Stewartbain9535

Published data between 1999 and 2019 in Thailand found Ae. aegypti resistant in 73 of 206 collection sites, whereas 3 locations from 11 sampled with low-level resistant in Ae. albopictus. From surrounding countries conducting temephos assays (Cambodia, Lao PDR, Myanmar, Malaysia, and Singapore), resistance is present in Ae. aegypti and Ae. albopictus from 27 of 56 and 19 of 28 locations, respectively. Routine insecticide susceptibility monitoring should be an operational requirement in vector control programs. Given the wide distribution and apparent increase in temephos-resistance, alternative larvicidal compounds must be considered if chemical control is to remain a viable vector control strategy. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of Entomological Society of America. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail journals.permissions@oup.com.OBJECTIVE Nursing time represents one of the highest costs for most health services. We conducted a systematic review of the literature on the impact of health information technology on nurses' time. MATERIALS AND METHODS We followed PRISMA guidelines and searched 6 large databases for relevant articles published between Jan 2004 and December 2019. Two authors reviewed the titles, abstracts, and full texts. We included articles that included a comparison group in the design, measured the time taken to carry out documentation or medication administration, documented the quantitative estimates of time differences between the 2, had nurses as subjects, and was conducted in either a care home, hospital, or community clinic. RESULTS We identified a total of 1647 articles, of which 33 met our inclusion criteria. Twenty-one studies reported the impact of 12 different health information technology (HIT) implementations on nurses' documentation time. Weighted averages were calculated for studies that implemented barcode medication administration (BCMA) and 2 weighted averages for those that implemented EHRs, as these studies used different sampling units; both showed an increase in the time spent in documentation (+22% and +46%). However, the time spent carrying out medication administration following BCMA implementation fell by 33% (P  less then  .05). HIT also caused a redistribution of nurses' time which, in some cases, was spent in more "value-adding" activities, such as delivering direct patient care as well as inter-professional communication. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Most of the HIT systems increased nursing documentation time, although time fell for medication administration following BCMA. Many HIT systems also resulted in nurses spending more time in direct care and "value-adding" activities. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Medical Informatics Association.TRP melastatins (TRPMs) are most well-known as cold and menthol sensors, but are in fact broadly critical for life, from ion homeostasis to reproduction. Yet the evolutionary relationship between TRPM channels remains largely unresolved, particularly with respect to the placement of several highly divergent members. To characterize the evolution of TRPM and like channels, we performed a large-scale phylogenetic analysis of > 1,300 TRPM-like sequences from 14 phyla (Annelida, Arthropoda, Brachiopoda, Chordata, Cnidaria, Echinodermata, Hemichordata, Mollusca, Nematoda, Nemertea, Phoronida, Priapulida, Tardigrada, and Xenacoelomorpha), including sequences from a variety of recently sequenced genomes that fill what would otherwise be substantial taxonomic gaps. These findings suggest (1) The previously recognized TRPM family is in fact two distinct families, including canonical TRPM channels, and an 8th major, previously undescribed family of animal TRP channel, TRP soromelastatin (TRPS); (2) two TRPM clades predate the last bilaterian-cnidarian ancestor; and (3) the vertebrate-centric trend of categorizing TRPM channels as 1-8 is inappropriate for most phyla, including other chordates. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution.Euglena gracilis is a metabolically flexible, photosynthetic and adaptable free-living protist of considerable environmental importance and biotechnological value. By label-free LC-MSMS, a total of 1,786 proteins were identified from the E. gracilis purified mitochondria, representing one of the largest mitochondrial proteomes so far described. Despite this apparent complexity, protein machinery responsible for the extensive RNA editing, splicing and processing in the sister clades diplonemids and kinetoplastids, is absent. This strongly suggests that the complex mechanisms of mitochondrial gene expression in diplonemids and kinetoplastids occurred late in euglenozoan evolution, arising independently. By contrast, the alternative oxidase pathway and numerous ribosomal subunits presumed to be specific for parasitic trypanosomes are present in E. gracilis. selleck inhibitor We investigated the evolution of unexplored protein families, including import complexes, cristae formation proteins and translation termination factors, as well as canonical and unique metabolic pathways. We additionally compare this mitoproteome with the transcriptome of Eutreptiella gymnastica, illuminating conserved features of Euglenida mitochondria as well as those exclusive to E. gracilis. This is the first mitochondrial proteome of a free-living protist from the Excavata, and one of few available for protists as a whole. This study alters our views of the evolution of the mitochondrion, and indicates early emergence of complexity within euglenozoan mitochondria, independent of parasitism. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Molecular Biology and Evolution.OBJECTIVE Patient experience is a core component of quality and service improvement. In the case of child health, it is parents who often report on their experiences of the child's healthcare. However, these parent experiences are rarely used to drive change. Our aim was to develop and implement the systematic collection of parent experience data across a range of cardiothoracic services, using quality improvement methodology to implement change. DESIGN Plan-Do-Study-Act methodology was used to develop parent-reported experience measures. Setting Specialist children's hospital. PARTICIPANTS Parents of children under the care of one of a number of cardiothoracic services at the hospital. INTERVENTION(S) Completion of questionnaires about hospital experience comprising quantitative and qualitative questions. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S) Response rates and completion of a specific-measurable-achievable-realistic-timely (SMART) action plan by the individual clinical teams. RESULTS During the first cycle 17 surveys were developed for different clinical services and questionnaires sent/given to 1876 parents.