inducing enhanced central gain or altered cortical oscillations via pharmacologic manipulation of inhibition along the auditory pathway would cause behavioral evidence of tinnitus. this website We show that, while there appeared to be no clear link between tinnitus and the presence of enhanced sound-evoked cortical activity or altered spontaneous cortical oscillations, pharmacologic impairment of GABAergic neurotransmission in the auditory cortex was sufficient to cause tinnitus; collective findings which further advance our understanding of the neural basis of tinnitus.
Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal, commonly known as Ashwagandha, is an important medicinal plant that has been used in Ayurvedic and indigenous medicine for more than 3000 years. According to Charaka Samhita, Susruta Samhita and other ancient texts, Ashwagandha is known as Balya (increases strength), Brusya (sexual performance enhancer), vajikari (spermatogenic), Kamarupini (libido-enhancing), Pustida (nourishing).
This review article documented and critically assessed W. somnifera regarding its ethnopharmacology, traditional use, botanical description, phytochemicals present, pharmacological activities, clinical trials, and marketed formulations.
The sources of information used in the study are traditional Ayurvedic books like Charaka Samhita, Susruta Samhita, Astanga Hridaya etc, government reports, dissertations, books, research articles and databases like Science-Direct, SciFinder, Web of Science, PubMed, Wiley Online Library, and ACS Publications on Ashwagandha and Withania somnifera (L.) Dunal.
Traal profile of this well-known plant from Ayurveda.
Callicarpa nudiflora Hook. & Arn. is a perennial evergreen shrub or low arbor in the Genus Callicarpa. Its dried aerial parts are used as traditional Chinese herbal medicine, Luo-hua-zi-zhu (Callicarpa nudiflora), which has been widely used in anti-bacteria and anti-ulcer in China (Commission, 2015; Development, 1994; Ming-Sheng, 2008).
The present paper reviewed findings in phytochemistry and pharmacology of Callicarpa nudiflora.
Chinese and English studies on Callicarpa nudiflora were collected from databases including Web of Science, SciFinder, PubMed, Elsevier, and CNKI (Chinese), and the phytochemical and pharmacological studies of Callicarpa nudiflora were reviewed.
A total of 300 small molecules, 173 of which are volatile oils, have been isolated from Callicarpa nudiflora. These small molecules could be divided into seven structural types - phenylpropanoids, flavonoids, triterpenes, diterpenes, iridoid glycosides, volatile oils, and other small molecules. Different types of compounds in Calas follow a) diterpenoid compounds can inhibit the generation of nitric oxide (NO) for exerting the function of anti-inflammation; b) triterpene compounds can play a role of anti-thrombus via inhibiting platelet aggregation and oleanane type and arbutane type pentacyclic triterpenes have the hepatoprotective activities; c) iridoid glycosides have cytotoxicity to tumor cells, and phenylpropanoids compounds have an antioxidant effect and could improve the function of memory. Our group further studied the antiviral activities of Callicarpa nudiflora finding that it has significant effects on RSV, EV71, COXB5, and HSV-1.
Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is a perennial herb that belongs to the Asteraceae family. It is a natural sweetener plant known as "Sweet Leaf", "Sweet Herbs" and "Honey Leaf", which is estimated to be 300 times more sweetening than sugar cane. Stevia has been used as a traditional treatment for diabetes in many countries for hundreds of years. Several animal studies referred to the antihyperglycemic activity of stevia. However, the combined use of stevia with saxagliptin has not been studied so far, so this study has been done. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antihyperglycemic effect of stevia alone and in combination with saxagliptin.
Diabetes was induced in rats by i.p. injection of streptozotocin and nicotinamide. Animals were divided into five groups, each contains eight rats. Group I included negative controland group II included diabetic control that received saline. Group III included diabetic rats that received 400mg/kg/day stevia aqueous extract. Group IV included diabetic rats that received saxagliptin 10mg/kg/day.
