Stewartkudsk0712

The prevalence of asymptomatic hydronephrosis, now detected by ultrasonography, has increased. However, definitive management guidelines for the management of congenital hydronephrosis have not been established. The Japanese Society of Pediatric Urology created a "medical management guide" based on new findings for physicians practicing pediatric urology. We developed a medical management guide focused on congenital hydronephrosis caused by ureteropelvic junction obstruction. This medical management guide consists of the definition, pathophysiology, epidemiology, diagnosis, classification, treatment using a clinical management algorithm of hydronephrosis and the long-term course of the disease. The aim of hydronephrosis management is to determine whether surgery should be carried out to avoid renal dysfunction, as there is a possibility for improvement without intervention. Ultrasonography is essential to make treatment decisions. Management is determined by a comprehensive assessment, including the degree of hydronephrosis, anterior-posterior diameter of the renal pelvis and, if necessary, a nuclear medicine evaluation of the status of urine drainage and renal function. © 2020 The Japanese Urological Association.AIM A social network, which is a set of people connected through socially meaningful relationships, is considered protective for neurocognitive disorders. Men and women have been found to have different opportunities for social participation and it is possible social networks do not form the same way. We hypothesized, male and female social networks would have different protective influences on cognitive function. METHODS The Korean Social Life, Health, and Aging Project, a cohort study involving health examination and social network survey among adults aged ≥60 years in South Korea was conducted from 2014 to 2015. In total, 501 participants (208 men and 293 women) were included in the study. Through face-to-face sessions, participants were asked to answer questionnaires about general characteristics, depressive symptoms, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL), social activity, cognitive function and social network variables (degree, betweenness, and closeness centrality and brokerage roles). Multiple linear regression models were used to investigate whether cognitive functions of men and women are differently influenced by their social networks, and path analysis was used to find the direct/indirect influence of social networks on cognitive function. RESULTS Out-degree centrality and social activity scores were positively correlated with Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) scores only in women. In both genders, age and IADL scores were negatively associated with MMSE scores, while educational level was positively correlated. CONCLUSIONS Cognitive function of women was influenced by social activity and the number of members they considered friends. This finding suggests the influence of social networks on cognitive function differ by gender. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2020; •• ••-••. © 2020 Japan Geriatrics Society.Fluorescent proteins are investigated extensively as markers for the imaging of cells and tissues that are treated by gene transfection. However, limited transfection efficiency and lack of targeting restrict the clinical application of this method rooted in the challenging development of robust fluorescent proteins for in vivo bioimaging. To address this, a new type of near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent protein assemblies manufactured by genetic engineering is presented. Due to the formation of well-defined nanoparticles and spectral operation within the phototherapeutic window, the NIR protein aggregates allow stable and specific tumor imaging via simple exogenous injection. Importantly, in vivo tumor metastases are tracked and this overcomes the limitations of in vivo imaging that can only be implemented relying on the gene transfection of fluorescent proteins. Concomitantly, the efficient loading of hydrophobic drugs into the protein nanoparticles is demonstrated facilitating the therapy of tumors in a mouse model. It is believed that these theranostic NIR fluorescent protein assemblies, hence, show great potential for the in vivo detection and therapy of cancer. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.The metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) with long persistent luminescence (LPL) have caused widespread attention due to potential applications in displaying, anti-counterfeiting, and so on. However, MOF materials are often with large pore size, which restricts the formation of efficient inter- and intramolecular interactions to realize LPL. Herein, we report a new approach to achieve LPL in MOFs by multi-fold interpenetration of discrete frameworks. By the comparison between 3-fold and 2-fold interpenetrating MOFs, we found that the former with higher multiplicity and denser frameworks can be endowed with enhanced inter- and intramolecular interactions, and thus prolonged long persistent luminescence is obtained. Meanwhile, metal cluster and heavy halogen effect could also arouse variations in LPL durations and colours. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.INTRODUCTION AND AIMS We aimed to evaluate and compare the effect of different intravenous doses of naloxone on reinforcing effect of intravenous buprenorphine (2 mg) in patients stabilised on sublingual buprenorphine. DESIGN AND METHODS This is a double-blind, within-subject, randomised, crossover study. Opioid-dependent patients, with history of intravenous drug use, stabilised on buprenorphine maintenance treatment were included after informed consent (n = 14). RGDyK inhibitor We administered and assessed the reinforcing effects of six test conditions buprenorphine and naloxone co-formulation (BNX) in 41, 21 and 11 dose ratio (i.e. buprenorphine 2 mg + naloxone 0.5, 1 and 2 mg, respectively), buprenorphine alone (2 mg), pheniramine maleate (45.5 mg) and saline at 24 hourly intervals. RESULTS No significant opioid withdrawals were precipitated during any test conditions. Compared to buprenorphine alone, 41 BNX had comparable euphoria, drug recognition, subjective opiate sensations and drug liking (P > 0.05); 21 BNX condition had significantly different subjective euphoria (P = 0.001), opioid recognition (P = 0.002), subjective opioid sensations at 60 min (P = 0.027) and drug liking (P less then  0.001), while 11 BNX had significantly different objective euphoria (P = 0.002), opioid recognition (P = 0.030), subjective opioid sensations (P less then  0.001) and drug liking (P less then  0.001). No significant difference was noted on sedation scores between buprenorphine alone and all three combinations of BNX. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS The 41 BNX condition did not impact the reinforcing agonist effects of buprenorphine. None of the intravenous BNX combination ratios precipitated opioid withdrawals. Findings emphasise the need for exploring more abuse deterrent mechanisms. © 2020 Australasian Professional Society on Alcohol and other Drugs.This study reports a new amphiphilic bioconjugate (CAFF-LA) derived from lipoylation of a hydroxyethyl derivative of caffeine. The CAFF-LA self-assembles in water into nanospheres having an average size of 155 nm as evidenced from dynamic light scattering and electron microscopic studies. The nanospheres are stable in serum and could be disintegrated upon exposure to reducing environment of dithiothreitol (DTT; 10 mM) and glutathione (GSH; 10 mM). These nanospheres easily encapsulate the chemotherapy medication, doxorubicin (DOX) and demonstrate an efficacious cellular transport against doxorubicin resistant cervical cancer (HeLa) cells wherein marked induction in apoptosis and significantly lower IC50 have been observed when compared to that of free drug. The in vitro assessment of cell viability and hemocompatibility present these nanospheres as potentially safe and efficient intracellular reduction stimulus responsive drug delivery vehicles. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.Indolo[3,2-b]carbazole is a molecule of ambiguity and controversy, and, on the other hand, presents a π-skeleton with remarkable electronic structure and interesting potential applications. Herein, we report new derivatives of indolo[3,2-b]carbazole, which have enabled a comprehensive study on the electronic structure of indolo[3,2-b]carbazole and development of a new n-type organic semiconductor. It is found from experimental and computational studies that indolo[3,2-b]carbazole has a largely localized p-benzoquinonediimine moiety and significant antiaromaticity. When substituted with (4-silylethynyl)phenyl groups, indolo[3,2-b]carbazole exhibits one-dimensional π-π stacking and functions as an n-type organic semiconductor in solution-processed field effect transistors. © 2020 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.BACKGROUND Previous trials have suggested that elderly patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) could benefit from nanoparticle albumin-bound paclitaxel (nab-paclitaxel). Real-world data on the elderly Chinese population are lacking. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness and tolerability of nab-paclitaxel in Chinese elderly patients (≥65 years) with advanced NSCLC. METHODS This study included 76 patients with a primary diagnosis of IIIB-IV NSCLC from January 2010 to December 2017 at Peking University Cancer Hospital, who received nab-paclitaxel (125 or 130 mg/m2 i.v.) every three weeks. The overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), disease control rate (DCR), and adverse events (AEs) were analyzed. RESULTS There were 12 patients who received nab-paclitaxel as the first-line treatment (seven also received carboplatin), and 64 received nab-paclitaxel as the latter-line treatment. The overall ORR, DCR, median PFS, and median OS were 14.5%, 69.7%, 5.2 madverse events. What this study adds Preliminary evidence shows a good clinical response from treatment with nab-paclitaxel in Chinese elderly patients with advanced NSCLC. © 2020 The Authors. Thoracic Cancer published by China Lung Oncology Group and John Wiley & Sons Australia, Ltd.PURPOSE To examine the effects of age, sex, and left ventricular global function on velocity, helicity, and 3D wall shear stress (3D-WSS) in the aorta of N = 100 healthy controls. METHODS Fifty female and 50 male volunteers with no history of cardiovascular disease, with 10 volunteers per age group (18-30, 31-40, 41-50, 51-60, and 61-80 years) underwent aortic 4D-flow MRI. Quantification of systolic aortic peak velocity, helicity, and 3D-WSS distribution and the calculation of age group-averaged peak systolic velocity and 3D-WSS maps ("atlases") were computed. Age-related and sex-related changes in peak velocity, helicity, and 3D-WSS were computed and correlated with standard metrics of left ventricular function derived from short-axis cine MRI. RESULTS No significant differences were found in peak systolic velocity or 3D-WSS based on sex except for the 18- to 30-year-old group (males 8% higher velocity volume and 3D-WSS surface area). Between successively older groups, systolic velocity decreased (13%,  0.35, P  less then  .